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PENERAPAN DESAIN EKSPERIMEN TAGUCHI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PRODUKSI BATU BATA DARI SEKAM PADI Aprilyanti, Selvia; Suryani, Faizah
J@ti Undip : Jurnal Teknik Industri Vol 15, No 2 (2020): Mei 2020
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Industri, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (505.025 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jati.15.2.102-108

Abstract

Sekam padi adalah limbah pertanian yang merupakan hasil penggilingan padi dan hampir terdapat di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Sekam padi dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti sebagian agregat atau pengisi dalam pembuatan batu bata ringan sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi bangunan rumah dan gedung. Permasalahan dalam penelitian adalah belum adanya komposisi yang baku untuk pembuatan batu bata ringan yang berbahan sekam padi, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian sebagai evaluasi terhadap komposisi secara statistik kemudian dilakukan perbaikan pada proses pembuatannya. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain eksperimen Taguchi untuk menentukan komposisi yang tepat dan optimal dengan memvariasikan parameter faktor pendukung dalam pembuatan batu bata ringan dari sekam padi yaitu komposisi bahan baku dan waktu penjemuran. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah signal to Noise Ratio dan ANOVA yang diusulkan oleh Taguchi. Perancangan parameter Taguchi yang digunakan adalah Orthogonal Array dengan 2 level dan 4 faktor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi karakteristik kualitas kuat tekan pada bata ringan dari sekam padi yaitu rasio faktor antara semen, pasir, sekam padi dan waktu penjemuran. Berdasarkan anova menunjukkan dari keempat faktor tersebut yang memiliki pengaruh signifikan yaitu semen, sekam padi, dan waktu penjemuran sebesar 92,70 %, sedangkan faktor pasir  tidak mempengaruhi kuat tekan bata ringan secara signifikan. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam  pembuatan bata ringan dapat menggunakan  sekam padi sebagai bahan pengisi dengan formulasi berdasarkan SNR Larger the better yaitu A2B2C2D1.
Application of taguchi experiment design to reduce lignin contents of rice straw Aprilyanti, Selvia; Suryani, Faizah; Azhari, Azhari
International Journal of Industrial Optimization Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (50.99 KB) | DOI: 10.12928/ijio.v1i2.2400

Abstract

The Taguchi experimental design is an experimental design to get the quality of an object by providing the best design at the procurement stage. In this case, the Taguchi design was applied to reduce the contents of lignin from rice straw, where lignin is one of the rice straw components that useless which must be reduced or eliminated. Rice straw is composed of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. The existence of lignin components that become a protective wall will inhibit the activity of cellulose, and hemicellulose for further processing to produce some fermented products such as bio-gas, bio-ethanol, bio-plastics, and others. The process of decreasing lignin content from rice straw is done in ozonolysis. In this study, Taguchi's experimental design analysis was using the application of MINITAB 14 which used for statistical calculation and create a level setting in a tabular form of arrays called orthogonal arrays. The orthogonal array matrix used is L9 (33 ) which states that the process was conducted 9 times with variations of 3 factors and 3 levels. The factors that influence the decrease in lignin levels include sample size, ozone flow rate, and contact time. The results showed that the smallest lignin content was carried out at 80 mesh sample size, the ozone flow rate of 3 L / Min, and contact time for 10 minutes.
Pengaruh penambahan bioetanol dari mahkota nanas terhadap emisi gas buang pada mesin motor 4 langkah Aprilyanti, Selvia; Madagaskar, Madagaskar; Suryani, Faizah
TURBO [Tulisan Riset Berbasis Online] Vol 9, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Turbo Desember 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/trb.v9i2.1168

Abstract

Bioethanol is ethanol derived from plants that contain cellulose such as cassava, corn and sugar cane. The use of bioethanol aims to overcome the scarcity of fuel and reduce the use of fossil oil ingredients in Indonesia. The introduction of alternative energy is optimized by mixing fossil fuels with bioethanol. Therefore, the use of bioethanol as a renewable fuel is very good if because pure bioethanol has a high octane value of 118. Besides, bioethanol is also able to reduce the amount of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, decrease Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) and hydrocarbon emissions compared to ordinary gasoline fuel. In this research, a mixture of Pertamax and Bioethanol with a mixture of variations, among others: pure Pertamax (E0), Pertamax mixture and bioethanol 5% (E5), bioethanol 10% (E10), and bioethanol 15% (E15). The fuel testing was carried out at the Environmental Service Laboratory using a 4-stroke Yamaha motorcycle brand. Mixing bioethanol as a fuel can reduce exhaust emissions from the combustion of motorcycle fuel 4 steps in all tests. The best test results obtained on the composition of the E10 fuel mixture with CO levels of 2.06%, CO2 levels of 6.96% and HC of 75 ppm.Keywords : Bioethanol, Gas Emissions, Hydrocarbons, Carbon Monoxide, Pertamax
Peningkatan Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Biologi melalui Group Investigation Suryani, Faizah
Paedagogie Vol 15 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31603/paedagogie.v15i2.4169

