Multamia RMT Lauder
Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya, Universitas Indonesia

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LANGUAGE VARIETIES IN GRIME VALLEY JAYAPURA Regional Dialectological Study CHRIST FAUTNGIL; Prof. Dr. Aron Meko Mbete; Prof. Dr. Multamia Lauder, M.A.; Dr. Ni Made Dhanawaty, M.S.
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 3. 1 Januari 2009 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

A regional dialectological study is a research of mapping languages in anarea, as what conducted in this study in Grime Valley Jayapura. This research isbased on the theory of traditional dialectology currently known as a theory havingnormative rules to determine the status of a variety as a language, dialect, subdialect,difference in speaking and no difference in speaking, both in the valleyand outside the valley.The two language aspects employed as indicators are sound and lexicalaspects. What is discussed from these two aspects is variation. In terms of soundaspect, discussion of variation covers sound description, correspondence, andcalculation of sound distance from dialectometrie, phoneme inventory, andphoneme distribution. In terms of lexical aspect, lexical distribution andcalculation of vocabulary distance from lexical dialectometrie are discussed. Afterthat, varieties are classified, groupings of phonological and lexical varieties arecompared, and the status of every variety, as a language, a dialect, sub-dialect andso on is identified.Phonological study shows variation in correspondence aspect, calculationof sound distance, inventory, and phoneme distribution. Correspondence hasvarious variations such as the existence of irregular sound which is unpredictableon each point of observation. Calculation of sound distance shows a difference,but the difference is limited to the point in which there is no difference inspeaking. The inventory and distribution contain differences in number, type andexistence of given phonemes.Lexical study shows varied distribution at the middle and outskirts of theValley. The calculation of vocabulary distance shows that there is no difference inlanguage. Groupings of phonological and lexical varieties are different in numberbut identical in the points of observation. If identified in terms of language anddialect for the four varieties, namely Nimboran, Gresi, Kwansu and Kemtuk, itturns out that there are differences in language, that is, Nimboran, Kwansu andKemtuk Gresi. In the previous studies, Kemtuk and Gresi were known as twolanguages, but in this calculation, the difference was in the level of dialect.Further study need to be conducted to investigate the relation of languages inGrime Valley with those in the surrounding areas. It is also necessary to conduct adiachronic research and to apply other theories.2
PHONOLOGICAL AND LEXICAL VARIETIES OF LIO LANGUAGE IN FLORES, EAST NUSA TENGGARA: A STUDY OF GEOGRAPHICAL DIALECT Ni Made Suryati; Aron Meko Mbete; Multamia Lauder; Ni Made Dhanawaty
e-Journal of Linguistics Vol. 6. Januari 2012 No. 1
Publisher : Doctoral Studies Program of Linguistics of Udayana University Postgraduate Program

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Abstract

This study aims at describing and analyzing phonological and lexical varieties of Leo language in the regions where it is spoken, classifying its dialects and subdialects, and identifying the identity of its relation to Ende language. The theories used in this study are the theory of traditional dialectology and the theory of generative. The data used were obtained from the primary and secondary sources. The observation method and the participative method were applied to collect the data needed. The data were analyzed using descriptive-comparative method which was continued with dialectometric and mapping method. The segments vowels, consonants and syllables grouped under regular and sporadic varieties. The regular vowel variety and the regular syllable variety were found just one and on the other hand 20 regular consonant varieties.   The vowel sporadic varieties found 37, the consonant sporadic varieties found 176, and the syllable sporadic varieties found 17. Lexically, Lio Language highly varied, indicated by the description of each gloss having more than 10 lexical varieties. Based on the isogloss bundles composed and based on the calculation obtained from both the lexical dialectometry and lexical dialectometry for the TPs which were close to each other, and on the permutation, DBL could be grouped into seven. (1) East Lio Language Dialect; (2) Central Lio Language Dialect; (3) Western Lio Language Dialect; (4) Ende Leo Language Dialect; (5) Welamosa Dialect; (6) Wololele A Dialect; and (7) Konara Dialect. From such groupings of dialects and sub dialects, it could be identified that Lio Language  and Ende Language were different dialects.
PENGEMBANGAN SOSIO-ONOMASTIKA DI INDONESIA: TINJAUAN KINI DAN POTENSI DI MASA DEPAN Fajar Erikha; Multamia R.M.T. Lauder; Frans Asisi Datang
Kelasa Vol 16, No 2 (2021): Kelasa
Publisher : Kantor Bahasa Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/kelasa.v16i2.213

