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All Journal Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Zulfitri, Apriwi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemistry Education Mathematics Physics

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PRODUCTION OF CONIDIA BY ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI AND THEIR PATHOGENICITY AGAINST COPTOTERMES SP. Zulfiana, Deni; Zulfitri, Apriwi; Lestari, Anis Sri; Krishanti, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu; Meisyara, Dita
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 1 (2020): April 2020 Article-in-Press
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i1.22435

Abstract

Entomopathogenic fungi have the potential to infect most arthropods including termites which are economically important major insects pest of wood, wood products and building structures. However, the application of this fungus in the field has not shown satisfactory results yet, one of which is constrained in mass production of conidia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 16 types of biodegradable products and waste as substrates for mass production of conidia using solid state fermentation method and two types of inoculum namely solid and liquid inoculum. Toxicity tests were carried out on subterranean termites (Coptotermes sp.) based on JIS K 1571, 2010. The parameters observed were the number and dry weight of the conidia produced, conidial viability, nutrient content of the substrate, and percentage of termite mortality. The results showed that rice, sorghum and corn were the best media for the growth of entomopathogenic fungi based on the number of conidia and dry weight of the conidia produced. Metarhizium sp. T4.B23 produced the highest number of conidia, 1.12 x 1011 conidia/100 g substrate and yielded 180.9 ± 0.623 g dry conidia/kg of rice; followed by Metarhizium sp. B2.2 grown on sorghum that resulted in 1.11 x 1010 conidia/100 g substrates and 8 ± 0.570 g /kg sorghum; and B. bassiana produced 8.3 x 109 conidia/100 g substrate and 31.24 ± 0.407 gr/ kg sorghum. Metarhizium sp. B2.2 showed the highest toxicity to termites with 100% mortality was observed within the second day of testing. Therefore the conidia of Metahizium sp. B2.2 is potential to be developed as a biopesticide using rice or sorghum substrate as a carrier.
EVALUATING THE EFFICACY OF CITRONELLA ESSENTIAL OIL (Cymbopogon nardus) AS A CONTROL AGENT FOR WAREHOUSE RICE WEEVIL (Sitophilus oryzae) Hariani, Nova; Lestari, Rina; Zulfitri, Apriwi
Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA Vol 15, No 3 (2024): September 2024
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jpmipa.v15i3.80589

Abstract

Sitophilus oryzae or rice weevil is a primary pest of rice that is very detrimental. Pest control that is usually carried out is fumigation using phosphine gas and fumigation using methyl bromide. The use of insecticides has several negative impacts on humans and the environment, so it is necessary to control pests naturally, namely using citronella essential oil. Citronella essential oil contains high levels of citronella and geraniol compounds and these compounds are contact toxic and antifeedant against insects. This research aims to determine the effect of citronella essential oil on mortality using the fumigation method and the response of rice lice to citronella essential oil in the flourdisc bioassay test. This research was carried out at the insect pest control and biodetriosation and formulation laboratory, using a completely randomized plan. The results showed that citronella oil was classified as effective in controlling the population of S. oryzae with a mortality of 41% using fumigation method and had anti-feedant properties compared to the control in the flour disk assay test. In the flourdisc bioassay method, the percentage of 2 gr/L influences the low relative growth rate, relative consumption rate and conversion efficiency of consumed food and the food prevention index continues to increase. Citronella essential oil has potential and effectiveness as a control for the warehouse pest rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae).
Co-Authors Deni Zulfiana Himmi, Setiawan Khoirul Ismayati, Maya Kartika, Titik Krishanti, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu Lestari, Anis Sri Meisyara, Dita Nova Hariani Rina Lestari Tarmadi, Didi