Abstract

Abstract Student biology learning outcomes are still low (under the KKM) caused by several things, both those originating from students, teachers and facilities and infrastructure that are underutilized. The purpose of this class action research is to increase the learning activities and learning outcomes of students after participating in the biology learning process with a GI (Group Investigation) type of cooperative learning model. The research method used was Classroom Action Research which was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle consists of three meetings and four stages, namely planning, action, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were 30 students of Class XI MIPA-2, consisting of 7 men and 23 women. The research instrument used was a test of learning outcomes in the form of objective tests in the form of multiple choice and essays or descriptions. The results showed that the application of the GI (Group Investigation) type of cooperative learning model could increase students' learning activities and outcomes. The results of the first cycle of activity amounted to 76.67 percent, classical learning completeness 80 percent with an average of 74.61. And in the second cycle of activity by 90 percent, classical learning completeness 93.33 percent with an average of 80.83 Thus the second cycle has met the target achievement indicator (IPH), because it has reached more than 85 percent. There is a correlation (relationship) with the high category between activity and learning outcomes, which is 0.820 in cycle I and 0.854 in cycle 2.
Perlakuan Pengolahan Bahan Baku pada Instalasi Biogas di Kelurahan Sematang Borang Kota Palembang Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Pratiwi, Irnanda; Andalia, Winny; Madagaskar, Madagaskar; Suryani, Faizah; Aprilyanti, Selvia
IGKOJEI: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol 2 No 2 (2021): IGKOJEI: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat
Publisher : Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Papua

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46549/igkojei.v2i2.229

Abstract

ABSTRACT RT 04 Sematang Borang Village has utilized a biogas installation to process cow manure into both solid and liquid organic fertilizer and also produce biogas. The biogas fermentation process and organic fertilizer processing experienced problems due to the grass within the cow manure entering the digester, which was caused by a leak in the digester cover and the low quality of organic fertilizer produced in the outlet tub. This community service activity aims to treat waste raw materials so that the fermentation process can take place optimally. The presence of animal feed or grass in the inlet tub will interfere with the fermentation process and cause the digester lid to leak. In the implementation of this community service program, the focus is on improving the digester and adding tools to aid the process of separating cow dung raw materials so that the fermentation process can be optimized. The biogas formation process requires an airtight, oxygen-free, or anaerobic (closed) space. Treatment is done by separating cow manure raw materials from feed grass by using a filter to produce good raw materials in the biogas fermentation process. So that cow manure that enters the digester can be fermented optimally. Keywords: Biogas; Digester; Fermentation; Cow Manure ABSTRAK RT 04 Kelurahan Sematang Borang, sudah menggunakan instalasi biogas yang gunanya untuk mengolah kotoran ternak sapi menjadi pupuk organik padat dan cair serta juga menghasilkan biogas. Proses fermentasi biogas dan pengolahan pupuk organik ini mengalami kendala yang disebabkan rumput kotoran sapi yang masuk ke dalam digester yang disebabkan oleh bocornya tutup digester serta belum maksimalnya kualitas pupuk organik yang dihasilkan pada bak outlet rendah. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan treatment pada bahan baku limbah sehingga proses fermentasi dapat berlangsung optimal. Adanya pakan ternak atau rumput di dalam bak inlet akan mengganggu proses fermentasi dan menyebabkan tutup digester bocor. Pada kegiatan pelaksanaan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini difokuskan pada perbaikan digester dan penambahan alat untuk proses pemisahan bahan baku kotoran sapi agar proses fermentasi lebih maksimal. Proses pembentukan biogas membutuhkan ruang yang kedap udara, tanpa oksigen atau anaerob (tertutup). Perlakuan pengolahan (treatment) dengan pemisahan bahan baku kotoran sapi dengan rumput pakan dengan menggunakan alat penyaring untuk menghasilkan bahan baku yang baik pada proses fermentasi biogas. Sehingga kotoran sapi yang masuk ke dalam digester dapat difermentasi secara maksimal. Kata kunci: Biogas; Digester; Fermentasi; Kotoran Sapi