Abstract

Penelitian berlatar onomastika mulai menggeliat akhir-akhir ini. Hal ini terlihat dalam penerbitan publikasi ilmiah dan ilmiah populer yang dilakukan tidak hanya mereka yang berlatar linguistik, tetapi juga ilmu-ilmu lainnya yang beririsan. Sementara itu, kebutuhan untuk mengkaji aspek sosial pada nama dan penamaan mulai ada karena nama hadir, diproduksi, digunakan oleh masyarakat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Di Eropa, aspek sosial pada nama dibahas dalam kerangka sosiolinguistik sehingga kemudian disebut juga sebagai sosio-onomastika. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi onomastika, khususnya sosio-onomastika dalam cakupan tiga teoretik dasar dan lanjutan yaitu Onomastika Setempat, Kelekatan Toponimi, dan Lanskap Linguistik serta seperti apa potensi pengembangannya di kemudian hari. Guna mendapatkan gambaran komprehensif, dilakukanlah penelusuran literatur onomastika, khususnya sosio-onomastika baik berupa kajian teoretis maupun studi empiris. Artikel ini menyimpulkan kajian sosio-onomastika dengan latar Indonesia masih terbatas sehingga perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut agar terbentuk konstruksi teoretis yang lebih kaya dan tidak Barat-sentris. Diskusi berikutnya juga diperlukan agar studi berbasis sosio-onomastika dapat digunakan oleh praktisi nama-penamaan maupun pembuat kebijakan publik.
Makna Toponim di Tangerang sebagai Representasi Keberadaan Etnis Cina Benteng: Sebuah Kajian Linguistik Historis Komparatif Sonya Ayu Kumala; Multamia RMT Lauder
Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa Vol 10, No 2 (2021): Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa
Publisher : Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/rnh.v10i2.4048

