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Smart Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 26211408     EISSN : 26210916     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Smart Medical Journal (SmedJour) is published by Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret. SMedJour publishes original research articles or article review in the basic medical sciences, clinic medical sciences, medical education and public health.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal" : 7 Documents clear
Pengaruh Durasi DM Tipe 2 Terhadap Angka Leukosit dan Hitung Jenis Leukosit Pada Tikus Wistar Pasca Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (BCCAO) Ety Sari Handayani; Farah Jasmine Dianita; Rahma Yuantari Yuantari
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.42787

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Stroke iskemik merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering ditemui di dunia terutama Indonesia. BCCAO merupakan teknik yang dapat digunakan untuk menginduksi iskemia serebral. Salah satu faktor risiko stroke iskemik yaitu diabetes melitus tipe 2 dimana dapat meningkatkan agregasi leukosit dan aktivasi aterosklerosis. Mengetahui pengaruh durasi diabetes melitus tipe 2 terhadap angka leukosit dan hitung jenis leukosit pada tikus pasca ligasi BCCAO.Metode: Jenis penelitian berupa kuasi eksperimental. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu tikus jantan dewasa (Rattus norvegicus) galur Wistar. Tikus dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kelompok perlakuan, masing-masing terdiri dari 6 ekor tikus. Kelompok 1 merupakan kelompok sham operated, kelompok 2 merupakan kelompok iskemik (diligasi BCCAO selama 20 menit dan reperfusi 7 hari), kelompok 3 merupakan kelompok perlakuan DM-iskemik (DM selama 2 minggu dengan BCCAO), dan kelompok 4 merupakan kelompok DM-iskemik (DM selama 3 minggu dengan BCCAO. Analisis data menggunakan uji ANOVA dan Kruskal Wallis.Hasil: Angka leukosit dan hitung jenis leukosit pada DMT2 durasi 3 minggu memiliki nilai Neutrofil yang signifikan (23,53x 5,57; p = 0,014, p <0,05) dan Limfosit (66,68 x 6,16; p = 0,028, p <0,05) setelah induksi stroke iskemik.Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh durasi diabetes melitus tipe 2 terhadap hitung jenis leukosit yaitu neutrofil dan limfosit pada tikus pasca ligasi BCCAO.Kata Kunci: Durasi DM, BCCAO, angka leukosit, hitung jenis leukosit
Psikoneuroimunologi Depresi pada Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Asti Yuliadha; Rohmaningtyas Hidayah Setyaningrum
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.43238

Abstract

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is heterogeneous, complex endocrine disorder with unknown etiology, affecting 4%−18% of reproductive age women and associated with reproductive, metabolic and psychological dysfunction. Along with physical disorders, many mental disorders are also associated with PCOS, about 40% of women with PCOS have depression. This literature review aims to explore how PCOS can lead to depression in term of psychoneuroimmunology aspects.Method: Literature review was conducted through search engine from Google Scholar and Clinical Key with keywords “Polycystic ovary syndrome”, “depression”, “psychoneuroimmunology”, “distress”, and “inflammation” from 2015-2020.Result: The important role of the HPG axis in the pathophysiology of mood disorder has concluded that high comorbidity between depression and PCOS are caused by hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance mediated by low grade chronic inflammation. The activation of HPA by stress exerts an inhibitory effect on the female reproductive system. CRH can inhibit GnRH secretion from the hypothalamus. The anti-reproductive action of CRH in the ovaries of women with high psychosocial stress lead to early ovarian failure. In addition, the pathophysiology of depression and mental stress in PCOS is associated with various changes including high activity of pro-inflammation markers and the body's immune system during stress, it has also been linked to increased cortisol levels, increased sympathetic activity and decreased serotonin levels in the central nervous system.Result: There’s close relationship between PCOS and depression in terms of psychoneuroimmunology aspects, by HPG axis role. Comprehensive management of depression is improving outcome strategy in women with PCOS by involving CLP.Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), Depression, Psychoneuroimmunology, HPG axis
Gambaran Klinis Telinga Hidung Tenggorokan Pasien SARS CoV-2 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Dewi Pratiwi; Hadi Sudrajad; Sarwastuti Hendradewi; Made Setiamika; Putu Wijaya Kandhi; Novi Primadewi; Vicky Eko Nurcahyo Hariyadi; Adisetya Wicaksono; Marisa Rizqiana Dewi
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.54111

