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Inheritance of Soybean Pod Number Trait on Acid Soil Kuswantoro, Heru; Basuki, Nur; Arsyad, D. M.
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Al-toxicity stressed soybean will show its tolerance response by changing pod number per plant. Hence, Al-toxicity tolerance of soybean can be predicted using that character. The objective of the research was to study inheritance of pod number trait of soybean on acid soil. Development of base population was carried out by crossing the genotypes of W3898- 14-3 with MLGG 0583 and MLGG 0709 from March 2002 to January 2003. Then, from March to June 2003, 13 populations resulting from soybean base population were grown on Pulung Kencana, Tulang Bawang, Lampung, where the soil is Ultisol with Al saturity of 32.84%. The design was randomized completely block design with three replications. The space was 40 x 15 cm, one plant per hill. Results showed that based on pod number per plant, soybean tolerance was polygenically controlled, where the gene action was additive and there was no allelic and non-allelic interaction genes. Narrow sense heritability was low, while broad sense heritability was classified as high. Keywords : Al-toxicity, gene action, heritability, pod number trait, soybean

PEMULIAAN TANAMAN KEDELAI TOLERAN TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN Suhartina Suhartina; Heru Kuswantoro
Buletin Palawija No 21 (2011): Buletin Palawija No 21, 2011
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bulpa.v0n21.2011.p26-38

Alih fungsi lahan pertanian produktif dan perubahan iklim global menyebabkan menurunnya produksi kedelai (Glycine max Merr.) di Indonesia. Perluasan areal tanam kedelai untuk mengatasi hal tersebut pada umumnya mengarah pada lahan-lahan suboptimal, di antaranya adalah lahan kering. Oleh karena itu, perakitan varietas unggul kedelai toleran kekeringan menjadi salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan perluasan areal tanam di lahan tersebut. Dalam perakitan varietas kedelai toleran kekeringan, mekanisme toleransi kedelai terhadap cekaman kekeringan memegang peranan penting, karena berhubungan dengan karakter-karakter yang mendukung toleransi tersebut. Pada umumnya karakter yang berhubungan langsung dengan toleransi kekeringan adalah karakter fisiologi dan morfologi. Namun, dalam pemuliaan kedelai, hasil biji merupakan karakter yang paling penting. Dengan demikian, perakitan varietas unggul kedelai toleran kekeringan sebaiknya dilakukan dengan menggabungan karakter fisiologi, morfologi, dan agronomi; karena ketiga karakter tersebut pada umumnya tidak bertautan secara genetik. Dengan penggabungan ketiga karakter tersebut penurunan hasil akibat cekaman kekeringan dapat ditekan.

The number of trichoma leaves, preference of Bemisia tabaci, and resistance soybean genotype against cowpea mild motle virus after treatment variation doses of Nitrogen Endrik Nurrohman; Siti Zubaidah; Heru Kuswantoro
Bioscience Vol 6, No 1 (2022): Biology
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/0202261113785-0-00

