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Pengaruh Konsentrasi Dan Rasio Berat Grafena Pada Geopolimer Berbasis Limbah Fly Ash Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Dengan Aktivator KOH Malindo, Muhammad Eri; Amri, Amun; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 5 (2018): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2018
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Geopolimer is a synthesis of organic polymers with high concentrated alkaline activator reacting with SiO2 and Al2O3 in fly ash. Geopolimer can reduce the use of OPC and reducing solid waste (fly ash) the result of burning oil palm shells in the industry’s oleokimia at Riau Province. This research aims to make the fly ash-based factory geopolimer palm oil is obtained from PT. Bangun Tenera Riau (PT. BTR) with the addition of graphene as a fillerand determine the influence of the concentration of graphene and graphene weight ratio against the compressive strength, porosity, and morphological properties of geopolimer. The making of geopolimer include the preparation of fly ash and sand and then continued with the creation of alkaline activator (KOH + sodium silicate) with variation concentration ofgraphene 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml, 30 mg/ml, as well as the weight ratio of graphene 0 %wt, 0.1 %wt, 0.4 %wt, and 0.7 %wt. Raman Spectroscopy Analysis of graphene shows graphene produced during the process turbulance assisted shear exfoliation (TASE) is a few layer graphene (FLG). XRD analysis showed the highest intensity of graphene on geopolimer is1849.26 cts on 25.4112 °. The SEM analysis showed the increasing graphene, closer the structure of geopolymer. The value of compressive strength in addition concentrations of graphene 30 mg/ml and weight ratio of graphene 0.7 wt% i.e. 10.8 MPa with an increasingcompressive strength 74.19%. The value of the lowest porosity on the concentration of graphene 30 mg/ml and weight ratio of graphene 0.7% i.e. 5.92%.Keywords : fly ash, geopolimer, graphene, OPC, TASE
Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Minyak Biji Nyamplung Dengan Sintesis Katalis Basa Na2SiO3/Fe3O4 Bahar, Helmi; Saputra, Edy; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Biodiesel is an alternative energy to replace fossil fuels. It can be synthesized by transesterification process of palm oils. Commonly the process of producing biodiesel was used NaOH or KOH as homogeneous catalyst which has the disadvantage because the formation of side products such as soaps and complexity of the separation of catalyst. This research aims to derive biodiesel from seed calophyllum inophyllum oil (CIO) through transesterification using heterogeneous base catalyst Na2SiO3/Fe3O4. Catalyst Na2SiO3/Fe3O4 was synthesized from fly ash palm oil, sodium hydroxide, and iron powder. Condition operation the transesterification are molar ratio of oil:methanol 1:9 and loading catalyst 3%-w with under stirring 300 rpm. The highest yield of biodiesel is 89,48% under the transesterification reaction temperature 60 oC, reaction time 2 hours. Density (40°C) of biodiesel is 862,56 kg/m3, kinematic viscosity (40°C) is 3,54 mm2/s, flash point is 140°C and acid value is 0,50 mg-KOH/g-biodiesel.Keyword: Biodiesel, Esterification, Catalyst, seed calophyllum inophyllum oil (CIO) and Transesterification.
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit Dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Cangkang Telur Ayam Melalui Proses Sol Gel Dengan Variasi pH Dan Waktu Aging Alpina, Clara Shinta Asri; A, Yelmida; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
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Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO 4)6(OH)2 is a compound of calcium phospate which is a bioactive, biocompatible and bioresourable. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) can be used as a bone implant,adsorbents and catalysts. Hydroxyapatite synthesis can be performed by using raw materials which is rich in calcium such as egg shell. Calcium in the form of Calcium Carbonate(CaCO3) on the chicken egg shell in this study changed to be precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) through the process of carbonation. PCC from chicken egg shells used as a source of calcium in the synthesis of HAp with a sol gel method. In the synthesis of HAp, the varied of this method is pH (9; 10; and 11) and the aging time (24 hours; 48 hours; 72 hours). The analysis result of HAp synthesis with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that the apatite compound has been formed with the absorption of PO4 3- ion at the wave number 1,025. .The highest transmittance obtained on the sample at the pH 9 aging time 24 hours; pH 9 aging time 48 hours and pH 9 aging time 72 hours. Based on X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis, the best HAp obtained in pH 9 aging time 72 hours with monoclinic crystal structure, with particle size was 53.89 nm. The result of SEMEDX analysis showed the morphological form agglomerate. The mole ratio of Ca and P hydroxyapatite from PCC of egg shell was 1.52 and 2.755 m 2/g surface area.Keywords: Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC), Chicken Egg Shell, Hydroxyapatite, Sol gel Method, Aging Time
