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HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN LAMA PERSALINAN KALA II PADA IBU INPARTU DI BLUD RSU TENRIAWARU KABUPATEN BONE TAHUN 2016 Mutmainnah, Mutmainnah; Novianti, Ita
(Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat) Vol 6, No 1 (2021): JIMKesmas (Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat)
Publisher : Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37887/jimkesmas.v6i1.16512

AbstrakKecemasan menghadapi persalinan merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat mempengaruhi lancar tidaknyaproses persalinan. Kecemasan menjadi suatu keadaan yang dapat menyebabkan ibu bersalin mengalamiperasaan cemas, rasa takut dan sakit menimbulkan stress yang mengakibatkan pengeluaran adrenalin, hal inimengakibatkan penyempitan pembuluh darah dan mengurangi aliran darah yang membawa oksigen ke rahimsehingga terjadi penurunan kontraksi rahim yang akan menyebabkan memanjangnya waktu persalinan.Peneiltian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat kecemasan dengan lama persalinan kala II pada ibuinpartu di BLUD RSU Tenriawaru. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dan di laksanakan pada bulanMei 2016 di BLUD RSU Tenriawaru dengan melibatkan populasi berjumlah 163 ibu bersalin yang tercatat di ruangbersalian tenriawaru. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 53 ibu yang memenuhi kriteria, yang di ambilmenngunakan teknik purpossive sampling. Hasil peneltian ada hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Bersalin denganLama Persalinan Kala II. Analisis univariat sebagian besar ibu bersalin mengalami kecemasan sedang (84,9) danibu bersalin mengalami kecemasan berat (15,1%),dan diketahui bahwa sebagian besar ibu bersalin mengalamikala II cepat (84,9%), yang mengalami kala II lama (15,1%). Analisis Bivariat Menunjukkan sebagian besarresponden mengalami tingkat kecemasan (84,9%) 44 responden mengalami kala II cepat 1 diantaranyamengalami kala II lama, sedangkan ibu dengan kecemasan berat terdapat 8 (15,1%) responden 7 ibu megalamikejadian kala II lama dan 1 (satu) di antaranya mengalami kala II cepat , nilai Continuity Correction p= 0,000 < Î±= 0,05 sehingga dapat di simpulkan ada hubungan antara tingkat kecemasan ibu bersalin dengan lama persalinankala II di BLUD RSU Tenriawaru Kabupaten Bone.Kata Kunci : Tingkat Kecemasan , Lama persalinan kala II

Pengaruh Terapi Akupresur terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III Novianti, Ita; Safitri Muchtar, Asrianti
Jurnal Bidan Cerdas Vol. 3 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/jbc.v3i3.467

Introduction: The prevalence of pregnancy anxiety is around 14-54%, highest in the first and third trimesters. Acupressure attracts attention as a non-pharmacological therapy for natural relaxation. The research aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on anxiety levels. Method: This study was conducted at the Health Centers of Tamalanrea Jaya and Antang, the study used a quasi-experimental design with the pre and post test approach in the intervention group and the control group. The total of research subjects 40 trimester III pregnant mothers who had experience anxiety. The intervention group (21 samples) with acupressure therapy and the control group (19 samples) with placebo therapy. Measuring anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Result: in the intervention group, the mean of anxiety before the intervention was 26.6 and after the intervention was 22.3 (p value <0.001), while in the control group it was 26.1 before and 25.1 after the intervention (p value = 0.072). The mean reduction in pregnancy anxiety level in the intervention group was more significant than the control group. Conclusion: Acupressure therapy has a significant effect on decreasing anxiety levels in pregnant mothers in the intervention group (p<0.001) and acupressure therapy can be used as one of the effective non-pharmacological methods to reduce symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy.