Bemisia tabaci is a dangerous insect for soybeans because it attacks the leaves and is a major obstacle in soybean cultivation and is considered a vector of Cowpea Mildmotle Virus (CpMMV). The part of the plant that defends itself from invading organisms is the trichome. Nitrogen nutrients can increase the number of trichomes in plant. This type of research is experimental research. The study design is a factorial design which is maintained in a complete group of randomized groups (RAKL). The first factor was a nitrogen dose consisting of four levels, such as N1 (0g), N2 (0.180g), N3 (0.36g), and N4 (0.543g), while the second factor was a genotype consisting of seven soybean genotypes UM.4-1, UM.7-2, UM.2-4, UM.7-6, UM.6-2, Wilis and Gumitir varieties. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the number of upper trichomes and lower trichomes with the number of Bemisia tabaci. The interaction treatment had significant effect on the amount of upper surface of leaf tricoma and lower surface of leaf. Treatment of 0,543/ polybag nitrogen dose gave the most significant influence to the number of upper trichomes and lower trichomes. The results of correlation-regression analysis show that the number of lower trichomes contributes 65.7% in describing the number of Bemisia tabaci. The number of upper trichomes contributed 89.4% in describing the number of B. tabaci. Plants with a large number of trichomes and dense have low Bemisia tabaci preference and resistance to Cowpea Mild Motle Virus attacks in high level.Bemisia tabaci merupakan serangga berbahaya bagi kedelai karena menyerang daun dan menjadi kendala utama dalam budidaya kedelai dan dianggap sebagai vektor Cowpea Mildmotle Virus (CpMMV). Bagian tumbuhan yang mempertahankan diri dari serangan organisme pengganggu adalah trikoma. Unsur hara nitrogen dapat meningkatkan jumlah trikoma pada tanaman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen. Desain penelitian adalah desain faktorial yang dipertahankan dalam kelompok lengkap kelompok acak (RAKL). Faktor pertama adalah dosis nitrogen yang terdiri dari empat taraf yaitu N1 (0g), N2 (0,180g), N3 (0,36g), dan N4 (0,543g), sedangkan faktor kedua adalah genotipe yang terdiri dari tujuh genotipe kedelai. Varietas UM.4-1, UM.7-2, UM.2-4, UM.7-6, UM.6-2, Wilis dan Gumitir. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jumlah trikoma atas dan trikoma bawah dengan jumlah Bemisia tabaci. Perlakuan interaksi berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah permukaan atas daun trikoma dan permukaan bawah daun. Perlakuan dosis nitrogen 0,543/polybag memberikan pengaruh paling nyata terhadap jumlah trikoma atas dan trikoma bawah. Hasil analisis korelasi-regresi menunjukkan bahwa jumlah trikoma bawah berkontribusi 65,7% dalam menggambarkan jumlah Bemisia tabaci. Jumlah trikoma atas memberikan kontribusi 89,4% dalam menggambarkan jumlah B. tabaci. Tanaman dengan jumlah trikoma yang banyak dan lebat memiliki preferensi Bemisia tabaci yang rendah dan ketahanan terhadap serangan Cowpea Mild Motle Virus pada tingkat yang tinggi.

KARAKTERANATOMI GALUR-GALUR HARAPAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merill) TAHAN Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus (CpMMV) Irwan Wijaya; Siti Zubaidah; Heru Kuswantoro
Bioedukasi Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Vol 7, No 1 (2016): MEI, 2016
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/bioedukasi.v7i1.486

KERAGAAN CIRI KUANTITATIF MORFOLOGI GALUR-GALUR HARAPAN KEDELAI (Glycine max L. Merill) TAHAN CpMMV (Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus) Tri Andri Setiawan; Siti Zubaidah; Heru Kuswantoro
Bioedukasi Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Vol 7, No 1 (2016): MEI, 2016
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/bioedukasi.v7i1.484

Inheritance of Soybean Pod Number Trait on Acid Soil Heru Kuswantoro; Nur Basuki; D. M. Arsyad
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v33i2.53

Al-toxicity stressed soybean will show its tolerance response by changing pod number per plant. Hence, Al-toxicity tolerance of soybean can be predicted using that character. The objective of the research was to study inheritance of pod number trait of soybean on acid soil. Development of base population was carried out by crossing the genotypes of W3898- 14-3 with MLGG 0583 and MLGG 0709 from March 2002 to January 2003. Then, from March to June 2003, 13 populations resulting from soybean base population were grown on Pulung Kencana, Tulang Bawang, Lampung, where the soil is Ultisol with Al saturity of 32.84%. The design was randomized completely block design with three replications. The space was 40 x 15 cm, one plant per hill. Results showed that based on pod number per plant, soybean tolerance was polygenically controlled, where the gene action was additive and there was no allelic and non-allelic interaction genes. Narrow sense heritability was low, while broad sense heritability was classified as high. Keywords : Al-toxicity, gene action, heritability, pod number trait, soybean

PEMULIAAN TANAMAN KEDELAI TOLERAN TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN Suhartina Suhartina; Heru Kuswantoro
Buletin Palawija No 21 (2011): Buletin Palawija No 21, 2011
Publisher : Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi

Alih fungsi lahan pertanian produktif dan perubahan iklim global menyebabkan menurunnya produksi kedelai (Glycine max Merr.) di Indonesia. Perluasan areal tanam kedelai untuk mengatasi hal tersebut pada umumnya mengarah pada lahan-lahan suboptimal, di antaranya adalah lahan kering. Oleh karena itu, perakitan varietas unggul kedelai toleran kekeringan menjadi salah satu faktor penentu keberhasilan perluasan areal tanam di lahan tersebut. Dalam perakitan varietas kedelai toleran kekeringan, mekanisme toleransi kedelai terhadap cekaman kekeringan memegang peranan penting, karena berhubungan dengan karakter-karakter yang mendukung toleransi tersebut. Pada umumnya karakter yang berhubungan langsung dengan toleransi kekeringan adalah karakter fisiologi dan morfologi. Namun, dalam pemuliaan kedelai, hasil biji merupakan karakter yang paling penting. Dengan demikian, perakitan varietas unggul kedelai toleran kekeringan sebaiknya dilakukan dengan menggabungan karakter fisiologi, morfologi, dan agronomi; karena ketiga karakter tersebut pada umumnya tidak bertautan secara genetik. Dengan penggabungan ketiga karakter tersebut penurunan hasil akibat cekaman kekeringan dapat ditekan.

Effect of Gibberellin Doses on the Morphologhy of Soybean Strains Infected with Bemisia tabaci Dyah Kusuma Wardhani; Siti Zubaidah; Heru Kuswantoro
BIOEDUKASI Vol 15 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bioedu.v15i2.6932

This study aimed to determine the effect giberelin doses on the morphology of several soybeans strains (UM.4-1, UM.7-2, UM.2-4, UM.7-6, UM.6-2 , Gumitir and Wilis) which have been attacked by Bemisia tabaci. Research was conducted at Research Station, Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang. The design of the study was a complete split plot randomized block design. Spraying gibberellin on 35 days old (35 HST) after-planting soybean with variation dose of giberellin were 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm and 75 ppm. Morphological observation was carried out on leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, ratio of leaf, petiole length, leaf shape, color of hipocotyl, rod coat color, the color of ripe pods and flower color. Data were analyzed using 2 ways Anova. The results showed that there was a difference in treatment’s effect against leaf width, leaf ratio, leaf area and petiole length of soybeans but no effect of dose variation on soybean leaf length. There is the effect of the combination treatment (soybean strains and dosage) of the leaf width, leaf ratio, leaf area and petiole soybeans but there is no effect of combination treatment on soybean leaf length. There is the influence of lines on the leaf width, leaf area and ratio, but there is no influence on the long soybean lines of soybean leaf and petiole). Keywords: Gibberelin, Bemisia tabaci, Morphology, Soybean

Effect of Nitrogen Dosage (N) on Morphology of Soybean Strains (Glycine max (L.) Merr) Hold Bemisia tabaci Endrik Nurrohman; Siti Zubaidah; Heru Kuswantoro
BIOEDUKASI Vol 15 No 2 (2017)
Publisher : PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS JEMBER

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/bioedu.v15i2.6931

Nutrients are needed by plants for the growth process and development. One crucial nutrient is nitrogen. Nitrogen triggers the formation and growth of vegetative parts of plants such as roots,stems and leaves. This study aimed to determine the effect of nitrogen dose against Glicine max. L strains UM.4-1, strains UM.7-2, strain UM.2-4, strains UM.7-6, strain UM.6-2, and two varieties namely Gumitir and Wilis resistant Bemisia tabaci. This experimental research was using a completely randomized block design with 4 treatment doses of nitrogen, 0 g, 25 g, 75 g and 100 g/polybag combined with 0,55g of potassium and phosphate 0,917g/polybag. The variables measured were length of petioles, the leaf ratio, leaf length, width and leaf area. Observations was carried out based on soybean lines, dosage, and a combination of both. Data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA. The results showed that there were significant different in the lenght of petiole, leaf ratio, leaf length, width and leaf area on different strains of Glicine max. L. There was also the effect of different treatments (doses) on the length of petiole, leaf ratio, leaf width and leaf area but no significant effect on leaf length. Combination of treatments showing there were effect on the length of petiole, leaf ratio, leaf length and width and also on leaf area. Keywords: Nitrogen, morphologycal character, Glicine max.L.

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