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Effect of the Environmentally Friendly Composite Materials on Physical and Thermal Properties of the Natural Composite Syafrul Hadi; Mastariyanto Perdana
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 8, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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One of the most widely used and applied technics materials today is a composite material based on nature. Natural composites are lightweight and relatively strong and environmentally friendly, so composites based on synthetic fibers are reduced in use. This study uses constituent materials derived from shells and bunches of palm oil plant crops that function as reinforcement. Shells and fibers from empty bunch of oil palm plants are made in the form of powder. Matrix used in this research was polyester resin and epoxy resin. The volume fraction between the reinforcement and the matrix is 50:50. The fabrication process of this environmentally friendly composite is compression molding with a pressure load of 30 kg/cm2. This study aims to determine the effect of the type of composite materials on physical and thermal properties of the natural composite. The results show that natural composites are high density composites. The highest density of palm shell/polyester composite is 1,223 g/cm3 and the lowest density of oil palm empty bunch/epoxy composite is 1,021 g/cm3. The highest thermal conductivity of oil palm shell/polyester composite is 0,28 W/m.K. Thermal conductivity composite value is more influenced by binder/matrix of composites.

FRACTURE SURFACE PADA KOMPOSIT HIBRID BERBASIS FIBERGLASS DAN COIR AKIBAT PENGARUH MOISTURE CONTENT Mastariyanto Perdana; Jamasri Jamasri
Jurnal Momentum ISSN 1693-752X Vol 17, No 1 (2015): Volume 17 No 1 Tahun 2015
Publisher : ITP Press

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Salah satu material teknik yang sangat banyak digunakan dibidang keteknikan adalah komposit. Ini disebabkan komposit memiliki sifat ringan dan relatif kuat. Namun, komposit yang berbasis serat sintesis dikurangi penggunaannya untuk mendapatkan sifat ramah lingkungan sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan serat hibrid dengan fraksi volume yang terdiri dari 12% fiberglass dan 18% coir. Fraksi volume antara serat hibrid dan epoksi adalah 30:70. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk patahan (fracture surface) komposit sebagai akibat pengaruh dari moisture content. Komposit direndam dalam air dengan variasi perendaman 6, 12, 18, dan 24 jam untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari moisture content tersebut. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sebagai akibat moisture content menyebabkan terjadinya pull-out pada serat coir dan fiberglass pada komposit hybrid. Moisture content menyebabkan menurunnya interfacial bonding antara serat coir dan matrik sehingga akan menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kekuatan dari komposit.

Pengaruh Kecepatan Gesek dan Ukuran Serbuk Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Terhadap Laju Keausan Material Komposit Alam Mastariyanto Perdana
TRAKSI Vol 21, No 1 (2021): TRAKSI
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26714/traksi.21.1.2021.1-14

Composite materials have been very widely applied in the industrial, one of its applications is on motorcycle brake pads. Composites that were applied to motorcycle brake pads still tend to use metal-type composite materials. They were made from synthetic materials. In this study, the use of oil palm shell waste as a composite base material was expected to be applied as an alternative material for motorcycle brake pads. In terms of hardness, the oil palm shell has high hardness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of friction speed and size of palm oil shell powder on the wear rate of natural composite materials. The matrix used in this study was an epoxy, one of polymer material. The volume fraction between oil palm shell powder and epoxy resin was 55%: 45%. The variations in the size distribution of oil palm shell powder were 841-595 µm, 595-420 µm and 420-297 µm. Composite manufacturing process using compression molding method. The test carried out in this study is the wear rate test with a variation of the friction speed by 1300 rpm, 1500 rpm and 1700 rpm. The results showed that the larger size of palm kernel shell powder with low friction speed in natural composites gave the lowest wear rate value. For oil palm shell powder size 841-595 µm has a wear rate of 3.44 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1700 rpm, 2.50 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1500 rpm and 1.11 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1300 rpm. For palm shell powder size 595-420 µm has a wear rate of 3.89 x 10-7 g/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1700 rpm, 2.67 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1500 rpm and 1.35 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1300 rpm. For oil palm shell powder size 420-297 µm has a wear rate of 4.83 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1700 rpm, 3.52 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1500 rpm and 1.58 x 10-7 gr/mm2.s at a friction speed of 1300 rpm. It is hoped that the composite made from palm oil shell powder and epoxy resin can later become an alternative material for motorcycle brake pads.

PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME PENGUAT TERHADAP KEKUATAN LENTUR GREEN COMPOSITE UNTUK APLIKASI PADA BODI KENDARAAN Perdana, Mastariyanto
Jurnal Ipteks Terapan Vol 9, No 4 (2015): JIT
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Composites are one of material be used in engineering field. This is due the composites has light weight and relatively strong properties. The synthesis fiber-based composites reduces to obtain environmental friendly properties. This research use hybrid fiber which consist of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder and bagasse fiber. Matrix used is resin polyester. Variation of volume fraction between bagasse and calcium carbonate powder are 10:20, 15:15 and 20:10 respectively. Volume fraction of hybrid fiber and polyester is 30:70. This study aims to determine mechanical properties of hybrid composites for each variation of volume fraction. Test results showed. Bending strength of bagasse-based hybrid composites and powder of calcium carbonate with a variation of volume fraction of 10%: 20%, 15%: 15% and 20%: 10% are 53.77 MPa, 54.90 MPa and 59.76 MPa. Hybrid composites with volume fraction 20% bagasse and 10% calcium carbonate powder has highest of bending strength. Green composite based bagasse and calcium carbonate powder can use on application of vehicle body.Komposit merupakan salah satu material yang banyak digunakan pada bidang keteknikan. Ini dikarenakan komposit memiliki sifat ringan dan relatif kuat. Untuk mendapakatkan sifat yang ramah lingkungan, penggunaan komposit yang berbasis serat sintesis dikurangi penggunaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan serat hibrid yaitu penggabungan antara serbuk kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dan serat ampas tebu (bagasse). Matrix yang digunakan adalah resin polyester.Variasi fraksi volume antara bagasse dan serbuk kalsium karbonat masing-masing adalah 10:20, 15:15 dan 20:10. Fraksi volume antara serat hibrid dan resin polyester adalah 30:70. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanik dari komposit hibrid berbasis bagasse dan serbuk kalsium karbonat untuk masing-masing variasi fraksi volume. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwakekuatan bending tertinggi komposit hibrid berbasis bagasse dan serbuk kalsium karbonat adalah fraksi volumeserat 20% bagasse dan 10% serbuk kalsium karbonat yang mempunyai kekuatan bending sebesar 59.76 MPa. Kekuatan bending dari komposit hibrid berbasis bagasse dan serbuk kalsium karbonatdengan variasi fraksi volume 10% : 20%, 15% : 15% dan 20% : 10% adalah 53.77 MPa, 54.90 MPa dan 59.76 MPa.Komposit ramah lingkungan berbasis serat ampas tebu dan serbuk kaslium karbonat dapat diaplikasikan pada bodi kendaraan

PENGARUH FRAKSI VOLUME KOMPOSIT SERBUK CANGKANG KELAPA SAWIT/EPOKSI TERHADAP KEKERASAN DAN LAJU KEAUSAN Perdana, Mastariyanto
Jurnal Ipteks Terapan Vol 13, No 1 (2019): JIT
Publisher : LLDIKTI Wilayah X