Pengaruh Terapi Akupresur terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III Ita Novianti; Asrianti Safitri Muchtar
Jurnal Bidan Cerdas Vol. 3 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33860/jbc.v3i3.467

Introduction: The prevalence of pregnancy anxiety is around 14-54%, highest in the first and third trimesters. Acupressure attracts attention as a non-pharmacological therapy for natural relaxation. The research aims to determine the effect of acupressure therapy on anxiety levels. Method: This study was conducted at the Health Centers of Tamalanrea Jaya and Antang, the study used a quasi-experimental design with the pre and post test approach in the intervention group and the control group. The total of research subjects 40 trimester III pregnant mothers who had experience anxiety. The intervention group (21 samples) with acupressure therapy and the control group (19 samples) with placebo therapy. Measuring anxiety using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS). Result: in the intervention group, the mean of anxiety before the intervention was 26.6 and after the intervention was 22.3 (p value <0.001), while in the control group it was 26.1 before and 25.1 after the intervention (p value = 0.072). The mean reduction in pregnancy anxiety level in the intervention group was more significant than the control group. Conclusion: Acupressure therapy has a significant effect on decreasing anxiety levels in pregnant mothers in the intervention group (p<0.001) and acupressure therapy can be used as one of the effective non-pharmacological methods to reduce symptoms of anxiety in pregnancy.

Lingkar Lengan Atas dan Penambahan Berat Badan Hamil dengan Berat Badan Bayi Lahir pada masa Pandemik Covid-19 Sitti Fatimah; Musni; Ita Novianti
Jurnal Kesehatan Panrita Husada Vol 7 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (Stikes Panrita Husada Bulukumba)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37362/jkph.v7i1.774

Salah satu penyumbang terbesar AKB adalah Berat Bayi Lahir Rendah (BBLR). Prevelanci BBLR diperkirakan 15% dari seluruh kelahiran di dunia. Salah satu fator penyebab BBLR adalah status gizi ibu hamil. Status gizi ibu hamil dapat dinilai dari penambahan berat badan ibu selama kehamilan dan lingkar lengan atas ibu hamil (LILA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan LILA dan penambahan berat badan ibu selama hamil dengan berat badan bayi lahir. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analyticdengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 33 orang ibu yang bersalin di puskesmas sibulue. Pengumpulan data yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis menggunakan Univariat dan bivariat. Dari ukuran lingkar lengan atas yang berisiko KEK (<23,5 cm) degas berat badan bayi lahir rendah sebanyak 2 bayi (28,57%), dan ibu yang melahirkan berat badan bayi normal tidak ada dan nilai p-value (0,005)<sig α=0,05. Sedangkan ibu dengan ukuran lingkar lengan atas normal dengan berat badan bayi lahir rendah sebanyak 5 bayi (71,43%), sedangkan ibu yang melahirkan dengan berat badan normal sebanyak 26 bayi (100%). Sedangkan responden yang memiliki pertambahan berat badan tidak normal sebanyak 9 responden dimana melahirkan 3 bayi yang berat badan normal dan melahiran 6 bayi yang berat lahir rendah. Sedangkan ibu yang kenaikan berat badanya normal sebanyak 24 responden, melahirkan bayi dengan berat badan lahir rendak sebanyak 5 bayi dan 19 bayi lahir dengan berat badan normal dan nilai p-value sebesar 0,013< 0,05. Secara statistik terdapat hubungan antara lingkar lengan atas dan penembahan berat badan selama hamil dengan berat badan bayi lahir dalam masa pandemik covid-19. Lingkar lengan atas (LILA) dan penambahan bera badan ibu selama hamil memiliki nilai yang signifikat dengan berat badan bayi lahir.Bidan diharapkan untuk melakukan pengukuran Lingkar lengan atas (LILA) dan penambahan berat badan ibu selama hamil secara rutin untuk mencegah ibu mengalami gizi buruk. Kata kunci : LILA, berat badan ibu, BBLR

PEMBERIAN ASI DAN BBLR BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 12-36 BULAN Ita Novianti; Diana Mardianti; Asrianti Safitri Muchtar
JKM (Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati) Vol 6, No 3 (2020): Volume 6 Nomor 3 Juli 2020
Publisher : Program Studi Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkm.v6i3.2701