Abstract

Cina Benteng in Tangerang called as Cina Benteng, the native of Tangerang. The name Benteng is closely related to the early history of Chinese migration. Cina Benteng in Tangerang, namely living in forts and growing crops as farmers or fishermen. Brown skin, slanted eyes, and keep an ash table, is a glimpse of the portrait of Cina Benteng. Regarding to that phenomena mentioned above, in this study the author examines the meaning of toponyms in Tangerang to be associated with the existence Cina Benteng. This study uses a comparative historical linguistic approach that uses names as linguistic units to examine meaning, and its relation to historical context. The theory used in this study is etymological theory, semiotic’s theory meaning by Barthes and, and Nystorm (2016). Toponyms or place names are one of the branches of onomastics (Rais et al, 2008). Onomastics examines self names and place names. The name is present not only to fulfill the function of identification, but the presence of the name also reveals the existing socio-cultural aspects. A name is constructed, interpreted, used continuously or even later replaced and abandoned. The study of place names or toponyms is a form of comparative historical linguistic study that utilizes branches of linguistic studies such as semantics and sociolinguistics as well as other fields outside of intersecting linguistics (Lauder, 2015). The data for this paper were collected from written documentation or maps. In addition, the author also uses ethnographic methods to be able to see the relationship of a place name with the surrounding community. The result of the study shows the meaning of toponym in Tangerang are strongly related to the existence of Cina Benteng from the old times until modern times.  AbstrakEtnis Tionghoa di Tangerang yang disebut sebagai Cina Benteng, yaitu pribuminya Tangerang. Sebutan Benteng terkait erat dengan sejarah awal migrasi Cina Benteng di Tangerang yaitu mendiami benteng-benteng dan bercocok tanam sebagai petani atau nelayan. Berkulit coklat, bermata sipit, dan memelihara meja abu, merupakan sekilas potret Cina Benteng. Sehubungan dengan fenomena tersebut di atas, pada penelitian ini penulis bertujuan menelaah makna toponim di Tangerang untuk dikaitkan dengan keberadaan atau eksistensi dari etnis Cina Benteng. Penelitian ini menggunakan ancangan linguistik historis komparatif yang memanfaatkan nama sebagai satuan linguistik yang akan ditelisik makna, dan kaitannya dengan aspek historis. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori makna etimologi, teori makna semiotik Barthes dan, dan Nystorm (2016). Toponim atau nama tempat adalah salah satu cabang kajian dari onomastika (Rais et al, 2008). Onomastika mengkaji nama diri dan nama tempat. Nama hadir tidak semata untuk memenuhi fungsi identifikasi akan tetapi kehadiran nama juga mengungkap aspek sosial budaya yang ada. Sebuah nama dikonstruksikan, dimaknai, digunakan secara terus menerus atau bahkan kemudian diganti dan ditinggalkan. Kajian nama tempat atau toponim merupakan bentuk kajian linguistik historis komparatif yang memanfaatkan cabang kajian linguistik seperti semantik dan sosiolinguistik serta bidang lain diluar linguistik yang bersinggungan (Lauder, 2015). Data untuk tulisan ini dikumpulkan dari dokumentasi tertulis atau peta. Selain itu penulis juga memanfaatkan metode etnografi untuk dapat melihat kaitan sebuah nama tempat dengan masyarakat sekitar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan makna toponim di Tangerang, terkait erat dengan keberadaan Cina Benteng baik di masa lampau hingga dewasa ini.
Reevaluasi Konsep Pemilah Bahasa dan Dialek Untuk Bahasa Nusantara Lauder, Multamia RMT
Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia Vol. 6, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Even today, there is disagreement among experts over how many languages and dialects there are in Indonesia. The methodological tools for classifying languages consist of mapping isoglosses, dialectometry, and measures of mutual intelligibility. The present article surveys the methodology used in N = 129 researches performed over the last 50 years and finds that researchers based their conclusions about languages and dialects predominantly on isoglosses while dialectometry and mutual intelligibility were much less used. It is also suggested that these three research methods be reevaluated in the light of the multilingual situation in Indonesia. We could possibly get better results with the isogloss method if we reconsidered the criteria for degree of sound similarity and the criteria for bundling isoglosses. For dialectometry, we should consider modifying the current percentages used to distinguish language-dialect divisions. For establishing mutual intelligibility, the factors that could be reassessed include techniques of testing, the procedures for choosing test-points and reference-points, and the criteria for choosing valid texts for testing.
Aspek Sejarah dan Budaya Cina Benteng pada Variasi Toponim Sewan : Sebuah Kajian Linguistik: Historical and Cultural Aspects on Sewan’s Toponym Variation Sonya Ayu Kumala; RMT Multamia Lauder; Frans Asisi Datang; Lilie Suratminto
Jurnal Bastrindo Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Edisi Desember 2022
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jb.v3i2.743

