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Pembuatan Biodiesel Dari Bahan Baku Cpo (Crude Palm Oil) Dengan Reaksi Transesterifikasi Menggunakan Kolom Sentrifugal Kontaktor (Variasi temperatur Dan Waktu Reaksi) Erziza, Winny Noviami; Amri, Idral; Yenie, Elvi
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Wisuda Februari Tahun 2015
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Transesterification reaction is a reaction between oils (triglycerides) with alcohol to produce fatty acid alkyl esters and glycerol as a byproduct. Biodiesel is obtained by reacting vegetable oils or fats with methanol. So that the resulting product is known as the methyl ester. Due to, production of petroleum fuels is limited, it is necessary to develop a vegetable oil to produce biodiesel. One of the vegetable oil that can be used is derived from CPO (Crude Palm Oil) by using a column centrifugal contactor. In this study, biodiesel obtained by transesterification of CPO (Crude Palm Oil), using KOH catalyst. The process is conducted by variation of temperature (50ºC., 60°C, and 70ºC), and reaction time (0.5, 1 and 1.5 hours), with a fixed variable stirring speed of 300 rpm and a molar ratio of methanol / oil 6: 1, the concentration of catalyst KOH 1%wt. Based on the test results showed that the transesterification reaction time and temperature affected by the speed of reaction formation of biodiesel. The good operating conditions obtained in this study at temperature of 60°C, and the reaction time of 1.5 hours which resulted in the conversion reaction of 39,47%. The percentage of ester product area is 6.37% and 28,894% glycerol. Methyl ester product was obtained in the form of palmitate, dimethyl azelate, methyl myristate, methyl laurate, and methyl nonanoat. Characteristics of biodiesel produced in this study meets to the Indonesian Standards of biodiesel, with the value of the kinematic viscosity (40°C) 3.91 to 4.15 cSt, Density (40ºC) = 872.95 to 886.44kg/m3, and a flash point at 136ºC (min. 100ºC).Keywords: Crude Palm Oil, transesterification, biodiesel, column centrifugal contactor

Netralisasi Limbah Cair Industri Tahu Menggunakan Metoda Elektrokoagulasi Dengan Elektroda Al-Al Dengan Variabel Waktu Proses Dan Ketebalan Plat Nurjanah, Ihda; Amri, Idral; Irdoni, Irdoni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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The tofu factory located in Pangkalan Kerinci, Pelalawan District, produces 1 m3 of liquid waste every day and are immediately disposed of without going throught the processing before release to environment. The analysis shows that the liquid waste is not in accordance with Permen LH No. 5 2014. This will deerease the oxygen level in the water. The purpose of this study was to determine reduce levels of TSS, BOD and pH with plate thicknes and prosesing time. Neutralization of liquid waste of tofu industry. The electrocoagulation method was used to reduce BOD, TSS and neutralize pH by varying the time, plate thickness. The conclusions obtained are: (1) Time variation (20, 40 and 60 minutes), and effective time is 60 minutes, current strength of 0.6 A decreases 72% BOD concentration, TSS 69.9% and pH becomes 6.01. (2) Variation in plate thickness (0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 mm), and effective plate thickness of 1 mm at 60 minutes can reduce BOD concentration 73.14%, TSS 68.78%, pH becomes 6.83. The results of the research obtained are in accordance with Permen LH No.5 of 2014.Keywords :Tofu Liquid Waste, Electrocoagulation, BOD, TSS, pH.

Praperancangan Pabrik Metil Ester Dari CPO (Crude Palm Oil) Dengan Disain Alat Utama Reaktor Transesterifikasi Frimacia, Tifanny; Amri, Idral
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 8 (2021): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2021
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Along with the development of the era, the need for fuel oil is increasing. The development of research and the use of diesel motors in industry will not stop just because of the depletion of fossil fuels. The search for alternative fuels as a substitute for diesel continues to be carried out in addition to dealing with the problems of the global energy and environmental crisis as well as helping to develop automotive technology as a work of human culture. Methyl ester is a biofuel that can be used to power diesel engines. The availability of fuel oil derived from petroleum is running low and the price is increasing so that alternative fuel sources are needed. One of the substitutes for conventional fuels from petroleum is vegetable oil. Methyl ester is produced using a transesterification reaction by changing the triglycerides which are reacted with one of the alcohol compounds, namely methanol to become methyl ester, and a production capacity of 250,000 tons / year is obtained. The main design tool is the CSTR (Continuous Flow Stirred-Tank Reactor) reactor which is used as a place for the transesterification reaction between triglycerides and methanol to produce methyl ester (main product) and glycerol (by-product). The operating temperature used is 333.15K. Based on the calculation results, the reactor volume is 57.28 m3, the reactor diameter (OD) is 168 in m with torispherical flanged and dished head and skirt support. Keywords: Methyl ester, reactor, transesterification, triglycerides.

