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Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengukur Kecepatan Kendaraan Menggunakan Sensor Magnetik Ramdhani, Aris; Aminudin, Ahmad; Danawan, Agus
Wahana Fisika Vol 2, No 1 (2017): JUNI
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/wafi.v2i1.7021

Abstract

Data kecepatan kendaran di jalan raya sangat berpengaruh bagi keamanan dan keselamatan pengguna jalan raya. Kemajuan tekhnologi sensor sangat membantu dalam mengukur kecepatan kendaraan dengan otomatis. Metode yang umum dipakai ialah metode dengan menggunakan dua buah rangkaian sensor yang sudah diatur pada jarak tertentu. Sensor digunakan sebagai pendeteksi keberadaan kendaraan. Data kecepatan kendaraan didapatkan dengan mencari selang waktu yang dibutuhkan kendaraan melaju dari sensor pertama menuju sensor kedua. Saat kendaraan melaju melewati sensor maka sinyal keluaran sensor menjadi acuan perhitungan waktu start dan stop. Berbagai jenis sensor yang sudah digunakan ialah sensor LDR, sensor ultrasonic, sensor laser, sensor loop induktif dan sensor kamera. Setiap sensor yang sudah dipergunakan memiliki berbagai jenis kekurangan dalam mendeteksi kendaraan pada jalan raya. Oleh karena itu penulis memunculkan ide baru dengan menggunakan sensor magnetik yang memiliki faktor gangguan eksternal yang rendah. Sensor magnetik yang digunakan ialah sensor Giant MagnetoResistance (GMR). Perancangan sistem pengukur kecepatan kendaraan yang penulis lakukan berupa sebuah prototype. Hasil pengujian sistem pengukur kecepatan kendaraan menggunakan sensor magnetik GMR menunjukan respon yang bagus saat pengujian dilakukan pada jarak 30cm dan 70cm antara dua buah sensor GMR.Data speed of vehicles on the highway are very influential to the security and safety of users of the highway. Advances in sensor technology is very helpful in measuring the speed of vehicles with automatic. A common method used is the method by using two sensor circuit which is set at a certain distance. The sensor is used as a detector for the exixtance of the vehicle. Vehicle speed data obtained by finding the time required vehicles drove from the first sensor to the second sensor. When the vehicle drove past the sensor, the sensor output signal to be a reference calculation start and stop time. Many types of sensors that have been used are LDR sensors, ultrasonic sensors, laser sensors, inductive loop sensors and camera sensors. Each of the sensor is already used to have various types of shortcomings in detecting vehicles on highways. Therefore, the authors bring up new ideas by using a magnetic sensor that has a low external noise factor. The type of sensor used magnetic sensor is giant magnetoresistance (GMR). Measuring system design vehicle speed that the author did such a prototype. The results of testing measuring vehicle speed using the GMR sensor showed a good response when testing is done at a distance of 30cm and 70cm between the two GMR sensors.
Survival Rate of Critically Ill Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients on Tracheostomy in Indonesia Ramdhani, Aris; Aditianingsih, Dita; Zahra, Raihanita; Putra, Muhammad A; Soeharto, Wuryantoro; Kwa, Melvin D.B.
The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Introduction. During COVID-19 global pandemic, tracheostomy is often performed on critically ill COVID-19 patients. There is no available data on the survival rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients on tracheostomy in Indonesia. This study aimed to find the survival rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients on tracheostomy in Indonesia. Methods. A descriptive survival analysis study enrolled critically ill COVID-19 patients in RSUI who underwent a tracheostomy procedure. Baseline data, including clinical characteristics and laboratory findings before tracheostomy, were recorded. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier plot. Results. Forty-two subjects were enrolled in the study: 25 males (59.5%) and 17 females (40.5%). The median age was 57 (26 – 72) years. Subjects with diabetes mellitus or hypertension were 78.6% and 78.6% with BMI >25 kg/m2. The mean duration of intubation was 16.24 ±7.62 days, the median duration of tracheostomy before the outcome was 8 (0 – 53) days. There were 9.5% of subjects survived and were discharged. The median survival time was 8 (0 – 53). In the first 15 days after tracheostomy procedures, those who were deceased were 75% of the subjects. Conclusion. In this study, the survival rate of critically ill COVID-19 patients on tracheostomy remains low. Another study to evaluate the cause of the low survival rate of critically ill patients with COVID-19 on tracheostomy is required.