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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 252 Documents
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Construction of Begomovirus AV1 Gene Candidate into pBI121 and Its Introduction into Tobacco by using Agrobacterium tumefaciens Vector Santoso, Tri J.; Herman, Muhammad; Hidayat, Sri H.; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial; ., Sudarsono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Jurnal AgroBiogen
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Abstract

Infection of Begomovirus has caused leaf curl disease in tomato. This infection has significantly impact on yield losses of tomato production. Recently, in Indonesia there was no effectively way to control this disease.  The use of resistant tomato variety is one of strategies to control this virus. Genetic engineering technology gives an opportunity to develop the transgenic tomato resistant to Begomovirus through pathogen derived resistance (PDR) approach. The objectives of this study were to construct the  Begomovirus AV1 candidate gene in the pBI121 and to introduce the construct into tobacco plant genome through Agrobacterium tumefaciens vector. A series activites in gene construct have been conducted include PCR amplification of AV1 gene using a pair of specific primer, cloning the gene into pGEM-T easy, transformation of the clone into Escherichia coli DH5α competent cell, construct the gene into pBI121, and transform the construct into A. tumefaciens. Leaf segments of in vitro tobacco plant were transformed by co-cultivation with A. tumefaciens containing ToLCV-AV1 construct. In the research activitiy, Indonesian  Begomovirus  AV1 gene  was  successfully amplified and inserted in expression vector plasmid pBI121. Tobacco transformants carrying kanamycin-resistant gene (nptII gene) were regenerated and established in the glasshouse. Those transformant plants are expected containing the AV1 gene.
AvrBs3/PthA Virulence Factor of Bacterial Leaf Blight Race III, Race IV, Race VIII, and IXO93-068 Utami, Dwinita W.; Kadir, Triny S.; Yuriyah, Siti
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Jurnal AgroBiogen
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Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is an important disease of rice and present throughout many of the rice-growing regions in the world, also in Indonesia. Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the causal agent and a member of the Protebacteria and like many other this phyllum have a type III secretion system for protein virulence effector (PVE) released on their patho-genicity system. Commonly, PVE in Xanthomonas sp., is coded by AvrBs3/PthA family gene. This research was coducted to identify the virulence factor of AvrBs3/PthA on dominant Indonesian BLB isolates (Race III, Race IV, Ras VIII, and IXO93-068). This objective was obtained by sequence analysis through designed markers for members of the virulence factor AvrBs3/PthA gene family (PthXo4, avrXa7#38, PthXoS and avrXa7sacB50). Results gave infor-mation that RaceIII is a dependent elicitor race due to no PVE transcript formed and intraceluler protein target with RLL type on NLS (nuclear localization signal). RaceIV and RaceVIII are the virulent race which PVE active formed with intraceluler protein target and have the RLL and RLLP type for the NLS signal. While isolate IXO93-068 is a virulen isolate that active formed a PVE but the extraceluler protein target is due to no type of NLS. Based on cluster analysis, Race VIII has a genetic distance closely to PthXoS and avrXa7sacB50.
Efficacy of RB gene in transgenic potato Katahdin SP904 and SP951 to West Java isolates of Phytophthora infestans Ambarwati, A. Dinar; Sumaraw, S. M.; Purwito, Agus; Herman, M.; Suryaningsih, E.; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Jurnal AgroBiogen
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Abstract

Potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans is one of the most devastating plant disease. Potato yield losses due to this disease ranged from 47-100%. A major late blight resistance gene, called RB, previously was identified in the wild potato species Solanum bulbocastanum. RB gene has been integrated into cultivated potato Katahdin using Agrobacterium-mediated transfor-mation, and showed durable and broad spectrum resistance either in laboratory assay or in confined field trial. Evaluation of transgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951 was conducted to verify whether the RB gene with broad spectrum to all known races of P. infestans in the United States and in Toluca, Mexico was also effective against P. infestans isolates in Indonesia. Efficacy of RB gene was evaluated for foliar and tuber resistance to West Java isolates. Transgenic Katahdin were more resistant in foliar than non transgenic plants, at 14 days after inoculation. Diseases intensity of transgenic Katahdin SP904 and SP951 were 19.8-43.8%, whereas non transgenic Katahdin, Granola, and Atlantic were 46.9-100%. In contrast to the foliar resistance phenotype, RB-containing tubers in transgenic Katahdin did not exhibit increased resistance to Lembang, Pangalengan and Galunggung isolates. Tubers of transgenic Katahdin SP904, SP951, and non transgenic Katahdin showed lesion volume of 0.93, 0.91, and 0.91 cm3, respectively. RB gene in transgenic Katahdin showed efficacy against late blight P. infestans in foliar, but did not showed efficacy in tuber. Transgenic Katahdin RB thus providing a potential source of resistance for breeding programs.
Delivering of Over-Expression Construct OsWRKY76 Candidate Gene in Rice cv. Nipponbare through Agrobacterium tumefaciens Apriana, Aniversari; Sisharmini, Atmitri; Enggarini, Wening; Sudarsono, Sudarsono; Khumaida, Nurul; Trijatmiko, Kurniawan R.
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Jurnal AgroBiogen
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Abstract