Natural composite is one of materials that have been utilized in the engineering field. Utilization of natural composite is due to nature of environmentally friendly and better on mechanical properties. The aim of this study was determine the effect of volume fraction of composite-based oil palm shell powder to hardness and wear rate. In this study, the main materials of composite are oil palm shells as a reinforcement and epoxy resin as binders. Oil palm shells are crushed into powder with size 420-595 μm. Variation of volume fraction between oil palm shell and epoxy are 45%:55%, 50%:50% and 55%:45%. The results showed that composite hardness was increasing with the addition of oil palm shell powder composition. Hardness of composites based oil palm shell powder/epoxy at volume fractions of 45%:55%, 50%:50% and 55%:45% are 10.69 VHN, 11.64 VHN, and 12.36 VHN, respectively. Wear rate of composites decreases with the addition of oil palm shell composition. Wear rate of composite based oil palm shell powder/epoxy at a volume fraction of 45%:55%, 50%:50% and 55%:45% are 4.7 x 10-7 g/mm2.s, 2.5 x 10-7 g/mm2.s, and 1.9 x 10-7 g/mm2.s, respectively. Analysis of fracture surface of composite has been done using Scanning Electrone Microscope. Komposit alam merupakan salah satu material yang telah dimanfaatkan pada bidang keteknikkan. Pemanfaatan komposit alam ini tidak terlepas dari sifat ramah terhadap lingkungan dan sifat mekanik yang relatif baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari fraksi volume komposit berbahan dasar serbuk cangkang kelapa sawit terhadap kekerasan dan laju keausan. Pada penelitian ini, bahan utama dari material komposit adalah cangkang kelapa sawit sebagai pengikat (reinforcement) dan resin epoksi sebagai pengikat (binder). Cangkang kelapa sawit dihaluskan menjadi serbuk dengan ukuran 420-595 µm. Variasi fraksi volume antara cangkang kelapa sawit dan epoksi adalah 45%:55%, 50%:50%, dan 55%:45%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kekerasan komposit semakin meningkat dengan penambahan komposisi serbuk cangkang kelapa sawit. Kekerasan dari komposit serbuk cangkang/epoksi pada fraksi volume 45%:55%, 50%:50% dan 55%:45% berturut-turut sebesar 10.69 VHN, 11.64 VHN, dan 12.36 VHN. Laju keausan dari komposit semakin menurun dengan penambahan komposisi serbuk cangkang kelapa sawit. Laju keausan dari komposit serbuk cangkang/epoksi pada fraksi volume 45%:55%, 50%:50% dan 55%:45% berturut-turut sebesar 4.7 x 10-7 g/mm2.dt, 2.5 x 10-7 g/mm2.dt, dan 1.9 x 10-7 g/mm2.dt. Pengamatan permukaan patahan dari komposit telah dilakukan menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).

Flying Time Of Quadcopter Based On Green Composites Material Mastariyanto Perdana; Nurzal; Syahrul Firdaus; Rozi Saferi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 8 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.8 No.2 October 2018
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2018.v8.i2.73-77

Application of green composites material is aerial egineering. Advantages of green composites material are lightweight and relatively strong. This reason that makes green composites can be applied in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). In this study, material of quadcopter frame was composites material that made of waste material from styrofoam, bagasse and eggshell. Styrofoam was used as binder of composite material. Bagasse and eggshell was used as reinforcement in green composite material. The investigation focused on effect of volume fraction on flying time of quadcopter that made of green composites material. This study showed that addition of eggshell powder in composites up 25% by volume fraction, result in decreasing the flying time of quadcopter. Addition of eggshell powder in composites up 25% by volume fraction, result in decreasing the porous of green composite. Porous structure affect the flying time of quadcopter based on green composite materials that made of waste material from styrofoam, bagasse and eggshell. Green composite based on styrofoam, bagasse and eggshell can be applied in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) materials.

Effect of Dynamic Load on the Stiffness of Fiberglass and Coir-Based Hybrid Composite Mastariyanto Perdana
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 6, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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The composites made from natural fibers have been widely used in the engineering field because the natural fiber-based composites have lightweight nature, relatively strong and environmentally friendly. The use the synthetic fiber-based composites reduced to obtain the environmentally friendly composites. In this study, the use synthetic fibers (fiberglass) reduced by adding coconut fiber (coir) on the composite mix. Composites in this study using the volume fraction of hybrid fiber 12% fiberglass and 18% coir. The volume fraction of fibers and epoxy hybrid is 30:70. This study aims to determine changes in stiffness of the hybrid composites due to dynamic loads. Hybrid composite loaded by 500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 cycles of the dynamic load. The test results show degradation of the rigidity of the hybrid composite. The stiffness decrease like presented by the ratio of E/Eo. The number of cycles of the dynamic load causes a decrease in stiffness hybrid composites. The stiffness of hybrid composites decrease because of dynamic load treatment reaches 30%.

