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Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Setelah Pendidikan tentang Upaya Berhenti Merokok (UBM) dengan Tingkat Keterampilan Konseling Sebaya di SMKN 2 Bandar Lampung Geta Okta Prayogi; Dyah Wulan Sumekar; Sutarto; Riyan Wahyudo
Medula Vol 10 No 2 (2020): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v10i2.56

Abstract

Smoking is a bad habit that danger the smoker and the non smoker. In SMKN 2 Bandar Lampung, some students have started smoking. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct socialization and found anti-smoking agents. This research is aim to identify knowledge level after education of smoking cessation efforts and peer counseling skill level, and also strength of relationship between knowledge level and peer counseling skill level. The research used cross sectional method with one group posttest design about smoking cessation efforts and peer counseling skill. Sampling technique was total sampling. The research was carried out in May-June 2017 at SMKN 2 Bandar Lampung. Sample consists of 21 peoples. Data was obtained from knowledge questionnaires and skill checklist of peer counseling. The result showed that the majority of student had good knowledge (86%) and skills (90,5%). The result of bivariate analyze obtained p value=0,014<0,05 which means there is relationship between knowledge level and skill level. There was a significant relationship between knowledge level after education about smoking cessation efforts and peer counseling skill level in SMKN 2 Bandar Lampung.
Pengaruh Asupan Tinggi Fruktosa Terhadap Komplikasi Nefropati Diabetik Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Hanifah Choirunnisa; Waluyo Rudianto; Sutarto
Medula Vol 9 No 2 (2019): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v9i2.276

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease with a global incidence of 415 million cases in 2015 which has increased 4 times compared to the 1980s in the adult population. The increase in the number of DM in the world in line with the increase in the number of DM in Indonesia in 2018 compared to 2013, which was 1.5%. The increase in the incidence of DM globally causes an increase in various DM complications, one of them is microvascular complications of nephropathy diabetic with an incidence of 20-40%. Increase complication of nephropathy diabetic in people with DM caused by various factors, one of which is an unhealthy lifestyle by consuming a high intake of fructose found in various carbonated soft drinks. Consumption of fructose that is safe for the body no more than 5% of consumption per day. High intake of fructose in carbonated soft drinks increased the greater risk of complications of nephropathy diabetic due to excessive use of ATP in the process of fructose metabolism in the body. The products of fructose metabolism in the body are fructose-1-phosphate and uric acid. Increased fructose-1-phosphate and uric acid will cause hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia which can cause oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and glomerular dysfunction by activating one of the inflammatory mediators inflammatory transcription factors (NF-κB), increasing the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and macrophage activation. Oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and glomerular dysfunction will induce various inflammatory mediators such as cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, JAK, STAT and TNF), chemokines (CCL2), and adhesion molecules (ICAM1, VCAM1 ) which causes kidney infiltration of inflammatory cells (monocytes and lymphocytes) which play a role in the pathogenesis of nephropathy diabetic.
Pengaruh Jintan Hitam (Nigella sativa) Terhadap Sindrom Metabolik Pada Wanita Menopause Diwanti Aulia Hasanah; Sutarto; Putu Ristyaning Ayu; Selvi Rahmawati
Medula Vol 9 No 2 (2019): Medula
Publisher : CV. Jasa Sukses Abadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53089/medula.v9i2.281

Abstract

Menopause is permanently cessation of menstruation for at least 12 months in women with a median age of 51 years. The incidence of chronic diseases will be increased in menopause women, so that it affects their quality of life. Changes in estrogen levels during menopause are associated with an increase in body fat. This is an alarm sign for women's health because it causes an increase in blood pressure, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. These changes can contribute to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in menopausal women. Black cumin plant is a spice plant belonging to the Ranunculaceae family and grows in various regions of the world. Black cumin seeds and oils are usually used as traditional medicine for various diseases. The main bioactive substance in black cumin, thymoquinone, has a major influence in improving metabolic syndrome in menopausal women, especially in controlling lipid and blood sugar profiles. The mechanism of hypolipidemic action of N. sativa based on research caused by an increase in the regulation of LDL molecules through receptor-mediated endocytosis, and several other mechanisms. The hypoglycemic effect of N. sativa is by maintaining the integrity of pancreatic β cells, causing an increase in insulin levels.