Plant genetic improvement can be done through classical breeding or genetic engineering. WRKY is a transcription factor involved in regulating plant defense responses. OsWRKY76 gene is located in a narrow segment of chromosome 9 which is identified previously to be related to wide spectrum resistance in rice. A sequence of OsWRKY76 (+1.200 bp) has available in the gene bank and it makes possible to isolate, clone, and construct the gene into over-expression vector. The aim of this research was to assemble an over-expression construct of OsWRKY76 candidate gene and introduce it into rice through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A construct of pCAMBIA-1301::35S::OsWRKY76 has been successfully assembled and transformed into embryogenic calli of rice cv. Nipponbare using A. tumefaciens strain Agl-1 and EHA 105. A number of 126 independent lines has been produced, in which Agl-1 showed 3.8 times more efficient than EHA 105. PCR analysis of randomly selected 25 independent lines showed that all of them positively contained hptII gene, a selectable marker used in the over-expression construct of the OsWRKY76 candidate gene. Based on the result, it could be concluded that the over-expression construct of OsWRKY76 candidate gene have been successfully introduced into the tissue of Nipponbare.
Phylogenetic and Maturity Analyses of Sixty Soybean Genotypes Used for DNA Marker Development of Early Maturity Quantitative Trait Loci in Soybean Tasma, I Made; Satyawan, Dani; Warsun, Ahmad; Yunus, Muhamad; Santosa, Budi
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 7, No 1 (2011): Jurnal AgroBiogen
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Abstract

The Indonesian soybean productivity is still very low with the national average of 1.3 t/ha. One means to improve national soybean productivity is by manipulating harvest index by cultivating very early maturing soybean cultivars. Development of early maturing soybean cultivars can be expedited by using marker-aided selection. The objective of this study was to select parental lines having contrasted maturity traits and selected parents must be genetically distance. The parents then were used to develop F2 populations for detecting early maturity QTL in soybean. Maturity tests of 60 soybean genotypes were conducted at two locations, Cikeumeuh (Bogor) and Pacet (Cianjur) using a randomized block design with three replications. Genomic DNA of the 60 genotypes were analyzed using 18 SSR markers and genetic relationship was constructed using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method Arithmatic through Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate System program version 2.1-pc. Results showed that the 60 genotypes demonstrated normal distribution in both locations for days to R1 (32-48d), days to R3 (35-55d), days to R7 (75-92d), and days to R8 (78-99d). Four early maturing genotypes and three late genotypes were obtained. Total SSR alleles observed were 237 with average allele per locus of 12.6 (3-29), and average PIC value of 0.78 (0.55-0.89). Genetic similarity among genotypes ranges from 74.8-95%. At similarity level 77% divided the genotypes into six clusters (the four selected early maturing genotypes located in clusters III and IV, while the three late genotypes located in cluster II). Based on maturity data, pubescent color, and phygenetic analysis seven parents were selected (four early maturing genotypes B1430, B2973, B3611, B4433 and three late genotypes B1635, B1658, and B3570). Twelve F2 populations were developed with the aid of SSR markers Satt300 dan Satt516. Two of the populations will be used to develop DNA markers for earliness in soybean.
Combination of Somaclonal Variation and Mutagenesis for Crop Improvement Lestari, Endang G
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 1 (2012): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