Perengkahan Katalitik Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) Menjadi Biofuel Dengan Katalis Abu TKS Variasi Temperatur Dan Berat Katalis Blesvid, Bloomy; Yelmida, Yelmida; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Technology of catalytic cracking process that has been widely used to process petroleum and  now used to process vegetable oil into biofuel. PFAD is a by-product of refining CPO process which has trigleceryde that can be converted into biofuel equivalent with fuel. PFAD cracking using ash palm empty fruit bunches (PEFB) catalyst with variation temperature and weight of catalyst. The purposes of the research is to obtain the operation condition such as the temperature and weight of catalyst to get the highest yield(%), to know the composition of the product, and to know physical properties product such as density, viscosity, and flash point. Weight of catalyst composition was varied from 0,5% to 2,5% wt with temperature range 350oC to 430 oC, rates of agitation 300 rpm, and the flowrate N2 is 150 ml/minute. Composition product analysed by GC- MS and the result is fractions fuel such as gasoline, kerosene, and diesel. The analysed showing that PFAD cracked into gasoline fraction with the highest yield is 54,3%. Key Words: Ash PEFB, biofuel, catalytic cracking, PFAD
Studi Polimerisasi Ester Dari Asam Lemak Sawit Distilat (ALSD) Menggunakan Inisiator Benzoil Peroksida 0,1 % Dwifirman, Widya; Zultiniar, Zultiniar; Bahruddin, Bahruddin
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
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Polyesters are polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain. In this research, used raw materias were Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) and methanol. PFAD as a byproduct of the processed of palm oil has great potential to be used as raw material for polyester products. The purpose of this research was study polymerization of ester from Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) using initiator of benzoyl peroxide 0,1%. There are two steps in this research, esterification reaction in the presence of sulfuric acid and the polymerization reaction with the help of benzoyl peroxide as initiator. Fixed variable used is the reactant composition of 1:8, speed of stirred 150 Rpm, composition of H2SO4 1% (w/w) PFAD and composition of benzoyl peroxide 0,1% (w/w) of methyl ester, while changed variable is the polymerization reaction time 3, 4 and 5 hours and polymerization reaction temperatures of 120, 130 and 140° C. Results of research on the esterification stage is obtained methyl ester with density 0,779 g/ml, viscosity 0,03746 cp and GC-MS analysis showed that the purity of methyl esters is 88,9%. GC-MS analysis sample after polymerization reaction showed that purity of methyl ester is 3,47%.Keywords : esterification, methyl ester, pfad, polymerization
Sintesis Dan Karakterisasi Hidroksiapatit (HAp) Dari Kulit Kerang Darah (Anadara Granosa) Dengan Proses Hidrotermal Khoirudin, Mukhlis; Yelmida, Yelmida; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a material that recently used as a filler and coating for bone and teeth implant. It is used as an implant because it has a good bioactive and biocompatible characteristics. HAp synthesis can be made by using material which is rich of CaCO3 like blood cockle shell (Anadara granosa) (98,7 %). In this research, blood cockle shell whichhas calcium source was synthesized to HAp by hydrothermal process. The size of blood cockle was varied (60, 100, 200 mesh) and reaction duration (16, 20, 24 hours). The outcome of synthesis was characterized by using with FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX. From FTIR, it showed that hydroxyapatite was formed with the presence of the peak from ion PO43- dan OH. The highest peak was obtained from 200 meshes of particle size for 24 hours. XRD results showed the peaks of hydroxyapatite diffraction pattern with HAp standard at angle 2θ is 10.8322°, 21.7774°, 25.9091°, 28.1308°, 34.1252° with JCPDS hydroxyapatite standard. The form of crystal was hexagonal. SEM-EDX showed the morphology size which was 10µm - 100µm range and 1,99in Ca/p ratio.  Keywords: Blood Cockle Shell,Synthesis,Hydroxyapatite, Hydrothermal Method.
Sintesis Hidroksiapatit dari Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Kulit Telur Ayam Melalui Proses Hidrotermal Yahya, Muhammad; Azis, Yelmida; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2016
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Hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 is a calcium phosphate compound which is bioactive ceramic material with high bioafinitas and the principal inorganic constituent of bones and teeth. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) materials used as bone implants, adsorbents and catalysts. In this research synthesis of hydroxyapatite can be made by using material which is rich of CaCO3 like PCC chicken’s egg shell with a composition of 99,45% CaCO3. PCC chicken’s egg shell which has calcium source was synthesized to HAp by hydrothermal process with varied of ratio Ca/P (1,57;1,67;1,77) and reaction temperature (140oC, 160oC, 180oC). HAp synthesized result has been analyzed using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The results of FTIR analysis, synthesis of HAp with hydrothermal method through precipitated calcium carbonat (PCC) showed the formation of hydroxyapatite in the presence of peaks PO43- dan OH-. The highest peak is obtained at reaction temperature 140oC with ratio Ca/P 1,57 and reaction temperature 160oC with ratio Ca/P 1,67. XRD diffraction results in hydroxyapatite get the highest purity obtained at temperature of 160oC at ratio 1,67 with a hexagonal crystal structures. The results of SEM-EDX analysis, show that the morphological form of agglomerates or clumping . The molar ratio of Ca/ P of hydroxyapatite which is made from chicken’s egg shell through the PCC is 1,69.Keywords: PCC Chicken’s Eggs Shell, pH, Temperature, Hydroxyapatite, Hydrothermal Method.