ABSTRACT Background: One of nutritional problems in toddlers that requires more attention is stunting based on the TB/U index. Stunting is a condition of short or too short body that it exceeds the SD-2 deficit below the median length or height of body that affect to the failure of reaching normal and healthy height which is associated with the child's age. Stunting is a condition where chronic malnutrition is caused by poor nutritional intake, LBW (Low Birth Weight) and a history of disease. It includes unbalanced food and inappropriate exclusive breastfeeding, which is caused by limited food consumption. Purpose: To determine the relationship of breastfeeding and low birth weight infants to the incidence of stunting in infants aged 12-36 months in the working area of Puskesmas Ulaweng in 2019. Method: This study used a cross sectional design. The population were 105 young people aged 12-36 months who were registered at the Posyandu. The sample in this study were 52 people. Purposive sampling technique sampling and data collection by questionnaire were applied. Data were processed using SPSS 20 and univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square statistical tests, and presented in the form of frequency distribution tables. Result: There is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the occurrence of Stunting, where the value (p) =.000, there is a relationship between LBW and the event of Stunting, where the value (p) =.000. Conclusion: There is a relationship of breastfeeding and low birth weight to stunting in the work area of Puskesmas Ulaweng. Suggestion: Further increase counseling on WUS about breastfeeding and stunting Keywords: Breastfeeding, Low Birth Weight, and Stunting Event ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Salah satu masalah gizi pada balita yang mendapat banyak perhatian yaitu stunting berdasarkan indeks TB/U. Stunting merupakan keadaan tubuh yang pendek dan sangat pendek hingga melampaui deficit -2 SD di bawah median panjang atau tinggi badan, yang mengakibatkan kegagalan dalam mencapai tinggi badan yang normal dan sehat sesuai usia anak. Stunting merupakan suatu kondisi dimana kurang gizi kronis yang disebabkan oleh asupan gizi yang kurang, BBLR (Berat Badan Lahir Rendah) dan riwayat penyakit. Asupan makanan yang tidak seimbang termasuk dalam pemberian ASI eksklusif yang tidak sesuai yang diakibatkan karena keterbatasan makanan yang dikonsumsi. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan pemberian asi dan berat badan lahir rendah dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 12-36 bulan di wilayah kerja puskesmas ulaweng tahun 2019. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi berjumlah 105 orang balia usia 1236 bulan yang tercatat di posyandu. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 52 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling, pengumpulan data dengan kuesinoer. Data diolah menggunakan SPSS versi 20 dan analisa secara univariat dan bivariat dengan uji statistic chi-square serta disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi. Hasil: Ada hubungan pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting dimana diperoleh nilai (p) = ,000 ada hubungan BBLR dengan kejadian Stunting dimana diperoleh nilai (p) = ,000. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan Pemberian ASI dan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah dengan kejadian stunting di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ulaweng. Saran : Lebih meningkatkan penyuluhan pada WUS tentang pemberian ASI dan Stunting Kata Kunci : Pemberian ASI, Berat Badan Lahir Rendah dan Kejadian Stunting

EFIKASI DIRI IBU TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS MENYUSUI IBU POST PARTUM Asrianti Safitri Muchtar; A Ulfa Fatmasanti; Musni Musni; Ita Novianti
JKM (Jurnal Kebidanan Malahayati) Vol 7, No 1 (2021): Volume 7,Nomor 1,Januari 2021
Publisher : Program Studi Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkm.v7i1.3579