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ABSTRACTCombination of Somaclonal Variation and Mutagenesisfor Crop Improvement. Endang G. Lestari. Mutation-basedplant improvement, which changes one or a few specifictraits of a cultivar, can contribute to crop improvement.Tissue culture increases the efficiency of mutagenictreatment to induce variations. In vitro culture incombination with induced mutation can speed up thebreeding program by generating variability, followed byselection and multiplication of the desired genotypes. Inmany vegetative propagated crops, mutation induction incombination with in vitro culture techniques can be themost effective method for plant improvement. In seedpropagated species, the application of mutation coupledwith doubled haploid systems seems to be highly promisingin crop improvement. This approach speeds up the breedingprogram through generation of variability followed byselection of homozygousity and rapid multiplication ofdesired genotypes.
Indirect Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis of Pineapple Induced by Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid Roostika, Ika; Mariska, Ika; Khumaida, Nurul; Wattimena, Gustaaf A
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 1 (2012): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

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ABSTRACTIndirect Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis ofPineapple Induced by Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid. IkaRoostika, Ika Mariska, Nurul Khumaida, and Gustaaf A.Wattimena. This research aimed to study the effect of 2,4-D,AdS, and basal media to the regeneration of pineapplethrough indirect organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis,and to study the complete event of somatic embryogenesis.Callus formation was induced by 21, 41, and 62 μM 2,4-Dwith addition of 9 μM TDZ. The non embryogenic calli weretransferred onto 4.65 μM Kn containing medium.Embryogenic callus formation was induced on MS or Bacbasal media consisted of N-organic compounds withaddition of AdS (0, 0.05 and 0.1 μM). The embryogenic calliwere regenerated on modified MS medium with addition of0.9 μM IBA, 1.1 μM BA, 0.09 μM GA3 or MS mediumsupplemented with 0.018 mM BA. The result proved that thesingle auxin of 2,4-D was not enough to induce embryogeniccells. Therefore the non embryogenic calli were regeneratedthrough organogenesis. The 21 μM 2,4-D yielded high level ofcallus formation (80%), higher fresh weight (0.2 g/explant)and higher number of shoot (25 shoots/explant in twomonths). Embryogenic calli were produced on N-organiccompounds enriched media. The regeneration mediumsignificantly affected the level of browning, where the MSmedium with addition of 0.018 mM BA yielded lower level ofbrowning. There was an interaction of embryogenic callusinduction medium and regeneration medium to the numberof mature somatic embryos. The embryogenic callusinduction on MS medium enriched with N-organiccompounds and 0.05 μM AdS followed by the regenerationof somatic embryos on MS medium with addition of 0.018mM BA was the best treatment which yielded 17 maturesomatic embryos/explant
Perbanyakan Nematoda Patogenik Serangga (Rhabditida: Steinernema dan Heterorhabditis) pada Media In Vitro Cair Statik -, chaerani -; Suhendar, M Ace; Harjosudarmo, J -
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 1 (2012): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

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ABSTRACTIn Vitro Culture of Entomopathogenic Nematodes(Rhabditida: Steinernema and Heterorhabditis) in StaticLiquid Media. Chaerani, M. Ace Suhendar, and J.Harjosudarmo. Entomopathogenic nematodes belongingto genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis are potentiallymost effective and safe biological control agents for insectpests, especially for soil dwelling insects and those living incryptic habitats. Field application of the nematodes is stillhampered by supply of large number of infective juvenile(IJ) nematodes. Five published in vitro media along with itstwo modifications were tested for mass propagations of twoindigenous nematodes (H. indicus PLR2 and SteinernemaT96) and one commercial strain (S. carpocapsae #25).Varying levels of IJ yields were observed across thereplications and experiments. Medium F that contained 1.0%yeast extract, 2.5% egg yolk, and 4.0% soy oil yielded thehighest IJ numbers of H. indicus PLR2 (1.5×105 IJ ml-1) andof S. carpocapsae #25 (2.9×105 IJ ml-1), whereas the widelyused medium B, which is based on homogenized chickenoffal (40%), yielded the highest number of Steinernema T96(5.8×104 IJ ml-1). The IJ’s quality, as measured by theirmorphometrics and pathogenicities, were generallyimpaired, indicating the lack of essential nutrient(s) in themedia. Optimization of the propagation media is thereforestill needed to increase IJ’s quantity and quality to achievethe required standard for commercial scale of artificialpropagation.
Analisis Gen Selubung Protein Chilli Veinal Mottle Potyvirus dari Beberapa Daerah di Indonesia Manzila, Ifa -; Hidayat, Sri H; Mariska, Ika -; Sujiprihati, Sriani -
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 8, No 1 (2012): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

