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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya
ISSN : 14104830     EISSN : 25021966     DOI : -
Core Subject :
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.
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Articles 855 Documents
FUNGSI SIMBOLIK PERAYAAN ERAU DI TENGGARONG (KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA) Janah, Ulum
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (568.046 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v19i2.439

Abstract

Penelitian “Fungsi Simbolik Perayaan Erau di Tenggarong” merupakan penelitian lapangan. Objek penelitian ini adalah Perayaan Erau. Erau menunjukkan identitas masyarakat dan menunjukkan rasa persatuan di wilayah Kutai melalui fungsi simbolis perayaan tersebut. Untuk menganalisis prosesnya, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan semiotik milik Peirce. Hasilnya menunjukkan kegiatan dalam perayaan Erau di Tenggarong memiliki makna simbolis bagi masyarakat pemilik adat untuk mengkonfirmasi identitasnya. Selain itu, simbol juga berfungsi sebagai bentuk ekspresif, kreatif, psikologi, dan sosial bagi masyarakat adat maupun masyarakat umum di Tenggarong. Simbol tersebut menggambarkan orang pertama dan pemimpin di Kutai yang memiliki struktur berupa elemen-elemen yang saling terkait antara pemilik adat, dalam hal ini dari pihak kesultanan dan masyarakat sekitar. The "Functions of Symbolic Celebration Erau in Tenggarong" is the result of a field research. The object of this study are Erau Celebration. The Erau shows communities identity and demonstrate a sense of Unity in Kutai region through the symbolic function of the celebration. To analyse the process, this paper used semiotic approach by Peirce. The results indicate that the activities in Erau Celebration in Tenggarong have a symbollic meaning for the people of indigenous owners to confirm his identity. In addition, the symbols also have functioned as expressive, creative, psychology, and social forms for indigenous peoples as well as general public in Tenggarong. The symbol draws the first person and the leader of Kutai and their interrelated structural element and interdependency between indigenous owners, in this case from the sultanate and the surrounding communities.
INTEGRATED COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA: THE IMPLEMENTATION AND ITS CHALLENGES Nurhidayah, Laely
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 13, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (582.626 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v13i1.96

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai Negara kepulauan masih menghadapi permasalahan dalam manajemen sumber daya laut and pesisir. Kerusakan terumbu karang, mangrove serta overfishing adalah salah satu indikator adanya permasalahan dalam manajemen sumber daya laut. Permasalahan ini termasuk tumpang tindihperaturan perundangan, kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat, dan konflik penggunaan pesisir dan sumber daya laut. Pengelolaan Pesisir Terpadu adalah pendekatan untuk mencapai keberlanjutan sumber daya laut dan pesisir seperti yang termaktub dalam Agenda 21 dan telah banyak diterapkan di berbagai negera. Pendekatan Pesisir terpadu adalah pendekatan baru yang menggantikan pendekatan sektoral yang dalam kenyataanya pendekatan sektoral ini tidak mampu mengatasi permasalahan kompleks manajemen sumber daya pesisir dan laut. Pengelolaan Pesisir Terpadu adalah pengintegrasian dan harmonisasi hukum, kebijakan dan kerjasama semua pemangku kepentingan dalam manajemen sumber daya laut dan pesisir. Tulisan ini mengkaji permasalahan dan tantangan pengelolaan pesisir laut terpadu di Indonesia, terutama dengan masih tumpang tindihnya peraturan perundang-undangan dalam pengelolaan sumber daya laut dan pesisir, kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat dan konflik lahan.Kata Kunci : integrated coastal zone management, partisipasi publik, manajemen konflik
NYAI DAN UMI DALAM TRADISI PESANTREN DI JAWA DAN DAYAH DI ACEH:ACHIEVED DAN DERIVATIVE POWER Srimulyani, Eka
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (82.263 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v11i1.234

Abstract

Pesantren as well as other traditional Islamic education institutions such as dayah used to be portrayed as an institution that set up particular boundaries on women’s public roles. The leadership system applied in the given institutions is also apparently patriarchal; in which man use to be prioritized in the succession of pesantren or dayah leadership. Besides, some discourses of the text books or literatures taught tend to absorb some patriarchal values. Nevertheless, beyond its patriarchal images, indeed there are still some spaces for women’s agency either in the pesantren or dayah – that would include the leadership system or even beyond. This will be feasible either through a ‘derivative power’ when the status is inherited or ‘achieved power’; when personal struggle is dominant to achieve it. Keywords: pesantren, dayah, achieved power, derivative power
Cover Vol 19 No 3 Tahun 2016 Sukmawati, MA, Anggy Denok
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1336.917 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v18i3.581

Abstract

MERETAS MASALAH PERPANGANAN DI KABUPATEN ALOR: DULU, KINI, DAN MASA MENDATANG Siburian, Robert
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 13, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (105.823 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v13i1.131