Sintesa Zeolit 4A Dari Kaolin Menggunakan Proses Peleburan Dengan Variasi Perbandingan Volume Reaktan Putra, Ryan Prakarsa; Akbar, Fajril; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2014
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Zeolite 4A can be used as phosphate replacement for detergents synthesis. It can be synthesized from calcined kaolinite . The results of the kaolin analysis indicated that composition of silica in kaolin larger than alumina, there for in the process of zeolite 4A synthesis need additional of alumina compound. In this research examine the possibility of kaolin as the source of silica in zeolite 4A synthesis with variations in the volume of reactants ( 20:80 , 40:60 , 50:50 , 60:40 , 80:20 ). The reactant compound was synthesis by reaction of sodium silicate (kaolin remelting with sodium hydroxide) and sodium aluminate . Zeolite 4A was synthesis by stirring up the sodium silicate with sodium aluminate for 2 hours until white gel formed. Then synthesized at 80 ⁰C temperature for 8 hours. The result of the synthesis filtered and washed with distilled water until neutral pH, and then dried in oven at 120⁰ C temperature for 3 hours. The forming of zeolite characterized by infrared spectrophotometry and X-ray diffractometer. Maximal zeolite 4A synthesized was form the variation of sodium silicate and sodium aluminate ratio at 60:40 with 1.53 ratio. The comparison of diffractogram concluded that zeolit synthesis in this study was zeolite 4A..  Keywords : Infrared Spectroscopy , Kaolin ,X-Ray Diffraction , Zeolite 4A
Kinetika Adsorpsi Pada Penjerapan Ion Timbal Pb2+ Terlarut Dalam Air Menggunakan Partikel Tricalcium Phosphate Maihendra, Maihendra; Fadli, Ahmad; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2016
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One of the heavy metals can pollute the water is metal ion of Pb2+. Concentration of ions Pb2+ can be removed by adsorption method. The purposes of tihis research are to observe the effect of temperature and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption of metal ion Pb2+ using tricalcium phosphate (TCP) adsorben and determine a suitable adsorption kinetic model. Five hundred mililiter Pb2+ solution with of 3mg/L were added 0,5 gr, 1 gr and 1,5 gr of TCP in a glass beaker and stirred with rate of 300 rpm at a temperature of 30 oC. Pb solution was taken at a certain time, the solution centrifuged and supernatant analyzed by AAS. The result Showed that rate of adsorption increased with temperature and adsorbent dosage. Minimum constant value of adsorption kinetic of adsorption kinetic was 1,720 g/mg.min obtained at temperature 30oC and adsorbent dosage 0,5 gr. Where as maximun value adsorption kinetic constant 8,479 g/mg.min obtained at temperature 30oC adsorbent dosage 1,5 gr. The appropiate model for kinetic followed pseudo second order.Keyword : Adsorption, Kinetic, Lead (Pb2+), Tricalcium phosphate
Sintesa Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) Dari Cangkang Kerang Darah ( Anadara Granosa) Dengan Variasi Jenis Asam Dan Waktu Karbonasi Zikri, Ahmed; Amri, Amun; Zultiniar, Zultiniar; Yelmida, Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2015
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Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC) can be synthesized from blood cockle shell through three methods, namely the method of solvay, soda caustic, and carbonation. The method used in this research that was the carbonation process in the modification, the use of acid solvent during the slaking process to obtain higher yields. The purpose of this research was to synthesize precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) of blood cockle shell by varying the type of solvent and acid carbonation time. A number of blood cockle shell powder was calcined at 900oC temperature to calcium oxide (CaO) form, then CaO was dissolved into some acid solvents (HNO3, HCl, and CH3COOH). Furthermore, the carbonation process with carbonation time variation 30, 60, and 90 minutes. Based on AAS analysis CaO content in the blood cockle shells was 76.66%, which detected as aragonite crystals. The highest yield of PCC was 84.42% for 90 minute carbonation time by using of HNO3 as solvent. For the XRD patterns it recognized that PCC contained mixture vaterit and calcite crystals. It also was supported by SEM analysis.Keywords: Blood cockle shell, Carbonation, Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC), Variations acid.
Co-Authors Ahmad Fadli Alpina, Clara Shinta Asri Amri, Idral Amun Amri Bahar, Helmi Bahruddin Bahruddin Blesvid, Bloomy Chairul Chairul Dirgantara, Doni Ari Drastinawati Drastinawati, Drastinawati Dwifirman, Widya Edy Saputra Elystia, Shintia Fajril Akbar Hasibuan, Nur Anisyah Handayani Hendra, Alfino Maihendra, Maihendra Malindo, Muhammad Eri Manalu, Bonita Restana Muhammad Yahya Mukhlis Khoirudin, Mukhlis Nisa, Aidina Fahrun Rozanna Sri Irianty Ryan Prakarsa Putra Silvia Reni Yenti Tanuwijaya, Michael W, Ririen Yelmida Azis Zikri, Ahmed