Abstract

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: COVID-19 merupakan infeksi yang disebabkan oleh SARS-CoV-2. Prevalensi kasus COVID-19 di Indonesia pada akhir tahun 2020 mencapai 750.000 kasus dan terus meningkat hingga saat ini. Manifestasi klinis yang dialami oleh pasien COVID-19 cukup beragam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran klinis telinga hidung tenggorokan (THT) pasien SARS CoV-2 di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional melibatkan 316 pasien terkonfirmasi SARS-CoV-2 positif di RSUD Dr. Moewardi, Surakarta, Jawa Tengah selama April sampai Juni 2021. Dilakukan pemeriksaan PCR untuk melihat status infeksi SARS-CoV-2 dan anamnesis untuk melihat gambaran klinis telinga hidung tenggorokan pasien menggunakan kuesioner. Data univariat dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi.Hasil: Secara umum, distribusi empat gejala THT terbanyak pada pasien terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 berturut-turut adalah nyeri tenggorok (21.52%), hilang penciuman (11.71%), hilang rasa pengecapan (10.44%), dan hidung tersumbat (9.18%). Gejala non-THT yang terbanyak ditemukan meliputi demam (73.73%) dan batuk (57.91%). Keempat gejala THT terbanyak tersebut juga ditemukan pada usia 15-64 tahun, kecuali pada usia ≥65 tahun dimana gejala sakit kepala (3.17%) merupakan gejala terbanyak kedua setelah nyeri tenggorok. Tidak ditemukan gejala hidung tersumbat pada usia ≥65 tahun. Gejala THT terbanyak pada pasien pria terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 berturut-turut adalah nyeri tenggorok (9.82%), hilang penciuman (4.75%), hidung tersumbat (4.44%), dan hilang pengecapan (2.85%). Sementara itu, gejala THT terbanyak pada wanita terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 berturut-turut meliputi nyeri tenggorok (11.07%), hilang pengecapan (7.59%), hilang penciuman (6.96%), dan hidung tersumbat (4.74%).Kesimpulan: Gambaran klinis telinga hidung tenggorokkan pasien terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 yang paling sering muncul berturut-turut adalah nyeri tenggorok, hilang penciuman, hilang pengecapan, dan hidung tersumbat. Frekuensi gejala ini bervariasi akibat banyak faktor, diantaranya adalah umur dan jenis kelamin.
Potency of Various MicroRNA as Sputum Biomarker in Lung Cancer Ahmad Razi Maulana Alnaz; Aqyl Hanif Abdillah; Rasyid Ridha
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.54585

Abstract

Introduction: Lung cancer is one the deadliest cancer known. Current method using low-dose CT scan to screen lung cancer applied are proved to reduce mortality, but lack in accuracy leading to overdiagnosis. Current researches are mostly seeking for a non-invasive and cost-effective method, hence biomarkers such as microRNA has a potency to screen and diagnose lung cancer. This literature review aimed to discuss the potency of microRNA in sputum as a biomarker in screening lung cancer.Methods: The study is conducted by literature searching for related journals in search engines such as PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar with keywords. 35 articles were included with relevance and within 10 years publication.Result: MicroRNA is a short non-coding RNA which regulates gene expression. It acts in an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene regulation. DNA mutations or defects occurred in cancer particularly in lung cancer causes increase or decrease of microRNA expression. Alterations of microRNA expression in sputum detected by rt-PCR may represent progressions of lung cancer from a cell cycle dysregulation and provides better sensitivity and specificity among other biomarkers. Combinations of miRNA species offer increase of  sensitivity and specificity. Particular types of microRNA are able to classify the types of lung cancer in progress.Conclusion: MicroRNA has the promising potency and strong accuracy with a non-invasive and cost-effective procedure in detecting early signs of lung cancer occurrence and can be further applied as biomarker used in lung cancer.Keywords: Biomarker; Lung Cancer; microRNA; Screening; Sputum
Efek Secretome Sel Punca Mesenkimal Terhadap Ekspresi Interleukin 17 Dan Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Evi Liliek Wulandari; Arief Nurudhin; Arifin Arifin; Zainal Arifin Adnan
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.48954