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ABSTRACTAnalysis of Coat Protein Gene of Chilli Veinal MottlePotyvirus Collected from Several Means in Indonesia. IfaManzila, Sri H. Hidayat, Ika Mariska, and SrianiSujiprihati. Variation on symptoms and virulence wasobserved on different isolates of ChiVMV collected fromWest Java, Central Java, East Java, South Kalimantan, WestSumatera and Central Aceh. Research was conducted tostudy genetic variation of six ChiVMV isolates based onsequence analysis of coat protein (CP) gene and aminoacid. Sequence analysis of CP gene showed 87% to 99%homology among the six isolates with level of variationranging from 0.02% to 1.48%. Sequence analysis of aminoacid derived from CP gene showed 85% to 99% homology.Further analysis on amino acid motives of CP gene indicatedmutation of octapeptide motif, i.eLSGQVQPQSRQSEMETEVPQVR on ChiVMV CKB andRMETFGLDGRVGTQEEDTERHT on other ChiVMV isolates.Other differences was observed on amino acid number 61and 84 i.e. deletion of MET and mutation of GG to KV onChiVMV BL and KR. Phyllogenetic analysis based onnucleotide and amino acid sequence showed that sixisolates of ChiVMV can be differentiated into three groups.ChiVMV KR and BL were in the same group with ChiVMVPataruman (GeneBank No. access DQ854961), ChiVMV CKBwas in the same group with ChiVMV Cikabayan 2(GeneBank No. access DQ854960), and ChiVMV TD, ChiVMVNI and GB ChiVMV were in the same group with ChiVMVTaiwan (GeneBank No. access DQ854948). Analysis of CPgene confirmed the occurrence of genetic variation amongChiVMV isolates although symptom variation is weak.
In Vitro Culture Manipulation on Pruatjan for Secondary Metabolite Production Ika Roostika; Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih; Ireng Darwati; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 2 (2007): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n2.2007.p55-59

Abstract

Purwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk. atau Pimpinellaalpina KDS.) adalah tanaman obat langka yang dapat dimanfaatkansebagai bahan obat afrodisik, diuretik, dan tonik.Kultur in vitro tidak hanya dapat digunakan untuk konservasidan perbanyakan tanaman, melainkan dapat juga diterapkanuntuk produksi metabolit sekunder. Melalui teknik ini,produksi metabolit sekunder tidak bergantung kepada sumbertanaman di lapang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuanuntuk meningkatkan kadar stigmasterol melalui kultur invitro dengan menggunakan prekursor asam mevalonat. Penelitiandibagi menjadi dua tahap, yaitu induksi kalus danmanipulasi kultur in vitro untuk meningkatkan kadar stigmasterol.Pada tahap induksi kalus, terdapat 16 perlakuan yangmerupakan kombinasi perlakuan 2,4-D dan piklorammasing-masing pada taraf 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; dan 2,0 ppm. Untukmeningkatkan kadar stigmasterol, digunakan asam mevalonatpada taraf 0, 250, 500, dan 750 ppm dengan masa inkubasiselama 4 dan 6 minggu. Kandungan stigmasterol dianalisismenggunakan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa media P2 (DKW + 2,4-D 0,5 ppm + pikloram 1,0ppm) adalah media terbaik untuk induksi kalus. Eksplan daunlebih baik daripada eksplan petiol. Hasil analisis GC-MSmenunjukkan bahwa kandungan stigmasterol tertinggi(0,0356 ppm) diperoleh dari kalus dengan masa inkubasi 4minggu pada media dengan penambahan asam mevalonat250 ppm. Peningkatan taraf asam mevalonat tidak mampumeningkatkan kandungan stigmasterol. Kadar tersebut miripdengan kandungan stigmasterol pada planlet dari GunungPutri (0,0365 ppm) dan Dieng (0,0414 ppm). Dibandingkandengan kadarnya dalam akar tanaman dari lapang, kandungantersebut sekitar 10-100 kali lipat lebih tinggi.

Page 1 of 26 | Total Record : 252

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