ABSTRACT MOM'S SELF EFFICIENCY TOWARDS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POST PARTUM BREASTFEEDING Background: Breastfeeding self-efficacy is the mother's confidence in perceiving breastfeeding ability. Breastfeeding self-efficacy will determine individual responses in the form of choices for breastfeeding behavior, efforts and abilities to face breastfeeding challenges, patterns of thought and actions, mother's emotional reactions. These consequences determine the performance of breastfeeding initiation, and the duration of breastfeeding.Purpose: to determine the effect of mother's self-efficacy on the effectiveness of breastfeeding in the Bajoe Community Health Center, Bone Regency in 2020.Method: This study used a cross sectional study approach. The data obtained from the results of this study are quantitative data. The sample in this study were all postpartum mothers from June to September in the Bajoe Community Health Center with a total sample size of 46 people. The sampling technique used total sampling. The data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis presented in the frequency distribution table. For statistical tests, the level of significance used was p <0.05. The analysis used to determine the effect of self-efficacy of breastfeeding mothers on the effectiveness of breastfeeding was by using the chi square test and presented in the form of a frequency distribution table.Results: Based on the results of statistical tests using chi square, it was found that there was an effect of mother's self-efficacy on the effectiveness of breastfeeding with a value of p = 0.000, namely p value <0.005 so that there was an effect of mother's self-efficacy on the effectiveness of breastfeeding in the Bajoe Community Health Center, Bone Regency.Conclusion: There is a significant influence between mother's self-efficacy on breastfeeding effectiveness in the Bajoe Community Health Center, Bone Regency.Suggestion: It is hoped that mothers will increasa their breastfeeding self-efficacy by always increasing their knowledge about breast milk and breastfeeding so that they are able to breastfeed their babies effectively. For research sites, it is hoped that health education about breast milk and breastfeeding since the prenatal period can be routinely increased so as to increase the self-efficacy of mothers in the process of breastfeeding their babies. Keywords: Breastfeeding, Efficacy, Effective ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Breastfeeding self-eficacy adalah kepercayaan diri ibu dalam mempersepsikan kemampuan menyusui. Breastfeeding self efficacy akan menentukan respon individu berupa pilihan atas perilaku menyusui, upaya dan kesanggupan menghadapi tantangan menyusui, pola pemikiran dan tindakan, reaksi emosional ibu. Konsekuensi ini menentukan performa inisiasi menyusui, dan durasi menyusui.Tujuan: untuk mengetahui pengaruh efikasi diri ibu terhadap efektifitas menyusui di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bajoe Kabupaten Bone tahun 2020.Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional study. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian ini berupa data kuantitatif. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah semua ibu postpartum pada bulan Juni – September di wilayah kerja puskesmas Bajoe dengan jumlah sampel sebesar 46 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling.Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis univariat dan bivariat disajikan dalam tabel distribusi frekuensi. Untuk uji statistik, tingkat kemaknaan yang digunakan p < 0,05. Analisis yang digunakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh efikasi diri ibu menyusui terhadap efektifitas menyusui adalahdengan uji chi squareserta disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi.Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil uji statistic menggunakan chi square didapatkan ada pengaruh efikasi diri ibu terhadapa efektifitas menyususi dengan nilai p= 0,000 yaitu p value < 0,005 sehingga ada pengaruh efikasi diri ibu terhadap efektifitas menyusui di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bajoe Kabupaten Bone.Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara efikasi diri ibu terhadap efektifitas menyusui di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Bajoe Kabupaten Bone.Saran: Diharapkan ibu lebih meningkatkan kepercayaan diri dalam proses pemberian ASI dengan selalu meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ASI dan menyusui sehingga ibu mampu menyusui bayinya secara efektif. Bagi tempat penelitian diharapkan memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang ASI dan menyusui sejak masa prenatal secara rutin sehingga mampu meningkatkan kepercayaan diri ibu dalam proses menyusui bayinya. Kata Kunci: Menyusui, Efikasi, Efektifitas

Penyuluhan Metode Akupresure Terhadap Nyeri Haid Pada Siswi MA Al-Junaidiyah Biru : Counseling on the Acupressure Method for Menstrual Pain At MA Al-Junaidiyah Biru students musni Musni; Ita Novianti; St. Malka; Sitti Fatimah; Kiki Reski Rahmadani; Mutmainnah Mutmainnah; A.Ulfa Fatmasanti; Asrianti Safitri Muchtar
Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023): Februari : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Pusat Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55606/nusantara.v3i1.744

Period teenager is period of the reproductive system already experience maturity for reproduce so that on period teenager also already experience menstruation. wrong a common syndrome happen in the menstrual process is painful period. this syndrome the symptoms different different each individual wrong only one is dizziness,nausea,abdominal pain, constipation until faint so that could disturbing activity. For resolve problem the can do treatment in a manner pharmacology with consume drugs and can also use remote method more safe from on consuming medicine is method therapy acupressure. Purpose devotion this give education about acupressure therapy as alternative method for treat painful period. live use method belended learning (lectures, QandA, and practicum) was carried out for 33 female students to make it easy understand what is conveyed and capable apply it in life everyday.Results activity counseling this is happen enhancement significant to knowledge female student about acupressure method for treat dysmenorrhea

PENGUATAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT UNTUK PENCEGAHAN PENYEBARAN VIRUS CORONA Kistan Kistan; Irawati Irawati; A. Artifasari; Alfian Mas'ud; Muhammad Basri; Megawati Sibulo; St Malka; Ita Novianti; Asrianti Safitri Muchtar
RESWARA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 4, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Dharmawangsa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46576/rjpkm.v4i1.2469