Abstract

Pendahuluan Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) adalah penyakit inflamasi autoimun kronis yang belum jelas penyebabnya dengan gambaran klinis yang luas serta tampilan perjalanan penyakit beragam. Sitokin tertentu seperti IL-17 dan TNFα sangat terkait dengan pathogenesis SLE. Sel punca mensekresikan sejumlah protein (secretome) termasuk growth factor, kemokin, sitokin, metabolit dan lipid bioaktif yang mengatur secara autokrin atau parakrin sambil merekayasa interaksi dengan lingkungan mikro sekitarnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh secretome sel punca mesenkimal terhadap ekspresi Interleukin 17 (IL-17) dan Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) pada mencit model lupus.Metode PenelitianPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan metode post test only control group design dengan randomisasi, sampel 21 mencit Balb/c betina, dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (injeksi NaCl 0,9% 0,5ml intraperitoneal), pristan (injeksi pristane 0,5ml intraperitoneal) dan pristan+secretome (injeksi pristan 0,5ml + secretome 0,45 ml intraperitoneal). Dilakukan pemeriksaan ekspresi IL-17 dan TNF- α jaringan ginjal ketiga kelompok. Analisa statistik menggunakan SPSS 22 for windows. Uji beda rerata antara kelompok menggunakan uji F Anova bila distribusi data normal dan bila signifikan akan dilanjutkan dengan LSD Post Hoc Test. P bermakna jika p<0,05.Hasil PenelitianHasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa didapatkan hasil yang bermakna antara kelompok kontrol, pristan dan pristan+secretome baik pada kadar IL-17 (kontrol 6,9±1,95 ; pristan 9,9±2,27; pristan+secretome 6,1±1,95;  =0,016), dan TNF-α (kontrol 6,9±1,95; pristan 11,7±3,40; pristan+secretome 7,9±2,03; p=0,005).Kesimpulan Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian secretome sel punca mesenkimal berpengaruh menurunkan ekspresi IL-17 dan TNF- α pada mencit model lupus.Kata kunci : Secretome, Interleukin 17, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Lupus
Potensi Padina australis sebagai Marine Drug untuk Aterosklerosis I Gusti Ayu Stiti Sadvika; Ni Wayan Ari Wulansari; Ni Putu Elsinthia Suryaningsih; Agung Nova Mahendra
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.55479

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, altered lipid accumulation, inflammation, and foam cells deposition. Fucoxanthin and fucoidan that are contained in Padina australis are known to have potential anti-atherosclerotic effects. This review aims to see the activity and potential of Padina australis as an anti-atherosclerotic marine drug. This literature review article was obtained through a online-based scientific database using terms or phrases relevant to the topic. Fucoxanthin reduces ROS and inhibits production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Meanwhile, fucoidan can regulate the development of atherosclerosis by preventing SMC from forming foam cells, LOX-1 expression, and proinflammatory molecules significantly. A decrease in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and increased HDL-c also shown to be one of the effects of fucoidan in modulating lipid metabolism. Fucoxanthin can increase thermogenesis by increasing PRDM16, UCP-1, and UCP-3 in BAT and decreasing adipocyte size, leptin, and increasing adiponectin in WAT. Fucoidan can lower the cholesterol index, triglycerides, LDL, and increase the expression of PPARγ which can increase lipid metabolism and inhibit hyperlipidemia. In conclusion, Padina australis is potential anti-atherosclerosis agent due to its fucoxanthin and  fucoidan exhibiting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, and modulation of lipid metabolism.Keywords: Padina australis, fucoxanthin, fucoidan, atherosclerosis, marine drug
Comparison between SIRS and qSOFA Score for Predicting Mortality and Length of Stay Sepsis Patients in ICU of Dr Moewardi Hospital Surakarta Rahma Pramatama Tameru; Rth Supraptomo; Eko Setijanto
Smart Medical Journal Vol 5, No 1 (2022): Smart Medical Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/smj.v5i1.40216

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is still one of the causes of morbidity and mortality in patients who are hospitalized. Early recognition and therapy is needed to prevent deterioration of the disease and predict outcomes. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock in 2016 issued the latest definition for sepsis and recommended qSOFA score to replace the previous assessment system, SIRS criteria. This study was conducted with the aim of knowing the accuracy of the SIRS criteria, the accuracy of the qSOFA score, and the comparison between the two for predicting the mortality rate and length of stay of sepsis patients at the ICU of Dr Moewardi Hospital SurakartaMethods: This research was an observational analytic study with cross sectional approach, conducted in Dr Moewardi Hospital on September-November 2018. The samples were 106 sepsis patients. The data were collected by reading the medical record of sepsis patients who were hospitalized in ICU during of period July 2017 until June 2018 and analyzed statistically by and ROC curve analysis, chi square analysis test, and zero-truncated regression poisson testResult: qSOFA Score Pre-ICU (Sens 67.9%, Spe 50%, p=0.120, OR=2.111), qSOFA Score ICU (Sens 63.1%, Spe 77.3%, p=0.001, OR=5.813), SIRS Criteria Pre-ICU (Sens 88.1%, Spe 18.2%, p=0.439, OR=1.644), and SIRS Criteria ICU (Sens 84.5%, Spe 40.9%, p=0.009, OR=3.781). AuROC in predict mortality for qSOFA Pre-ICU, SIRS Pre-ICU, qSOFA ICU, and SIRS ICU were 0.625, 0.503, 0.754, and 0.644 consecutively. AuROC in predict length of stay in ICU > 3 days for qSOFA Pre-ICU, SIRS Pre-ICU, qSOFA ICU, and SIRS ICU were 0.580, 0.566, 0.681 and 0.639 consecutively. Conclusion: The qSOFA score has poor sensitivity and moderate specificity, while the SIRS criteria has high sensitivity but low specificity. But, qSOFA is superior to SIRS for predicting mortality and length of stay in ICU > 3 days. Keyword : Sepsis, ICU, SIRS, qSOFA,mortality

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