Abstract

Objek penelitian ini adalah nama tempat atau toponim. Toponim merupakan bagian dari identitas budaya. Penelitian in bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tiga aspek nama yaitu 1) bentuk, 2) makna, dan 3) latar belakang penamaan tempat-tempat bersejarah terkait masyarakat Cina Benteng, Tangerang, Banten. Nama tempat adalah salah satu bentuk data bahasa yang berisi seperangkat nilai kearifan lokal yang harus dipahami, dan diwariskan dari generasi ke generasi. Pada kajian linguistik nama dianggap sebagai satuan lingual secara bentuk, memiliki makna, dan memiliki fungsi baik ditingkatan bahasa maupun konteks sosial. Secara praktis nama digunakan untuk identifikasi wilayah, dan mempermudah proses perpindahan atau migrasi masyarakat. Secara kebahasaan, penamaan tempat merupakan dokumentasi bahasa yang berfungsi baik secara individu sebagai bentuk pemahaman diri dan secara kolektif sebagai bentuk identitas kolektif sebuah etnis atau masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Cina Benteng sebagai objek penelitian. Etnis Cina Benteng memiliki keunikan baik dalam ciri – ciri fisik maupun aspek ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya. Data penelitian ini berupa variasi toponim sewan yang ditemukan sebanyak 12 variasi. Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif ini memanfaatkan teori etnosemantik dan linguistik antropologi. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data primer yang diambil dengan pendekatan etnografi melalui teknik libat, cakap, catat, dan rekam. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan variasi toponim sewan menggambarkan aspek sejarah dan budaya yang mencakup 1)tokoh setempat yang berpengaruh, 2) peristiwa sejarah di sebuah lokasi, dan 3)pengetahuan lokal terkait budaya setempat.
EKSPLORASI KUBURAN TEPI PANTAI DESA PLAWANGAN, KECAMATAN KRAGAN, KABUPATEN REMBANG, JAWA TENGAH: KAJIAN TOPONIMI Dwika Muzakky Anan Taturia; Multamia R.M.T. Lauder
EPIGRAM (e-journal) Vol 20 No 1 (2023): Epigram Volume 20 Nomor 1 Tahun 2023
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32722/epi.v20i1.5540

Abstract

Since archaeological excavations were carried out from 1977 to 1993 at the Plawangan site located on the coastal community of Plawangan Village, archaeologists suspected that this site was once a necropolis (a burial place from the first century AD). This research aims to explore the public seaside cemeteries in Plawangan Village, Kragan District, Rembang Regency, Central Java based on their necronym pattern (naming of a cemetery). This research also seeks to reveal further the existence of public seaside cemeteries in Plawangan Village during modern times by examining the collective memories and meanings of local inhabitants for the names of cemeteries. In this research, the data were collected from interviews using the Cakap Semuka Method by applying Rekam Catat Techniques, namely Migit, Mbedhodo, and Pohlendeh cemeteries. By utilizing a qualitative approach and descriptive method, the writer analyzed seaside necronyms based on Nyström's Theory of Presuppositional Meanings, namely categorical, associative, and emotive meanings. Categorically, the seaside cemeteries of Plawangan Village were influenced by myth and flora categories. From the morphophonemic process, the forms of seaside necronym are pre-fixations, ellipsis, and verb phrases. Meanwhile, based on identification of associative and emotive meanings show interesting findings about the meanings and perceptions of nowadays society regarding the reasons why there are public cemeteries were located near the beach, such as: (1) choosing the location of a public cemeteries near beach because it follows the past burial methods archaeological sites in coastal sandy soil which are believed to be able to preserve bones longer than other types of soil, (2) traces of the spread of Islam, (3) myths in society, (4) loss of the haunted impression of each grave, and (5) the haul tradition of respected religious figures.
Maritime Indonesia and the Archipelagic Outlook; Some reflections from a multidisciplinary perspective on old port cities in Java Lauder, Multamia RMT; Lauder, Allan F.
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 17, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

The present paper reflects on Indonesia's status as an archipelagic state and a maritime nation from a historical perspective. It explores the background of a multi-year research project into Indonesia's maritime past currently being undertaken at the Humanities Faculty of Universitas Indonesia. The multidisciplinary research uses toponymy, epigraphy, philology, and linguistic lines of analysis in examining old inscriptions and manuscripts and also includes site visits to a number of old port cities across the archipelago. We present here some of the core concepts behind the research such as the importance of the ancient port cities in a network of maritime trade and diplomacy, and link them to some contemporary issues such as the Archipelagic Outlook. This is based on a concept of territorial integrity that reflects Indonesia's national identity and aspirations. It is hoped that the paper can extend the discussion about efforts to make maritime affairs a strategic geopolitical goal along with restoring Indonesia's identity as a maritime nation.
Ubiquitous place names Standardization and study in Indonesia Lauder, Allan F.; Lauder, Multamia R.M.T.
Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia Vol. 16, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Place names play a vital role in human society. Names exist in all languages and place names are an indispensible part of international communication. This has been acknowledged by the establishment of the United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names (UNGEGN). One of UNGEGN's tasks is to coordinate international efforts on the proper use of place names. Indonesia supports this effort and through its National Geospatial Agency (BIG). Place names are also of interest as an object of study in themselves. Academic studies into place names are found in linguistics, onomastics, philosophy and a number of other academic disciplines. This article looks at these two dimensions of place names, standardization efforts under the auspices of international and national bodies, and academic studies of names, with particular reference to the situation in Indonesia.
ISTILAH KEKERABATAN PADA MASYARAKAT CINA BENTENG Sonya Ayu Kumala; RMT Multamia Lauder; Frans Asisi Datang; Winci Firdaus
Widyaparwa Vol 51, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Balai Bahasa Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26499/wdprw.v51i1.1372