Abstract

Alor is a district in East Nusa Tenggara Province that often suffers from food shortage. Food insecurity experienced by farmer community is mainly related to two main factors, namely: geography condition and accessibility of people to food resources. Those situations have created low agricultural production, which have their close nexus with farmers’ income. As a consequent, they seek of getting financial assistance, whether from government or private sectors. Some factors that are contributing to farmers low income including land infertility, farmers possession of a small plot of land, the scarcity of productivity means such as: fertilizers, the weather condition (dry season) and natural disasters. Most importantly, the limited skills of farmers to make use by all resourcesavailable factors has also impacted to food insecurity. To overcome the current condition, any effort to establish food security mechanism through alleviation of poverty programs is recommended, for example, the revitalization of Alor local food. In the long run, any development of agricultural program in Alor Island must be carried out through intensification and extensification programs as well as accelerating aquacultural program and other alternative solutions. Strengthening the local “adat” organizations could also help farmers inparticular to cope with the food insecurity, and to solve related major issues that link closely with people basic needs. The data used to write this paper are based on research conducted on September and October 2009.Keywords: Food Security, Revitalization, and Local Food
LEMBAGA PERKREDITAN DESA (LPD) DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM : SEBUAH LEMBAGA KEUANGAN ADAT HINDU PENGGERAK USAHA SEKTOR INFORMAL DI BALI Kurniasari, Tri Widya
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 9, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (123.01 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v9i1.266

Abstract

Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) as one of the Micro Finance Institutions has succeded in Province Bali in giving its service to the community. As an alternative finance institution, they have been able to reach the people with low income and small sized and micro business in informal sector. Unfortunatelly, LPD was build without the Governor of Indonesian Bank’s policy letter, which means that LPD has performed informally. This article attempts to analyze, not only about the management system of LPD which based on the Hindu-Bali values as the traditional customs and the major religion in Bali, but also the legal analysis on LPD itself, particularly after the Bali Bombings which have destroyed the economic sector in general. One of the findings in this article is that the service mechanism of LPD in Bali Province, which based on the value of local wisdom has became a major indicator in moving forward the economic growth. Keywords: Lembaga Perkreditan Desa, Bali, Informal Sector
Refleksi Kepercayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Pantai Prigi dalam Sajen Slametan Njangkar (Kajian Etnolinguistik) Puspita, Ayunda Riska
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (299.922 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v20i2.614

Abstract

Masyarakat Jawa masih sangat mempertahankan budaya dan adat peninggalan nenek moyangnya. Salah satu adat yang masih dipertahankan sampai saat ini adalah kegiatan upacara selamatan (slametan) yang di dalamnya terdapat sajen yang melambagkan atau menyimbolkan pesan tertentu. Di pesisir Pantai Prigi upaca slametan yang masih dilaksaskan sampai saat ini adalah slametan njangkar. Slametan njangkar ini berhubungan erat dengan kepercayaan masyarakat pesisir Pantai Prigi terhadap Nyi Roro Kidul, Sang Penguasa Laut Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan sajen-sajen yang terdapat dalam upacara slametan njangkar untuk mengetahui refleksi kepercayaan masyarakat pesisir Pantai Prigi dalam upacara tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian etnolinguistik dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan metode deskripsi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penamaan sajen merefleksikan kepercayaan masyarakat pesisir Pantai Prigi terhadap Allah swt. dan makhluk ciptaan-Nya yang tidak dapat dilihat secara kasat mata atau makhluk ghaib yang merupakan penguasa wilayah tertentu seperti Nyi Roro Kidul. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan masyarakat pesisir Pantai Prigi termasuk ke dalam sinkretisme karena terjadi akulturasi budaya Jawa dengan budaya Islam. Tujuan utama slametan njangkar adalah untuk memohon keselamatan kepada Yang Maha Kuasa dan meminta izin kepada penguasa laut selatan untuk memasuki wilayahnya dan mengambil sebagian harta yang dimiliki oleh Nyi Roro Kidul The Javanese people still preserve their culture and custom passed down by theiranchestors. One of the heritage that is still preserved till this day is in the form of ceremony or selamatan (slametan). In slametan there is a sajen that symbolize a particular message. In coastal Prigi beach the ceremony or slametan called slametan njangkar. This slametan is closely related to the beliefs of the coastal community in Prigi Beach toward Nyi Roro Kidul as the queen of the South Sea. This study aims to describe the sajen-sajen contained in the slametan njangkarin order to know the reflection of Coastal Coast Prigi people’s beliefthrough the ceremony. This ethnolinguistics research used qualitative approach and descriptive method. The results of this study then indicate that the naming of sajen reflects the belief of the coastal community in Prigi towards Allah swt and His invisible creatures that cannot be seen by the bare eye or supernatural beings who rules certain regions named Nyi Roro Kidul. It shows that the belief of the coastal community in Prigi Coast involved in the syncretism due to the acculturation of Javanese culture with Islamic culture. The main goal of slametan is to bega salvation to the Almighty and ask permission to the queen of the sea to enter her territory to take her resources.
PARADIGMA DALAM KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI DI INDONESIA: SEBUAH KRITIK TERHADAP DOMINASI PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SCHOOL Tirtosudarmo, Riwanto
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 10, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (112.623 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v10i1.170