ANALISA SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK DARI GREEN COMPOSITE MATERIAL DARI LIMBAH STYROFOAM, AMPAS TEBU DAN CANGKANG TELUR SEBAGAI RANGKA DRONE Mastariyanto Perdana
Jurnal Momentum ISSN 1693-752X Vol 20, No 1 (2018): Volume 20 No. 1 Februari 2018
Publisher : ITP Press

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Pemanfaatan material limbah untuk dijadikan sebagai material dibidang keteknikkan mulai dikembangkan. Pemanfaatan material limbah bertujuan untuk mendapatkan sifat yang ramah lingkungan. Salah satu material limbah yang bisa dikembangkan adalah limbah dari styrofoam, ampas tebu dan cangkang telur. Pada penelitian ini styrofoam dijadikan bahan pengikat (matriks) sedangkan ampas tebu dan cangkang telur dijadikan bahan penguat (reinforcement) material green composite. Ampas tebu dan cangkang telur sebagai bahan penguat dihaluskan menjadi serbuk ukuran 64-72 µm. Variasi fraksi volume dari styrofoam, ampas tebu dan cangkang telur adalah 80%:10%:10%, 70%:15%:15%, 60%:20%:20% dan 50%:25%:25%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh fraksi volume terhadap sifat fisik dan mekanik dari material green composite berbahan limbah styrofoam, ampas tebu dan cangkang telur. Pengujian sifat fisik yang dilakukan adalah pengujian densitas dan pengujian mekanik yang dilakukan adalah pengujian tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa densitas dari material green composite semakin meningkat dengan penambahan komposisi dari material reinforcement. Densitas dari green composite pada fraksi volume 80%:10%:10%, 70%:15%:15%, 60%:20%:20% dan 50%:25%:25% berturut-turut sebesar 0,90 gr/cm3, 0,95 gr/cm3, 1,01 gr/cm3 dan 1,21 gr/cm3. Kekuatan tarik dari material green composite semakin meningkat dengan penambahan komposisi dari material reinforcement. Kekuatan tarik dari green composite pada fraksi volume 80%:10%:10%, 70%:15%:15%, 60%:20%:20% dan 50%:25%:25% berturut-turut sebesar 20,10 MPa, 28,25 MPa, 29,79 MPa dan 34,56 MPa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, material komposit berbahan dasar limbah dari styrofoam, ampas tebu dan cangkang telur memenuhi standar untuk dijadikan sebagai material alternatif sebagai rangka/frame dari drone.

Toughness and Fracture Surface of Frame of Drone Based on Composite from Waste Materials Mastariyanto Perdana; Rozi Saferi; Putri Pratiwi
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 9, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Application of green composites material is aerial egineering. Advantages of green composites material are lightweight and relatively strong. This reason that makes green composites can be applied in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). In this study, material of quadcopter frame was composites material that made of waste material from styrofoam, bagasse and eggshell. Styrofoam was used as binder of composite material. Bagasse and eggshell was used as reinforcement in green composite material. The investigation focused on effect of volume fraction on flying time of quadcopter that made of green composites material. This study showed that addition of eggshell powder in composites up 25% by volume fraction, result in decreasing the flying time of quadcopter. Addition of eggshell powder in composites up 25% by volume fraction, result in decreasing the porous of green composite. Porous structure affect the flying time of quadcopter based on green composite materials that made of waste material from styrofoam, bagasse and eggshell. Green composite based on styrofoam, bagasse and eggshell can be applied in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) materials.

Experimental Study on Flight Time and Frame Toughness of Quadcopter Based on Waste Polystyrene Paper Mastariyanto Perdana; Meiki Eru Putra; Farid Septio Matrilindo
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 10, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

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Application of natural composite materials for aerial fields has been widely developed. One of the uses of natural composite materials for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) frame. In this study, waste polystyrene paper, bagasse powder and eggsheel powder was used for material of UAV frame. Type of UAV was made in this study is quadcopter. Addition of volume fraction of waste polystyene paper to 65 % in green composite material. The aims this study was determine the flight time and toughness frame of quadcopter based on waste materials. This study showed that there was increase of quadcopter flight time with the addition of waste polystyrene paper in composites up 65% by volume fraction. Addition of waste polystyrene paper in composites up 65% by volume fraction, the results showed that the toughness frame of quadcopter was decreased. Photomacro was used to show the stucture and porosity of frame quadcopter based on natural composite material.

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