Abstract

Language as part of our culture refers to both general and specific aspects. Specifically, a language has a distinctive aspect that makes it different from other languages. One of the distinguishing aspects can be seen from the greeting or register in terms of kinship. The term kinship in the discipline of linguistics falls into the scope of sociolinguistics. The term kinship according to Wardaugh (2009) is a characteristic in a language that is generally found in every language. The term kinship is being used to address or refer to other people in relation to ourselves (ego) in a structural system that is connected by blood relations, descent, or the occurrence of marriage. The Chinese Benteng community in Tangerang uses a different and distinctive kinship term compared to the Chinese community in other cities in Indonesia. In general the Benteng Chinese community no longer uses their original language as a whole, but speaks Indonesian with a mix of surrounding languages, namely Sundanese and Javanese. The language of their ancestors is still found used by the older generation, trading activities, traditional rituals, and kinship. In addition to the aspect of language use, other forms of cultural acculturation also can be seen such as in dance, musical instruments, and culinary arts. In general, it can be said, China Benteng has a peculiarity that is still upholding the culture of the ancestors but also absorbs the surrounding culture well. This study aims to describe the terms in the Chinese Benteng kinship system, namely through the classification of kinship terms (Chaer, 1997) and analysis of the language distribution of kinship terms. This study was structured using a qualitative descriptive approach. The interview method was used in extracting information from informants, besides that note-taking techniques were also used to document data mining. The results of the analysis show that the terms of kinship in the Cina Benteng community are grouped into three, namely the terms of direct kinship, indirect kinship, and due to marital relations. The distribution of forming languages or used in Chinese Benteng kinship terms are Chinese, Sundanese, and Javanese.Cina Benteng dan Tangerang menjadi satu kesatuan yaitu sebagai objek dan konteks yang potensial dikaji dari sudut pandang bahasa dan budaya. Cina Benteng dengan kemampuan adaptasi dan akulturasi yang unik serta khas apabila dibandingkan dengan model komunitas Tionghoa lain yang ada di Indonesia. Pada tingkat kebahasaan, istilah kekerabatan menjadi hal yang universal yaitu ditemukan di semua bahasa dan juga sekaligus unik yaitu mencirikan masyarakat pemilik istilah kekerabatan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan istilah dalam sistem kekerabatan Cina Benteng yaitu melalui klasifikasi istilah kekerabatan yang dianalisis secara semantis dan analisis bahasa pembentuk istilah kekerabatan. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan ancangan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode wawancara digunakan dalam menggali informasi dari informan, selain itu juga digunakan teknik catat untuk mendokumentasikan penggalian data. Hasil analisis menunjukan istilah kekerabatan dalam komunitas Cina Benteng dikelompokkan menjadi tiga yaitu istilah kekerabatan langsung, tidak langsung, dan karena hubungan perkawinan. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa istilah kekerabatan Cina secara umum masih mengikuti struktur dan sistem kekerabatan seperti Tionghoa pada umumnya di kota lain di Indonesia, misalnya perbedaan sebutan kerabat dari pihak ayah dan ibu. Akan tetapi juga sekaligus menunjuk kekhasan dengan mengkombinasikan istilah kekerabatan tionghoa yang beradaptasi dengan konteks budaya dan bahasa yang bersinggungan. Distribusi bahasa pembentuk atau yang digunakan dalam istilah kekerabatan Cina Benteng adalah bahasa Cina, Indonesia (Melayu), Sunda, dan Jawa.