Abstract

In this article, the underlying approach that has been used to formulate the post-Soeharto's territorial reform that produced decentralization laws and regulations is critically reviewed. The so-called Public Administration School or "PAS" that is rooted on the formal-legal paradigm and adopted by the discipline of law and political sciences has dominated the thinking behind the formulation of the decentralization and regional autonomy laws. The legal drafter of the decentralization laws in Indonesia are strongly influenced by the PAS approach and have crafted a national law that is generally lack of comprehensive understanding on the dynamics and processes at the society level. The PAS approach is failed in their attempt to incorporating various dimensions that are not only formatted but also contextualized the society. The critical implications that are mostly beyond the imagination of the experts that belong to the PAS approach is the fact that the news have created many loopholes for political elites to easily manipulating the existing regulations for their short term goal to capture the regional political positions and economic benefits. Two case studies of "pemekaran wilayah" in Central and Southeast Sulawesi provinces are presented to show the actual processes in which “pemekaran” become an arena for the local elites to contest for power and economic resources. A more comprehensive approach that is able to incorporating social, economic and ecological dimensions is needed to avoid the flaws, hypocrisy and manipulation by the political elites, as we have noticed in the implementation of the current decentralization laws and government regulations.
PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGIS DALAM PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT Pramono, Rudy
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (372.23 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v18i1.342

Abstract

Abstract Studies on disasters in the recent decade tend to shift from problems and management to human and community approaches. This paper aims to describe disaster management from sociological perspective. It discusses various understandings, responses as well as the management patterns of local communities and other actors (organizations), who mostly experience contestations on the disaster management. Disaster management offers multidisciplinary approach combining concepts, conclusions, and analysis of sociology, public administration and other disciplines. Disasters are mostly related with individual’s or community’s knowledges as well as their strategies to cope with the hazards. Planning and preparedness activities to manage the disasters are more sustainable learning processes rather than end goals. Sociological perspective is not only knowledge, but also a mutual understanding process to arrange programs, priorities and strategies to cope with the hazards. The disaster management strategy incorporating human and communities are more effective; therefore, it should be embedded to their daily lives. Keywords: hazards, disasters, sociological, contestation, response Abstrak Kajian tentang bencana dalam dekade terakhir menunjukkan terjadinya perubahan orientasi, yang semula lebih banyak membahas masalah teknis tentang kejadian yang memicu bencana dan penanganan korban bencana menjadi pendekatan yang menekankan pada pendekatan manusia dan masyarakat. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan uraian perspektif sosiologis tentang pengelolaan bencana, yang membahas keragaman pemahaman, tanggapan dan pola masyarakat lokal menghadapi bencana dan pemahaman, tanggapan dan pola aktor atau organisasi eksternal dalam menghadapi, yang seringkali berkontestasi untuk dijadikan rujukan dalam pengelolaan bencana. Pengelolaan bencana merupakan pendekatan multidisiplin antara konsep, simpulan dan analisis dari sosiologi, administrasi publik dan berbagai disiplin ilmu lain. Dalam berbagai kejadian, bencana berkaitan dengan bagaimana pola pengetahuan individu atau masyarakat terhadap suatu ancaman bencana dan bagaimana pola mereka dalam menghadapi ancaman tersebut. Kegiatan perencanaan dan kesiapsiagaan menghadapi bencana merupakan proses belajar yang berkelanjutan menghadapi suatu ancaman, bukan tujuan yang ada akhirnya. Perspektif sosiologis bukan hanya sekedar pengetahuan, namun suatu proses saling memahami antarpihak terkait dalam menyusun kegiatan program, prioritas dan strategi implementasi pengelolaan suatu ancamanan berncana secara berkelanjutan. Jika strategi pengelolaan bencana menjadi acuan dalam tanggapan perilaku manusia atau kelompok sosial dalam menghadapi suatu ancaman bencana menjadi lebih efektif, maka strategi tersebut perlu dikembangkan dan diterapkan menjadi bagian hidup manusia atau kelompok yang mengalami suatu ancaman bencana dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Kata kunci: ancaman, bencana, sosiologis, kontestasi, respon
Akses dan Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Hutan Berbasis Kearifan Lokal pada Masyarakat di Kabupaten Manokwari Siburian, Robert
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 20 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.683 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jmb.v20i3.727

Abstract

Hutan bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di Papua umumnya dan Kabupaten Manokwari khususnya, tidak lepas dari kehidupan mereka sehari-hari. Sebagai bagian dari masyarakat tradisional, hutan menjadi tempat hidup, tempat mencari makan, tempat bermain dan tempat belajar. Dengan kata lain, hutan dimanfaatkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup dan sekaligus tempat terjadinya proses sosial budaya. Agar tujuan itu tercapai seiring keterlibatan berbagai pihak dalam pengelolaan sumber daya hutan, akses masyarakat lokal terhadap sumber daya hutan menjadi penting. Penanaman pengetahuan ekologi tradisional tentang sumber daya hutan harus tetap dilakukan agar kawasan hutan tetap terjaga. Hubungan hutan dengan masyarakat, praktek pengetahuan ekologi tradisional itu, dan akses masyarakat terhadap sumberdaya hutan yang dapat memberi pendapatan pada mereka, saya ulas dalam tulisan ini.

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