Pengaruh Tekanan Operasi Membran Dalam Pengolahan Air Limbah Pulp Dan Kertas Eufransia, Lamria; Pinem, Jhon Armedi; Amri, Idral
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Membrane technology is an effective technology to purify wastewater. The objective of the research is to determine the performance of the ultrafiltration for removal of BOD5, COD and TSS from wastewater of pulp and paper industry. This research has been conducted on wastewater treatment of pulp and paper industry with ultrafiltration process using poly aluminium chloride as a coagulant. Wastewater purified by ultrafiltration membranes with a variation of operating pressure 1.0 bar; 2.0 bar; and 3,0 bar. The result show that ultrafiltration process removed 78,93% of BOD5; 84,22% of COD; and 88,64% of TSS with flux value of 65,95 L/m2.jam at 3,0 bar. Keywords: Pulp and paper wastewater, poly aluminum chloride,rejection, ultrafiltration

Pengaruh Laju Alir Dan Tegangan Pada Pengolahan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Dengan Metode Reaktor Elektrik Kontinu Handayani, Della; Amri, Idral; Herman, Syamsu
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Palm oil mill effluent continues to grow along with palm oil production in Indonesia. Palm oil mill effluent treatment has been using anaerobic ponds which are not efficient due to the require large areas of land and due to greenhouse gases because they produce CO2. Electrocoagulation is an alternative technology and advanced technology in treating palm oil mill effluent. Electrocoagulation is a method of coagulation using direct current through the electrochemical process. This research discusses the variation of voltage and flow rate using reactor methods with pollutant parameters such as biological chemical demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids and acidity (pH). The type of electrodes used is aluminum with voltage variations of 5, 7 and 9 volts and flow rate variations of 3,36; 4,32; and 7,5 L/hour. The sample used came from PTPN V Sei Galuh in Riau. The results obtained by the highest percentage of reduction in BOD were 84.76%; COD of 83.38%; TSS of 88.73% at a voltage of 9 volts and a flow rate of 3,36 L/hour. The results of this research are in accordance with the standard quality standards for palm oil mill effluent in the Minister of Environment Regulation number 5 of 2014. Keywords: BOD, COD, electrocoagulation, TSS, pH.

Sintetis Pembuatan Briket Menggunakan Limbah Buangan Pulp Tanuwijaya, Michael; Amri, Idral; Zultiniar, Zultiniar
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 7 (2020): Edisi 2 Juli s/d Desember 2020
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Indonesia is one of the largest paper producing and exporting countries in the world. Along with the increase in paper production causes an increase in solid waste originating from the reject pulp. The reject pulp has the potential to produce energy because it still contains high cellulose content of around 85.16% which is able to support the provision of usable and environmentally friendly fuel. The purpose of this study was to use of reject pulp as fuel in the form of briquettes by mixing coconut shell charcoal as cofiring and CPO sludge as an adhesive. Briquettes will mixed with a variety of composition of reject pulp and coconut shell charcoal cofiring from 80%: 0%, 20%: 60%, 30%: 50%, 50%: 30%, 60%: 20%, and 0%: 80% , for adhesive 20% while 90%: 0%, 30%: 60%, 40%: 50%, 50%: 40%, 60%: 30%, 70%: 20% and 90%: 0% for adhesive 10 % of the total briquette weight which is ± 2 grams. The briquettes that have been form must qualified to the quality standards of SNI for wood charcoal (No.1 / 6235/2000) where after being tested only a few compositions have qualified the standards, for the reject pulp composition and coconut shell charcoal cofiring from 0:90, 30:60 40:50 with an adhesive composition of 10% and a composition of 0:80, 20:60, 30:50 with an adhesive composition of 20%, with the highest calorific value of 5274 cal/g and ash content of 2.65%. Key words: Briquettes, Coconut shell charcoal, CPO sludge, Reject pulp,

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