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Lelono, Arthur A.
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Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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ACCLIMATION AND AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF POLYPLOIDS CLONES OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. Rahman, Wiguna; Hafiizh, Erwin Al; Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Rantau, Deritha Ellfy; Lelono, Arthur A.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 13, No 1 (2017): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v13i1.3092

Abstract

ABSTRACTSomatic cell manipulation of Artemisia annua L. was conducted by induction of polyploid plants with Colchicine and Oryzalin in order to increase level of artemisinin. Polyploid plantlets were multiplied on MS medium without plant growth regulators. After acclimation processes, plants were grown in the field for agronomic performance observation. Survival rate of plantlets was recorded. Agronomic performance of plants was observed by recording height of plants, number of branches, leaf biomass, stomatal characteristics, and artemisinin content. The results showed that survival rate of the plantlets from Colchicine and Oryzalin treatments were ranging from 13.40 to 33.33% and 11.11 to 41.67%, respectively. Growth rates of plant height and plant branching were not significantly different between diploid and tetraploid plant both from Colchicine and Oryzalin treatments, except to triploid plants from Colchicine treatment. Averages of plant height from Colchicine and Oryzalin treatments were ranging from 10.0 to 220.0 cm and from 35.0 to 186.0 cm, respectively. The averages number of branches per plant of polyploid plants from Colchicine and Oryzalin treatments were ranging from 3 to 66 and from 11 to 63, respectively. Averages of dry leaves biomass between diploid and tetraploid plant from Colchicine and Oryzalin treatments were also not significantly different. They were ranging from 12 to 64 g/plant and from 11 to 62 g/plant, respectively. However, tetraploid clones have bigger size of stomata and produced more artemisinin than the diploids.Keywords: Artemisia annua L, Colchicine, Oryzalin, Polyploids, Acclimation, Agronomic performance
THE EFFECTS OF NPK FERTILIZER, MANURE AND VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA (VAM) ON THE GROWTH, BIOMASS AND ARTEMISININ CONTENT OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. Rahman, Wiguna; Widyatmoko, Didik; Lelono, Arthur A.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 10, No 2 (2014): Jurnal Biologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v10i2.2107

Abstract

Most artemisinin is extracted from an annual herb Artemisia annua L. but the cultivation in Indonesia is limited bythe low yield of the artemisin incontent that is not economically beneficial to industry. Improvement on cultivatedvarieties and cultivation techniques is therefore needed. This work aims to improve the cultivation techniques byevaluating the application effects of NPK, manure, and VAM on the artemisinin yield of A. annua. The experimentwas set using a Split Split Plot Design involving three factors. First factor was the application of four dosages ofNPK (0 kg ha-1 as a control; 40:40:40 kg ha-1; 80:80:80 kg ha-1; and 120:120:120 kg ha-1). Second factor wasmanure addition (using 0 ton ha-1 and 150 tons ha-1). Third factor wasthe application of mycorrhiza (0 g plant-1and15 g plant-1). The experiment was divided into three different groups based on the seed sources (Bandung, Cibodas,and Tawangmangu plants) using similar treatments. The results showed that the plant growth (Relative GrowthRates/RGR of plant heights and number of branches), leaf yield, and total plant biomass were much affected byNPK. The addition of manure has less significant effect on those parameters. Only VAM seems to influence theartemisinin content. The highest artemisinin yield (5 kg ha-1) was relatively low when compared to the productionin USA, China, and Brazil. However the result shows that a low fertilizer input of 40:40:40 kg NPK ha-1 and aninoculation of VAM were recommended for cultivating A. annua resulting a significantly high yield of artemisinin.Keywords: Artemisia annua L., Artemisinin content, NPK, Manure, VAM, Plant Growth, Biomass
Co-Authors DIDIK WIDYATMOKO Hafiizh, Erwin Al Rantau, Deritha Ellfy Tri Muji Ermayanti Wiguna Rahman