Corona Virus merupakan Jenis Virus dengan tingkat penyebaran yang sangat tinggi. Menyebr melalui kontak dari manusia ke manusia melalui droplet. Terbukti sejak tahun 2020 Jumlah kasus virus ini semakin meningkat. Untuk menurunkan penyebaran virus ini dibutuhkan partisipasi masyarakat secara aktif dan luar biasa dengan mengikuti himbauan pemerintah seperti mematuhui protokol kesehatan dan selalu menjaga jarak, serta isolasi mandiri. Menurut penelitian sebelumnya kesadaran akan protocol kesehatan kurang dkarenakan informasi yang diterima oleh masyarakat dari sumber yang tidak terpercaya sehingga pemahaman masyarakat menjadi keliru akibatnya berdampak pada sikap dan perilaku masyarakat itu sendiri. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat dimulai dari kader yang nantinya menjadi agen promosi kesehatan tentang pencegahan penyebaran corona virus. Sebanyak 21 kader dan tokoh masyarakat terlibat dalam kegiatan ini. Metode kegiatan berupa Pretest – Posttest pemberian Edukasi dengan media Power Point untuk presentasi dan Leafleat. Hasil pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat terkait pencegahan penyebaran Corona Virus. Sebelum dilakukan edukasi dari 21 Peserta terdapat sebanyak 33,33% memiliki pengetahuan kurang namun setelah dilakukan edukasi tidak ditemukan peserta yang memiliki pengetahuan kurang. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa edukasi yang dilakukan secara terus menerus dan berkelanjutan masih merupakan langkah yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, Sikap dan perilaku masyarakat

Manajemen Asuhan Kebidanan Keluarga Berencana pada Ny “J” Akseptor KB Suntik 3 Bulan dengan Kenaikan Berat Badan di PMB Hj. Nurhaedah Kab. Bone: Management of Family Planning Midwifery Care for Ny “J” 3 Months Injectable KB Acceptor with Weight Gain at PMB Hj. Nurhaedah, Bone Regency Ita Novianti; Kiki Reski Rahmadani Bakri; Suci Rahayu
Jurnal Midwifery Vol 5 No 1 (2023): FEBRUARY
Publisher : Prodi Kebidanan Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/jmw.v5i1.35482

Introduction Hormonal contraception 3 month injection in Depo-Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) is one method of contraception that is in great demand. Have good effectiveness, but it also has side effects such as menstrual disorders, spotting bleeding and bleeding in the menstrual cycle. In addition, there is also an increase in body weight gain is caused by the hormone progesterone, which makes it easier to change carbohydrates and sugar turns into fat, previous studies showed that the percentage of weight gain due to the use of DMPA was 69%. The importance of proper care and high weight gain due to DMPA, so that the purpose of this research was to provide midwifery care family planning acceptors of 3-month injecting family planning with weight gain in PMB Hj. Nurhaedah according to the needs and authority of midwives. Method This research used the 7-step midwifery care management method Varney and SOAP. Result Base on the case studies that have been conducted, it shows that the mother remains a acceptor of 3-month injections and accepts the side effects she experiences, namely weight gain. Conclusion This case study of 3-month injection family planning acceptors with weight gain at PMB Hj. Nurhaedah an analysis and documentation study was carried out regarding all the actions that had been carried out with results no discrepancy was found between the theory and the cases obtained

Long Term Contraceptive Method (MKJP) At the Tellu Siattinge Health Center Malka Mappaewa; Mutmainnah; Ita Novianti
Comprehensive Health Care Vol 7 No 2 (2023): Comprehensive Health Care
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Stikes Panrita Husada Bulukumba

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37362/jch.v7i2.1005

ABSTRACT Long-term contraceptive methods are contraception that can be used for a long time, more than 2 years or terminate a pregnancy in a couple who no longer want to have children. The types of methods included in this group are stable contraceptive methods, implants and IUD Intra Uterine Devices which are considered effective and efficient. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with long-term contraceptive use. This research method used a cross sectional design , the population in this study were all couples of childbearing age (PUS) who used long-term contraception, the sample size was 37 women of childbearing age, the sampling technique was purposive sampling. Bivariate data analysis used the Chi-Square test with a 95% confidence level (Î±=0.05). The results showed that there were 33 women of childbearing age using implant contraception and 4 using IUDs. The mother's parity variable had no significant effect with a p value > 0.05. Age, education, knowledge variables have a significant effect with a p value <0.05. In conclusion, factors of age, education and knowledge have an effect on long-term contraceptive use.

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