Safi'i, Farhan Fikri
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural sciences State University of Surabaya

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Journal : Unesa Journal of Chemistry

PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH PADAT PROSES SINTESIS PEMBUATAN FURFURAL DARI SEKAM PADI SEBAGAI ARANG AKTIF (UTILIZATION OF SOLID WASTE OF FURFURAL SYNTHESIS PROCESS FROM RICE HUSK AS CARBON ACTIVE) Safi'i, Farhan Fikri; Mitarlis, Mitarlis
Unesa Journal of Chemistry Volume 2, Number 2, 2013
Publisher : Unesa Journal of Chemistry

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Abstract

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik arang aktif dari limbahpadat proses sintesis furfural berbahan dasar sekam padi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 tahap,tahap pertama adalah persiapan limbah padat, tahap kedua adalah pembuatan dankarakteristik arang aktif. Persiapan limbah padat dilakuakan dengan cara mensintesis furfuraldari sekam padi dengan metode refluks. Pembuatan arang aktif dilakukan dengan karbonasipada suhu 300OC dan aktivasi menggunakan H2SO4, HCl dan H3PO4. Karaktersitik arangaktif dilakukan dengan uji kadar air, kadar abu, daya adsorpsi terhadap I2 dan penentuangugus fungsi menggunakan FT-IR, hasil yang diperoleh dibandingan dengan SNI No. 06-3730-1995 dan teori. Dari uji karakteristik diperoleh % kadar air arang aktif tanpa aktivator5,06%, dengan aktivator H2SO4, HCl dan H3PO4 masing-masing 4,75; 0,687%; dan 0,42%.% Kadar abu arang aktif tanpa aktivator 62,1%, dengan aktivator H2SO4, HCl dan H3PO4masing-masing 41,5%; 29,6%; dan 60,56%. Daya adsorbsi arang aktif I2 tanpa aktivator dandengan aktivator H2SO4, HCl dan H3PO4 masing-masing 105,82mg/g; 219,120mg/g;225,660mg/g; dan 207,311mg/g. Hasil spektra FT-IR arang aktif yang dhasilkan memilikispektra yang hampir mirip dengan teori yaitu pada arang aktif terdapat pita serapan padabilangan gelombang 3434,05-3424,51 cm-1 muncul vibrasi ulur pada gugus O-H. Vibrasi inididukung pita serapan pada bilangan gelombang 1620,52-1630,15 cm-1 merupakan vibrasiC=C. Pada bilangan gelombang 1696,66-1099,39 cm-1 merupakan vibrasi C-O. Dari hasilpenelitian karakter yang sesuai dengan SNI No. 06-3730-1995 hanyalah kadar air. Nilai kadarabu dan daya adsorpsi terhadap I2 belum sesuai dengan SNI, dikarenakan masih banyaknyapengotor berupa senyawa anorganik pada arang aktif yang dihasilkan.Kata kunci: karakteristik arang aktif, limbah padat furfural, sekam padiAbstract. The aim of this research is to know the characteristic of active carbon from solidwaste of furfural synthesis process from rice husk as raw materials. This research concis oftwo processes. The first process is solid waste preparation while the second process is makingand defining the characteristic of active carbon. Solid waste preparation was done bysynthesizing furfural from the rice husk by reflux method. Active carbon making was doneby carbonating with temperature of 300oC and activating using H2SO4, HCl and H3PO4.Defining of carbon active characteristic was done by water percentage test, ash percentage, I2adsorption capacity and functional groups determination using FT-IR. The result wasobtained was compared with theory and SNI No. 06-3730-1995. Characteristic result wasobtained the active carbon water percentage without activator is 5,06%, while using H2SO4,HCl and H3PO4 activator is 4,75; 0,687%; and 0,42%. Ash percentage without activator was 62.1%, while using H2SO4, HCl and H3PO4 activator were 41,5%; 29,6%; and 60,56%. I2adsorption capacity without and using HCl, H2SO4 and H3PO4 activator were 105,82mg/g;219,120mg/g; 225,660mg/g; and 207,311mg/g. The result of FT-IR carbon active spectra wassimilar with theory that is at the carbon active spectra has absorption band at the wavelength3434,05-3424,51 cm-1 occur stretching vibration. This vibration is supported with absorptionband at the wavelength 1620.52-1630.15 cm-1 was C=C vibration. At the wavelength1696.66-1099.39 cm-1 was C-O vibration. From the result of this research, the characteristicthat appropriating with SNI No. 06-3730-1995 is the percentage of water only. The value ofash percentage and I2 adsoprtion capacity is not appropriate with SNI yet, caused by thepresence of polluter as anorganic substance in the caron active roduced.Keywords: carbon active, furfural solid wate, rice husk