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Mikrostruktur Arang Aktif Batok Kelapa untuk Pemurnian Minyak Goreng Habis Pakai Rinto Paputungan; Siti Nikmatin; Akhiruddin Maddu; Gustan Pari
Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): JURNAL KETEKNIKAN PERTANIAN
Publisher : PERTETA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (983.406 KB) | DOI: 10.19028/jtep.06.1.69-74

Abstract

AbstractThe obejective of this study was to investigate the effect of active carbon derived from coconut shell as adsorbents for consumables cooking oil. Method used in this rescarch was started with coconut shell preparation in form of chips and then carbonized and activated as well as morphological analysis by means of SEM. Variation used were activation times of activated carbon of coconut shell for 80, 100 and 120 min. The analysis results showed that the coconut shell charcoal yield was 41.66%, water contents was 3.7767%, ash contents was 2.9997% and Iod adsorbsion was 1051.07 mg/g. Consumables cooking oil refining process by activated charcoal from coconut shells can increased the quality of the oil market by a decrease in water contents, free fatty acids, peroxide value and turbudity numbers. Purification of cooking oil waste with activated carbon as adsorbent was archieved at temperature of 1000C, a contact time of 20 minutes, water contents of 0.10567%, free fatty acids of 0.7933%, peroxide numbers of 21.4667% andturbidity value of 69.7700 NTU.AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh arang aktif batok kelapa sebagai adsorben pada pemurnian minyak goreng habis pakai. Metode penelitian diawali dengan preparasi batok kelapa dalam bentuk cip, kemudian karbonisasi dan aktivasi, serta pengujian morfologi arang aktif menggunakan SEM. Variasi yang dilakukan ialah lama aktivasi arang aktif batok kelapa 80, 100 dan 120 menit. Hasil yang terbaik analisis arang aktif batok kelapa menunjukkan rendemen 41.66%, kadar air 3.7767%, kadar abu 2.9997% dan daya serap Iodin 1051.07 mg/g. Proses pemurnian minyak goreng habis pakai oleh arang aktif dari batok kelapa dapat meningkatkan kualitas minyak yang ditandai dengan penurunan kadar air, bilangan asam lemak bebas, bilangan peroksida dan angka kekeruhan. Pemurnian limbah minyak goreng dengan adsorben arang aktif batok kelapa, tercapai pada temperatur 1000C, waktu kontak 20 menit, kadar air dalam minyak 0.10567%, bilangan asam lemak bebas 0.7933%, bilangan peroksida 21.4667% dan nilai kekeruhan 69.7700 NTU.
Fabrication and Characterization Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell based on TiO2/SnO2 Composit Electrode and Polymer Electrolite Irmansyah Irmansyah; Akhiruddin Maddu; Mahfuddin Zuhri
Jurnal ILMU DASAR Vol 9 No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.271 KB)

Abstract

A solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell based on TiO2/SnO2 composite electrode and polyethylene glycol (PEG) based electrolyte has been fabricated. The solar cell was formed in sandwich structure, which two electrodes sandwiching polymer electrolyte containing a redox couple (I-/I3-). One of the electrode was TiO2/SnO2 composite layer on TCO (transparent conducting oxide) coated glass substrate which sensitized with Ruthenium complex dye as electron donor, and the other electrode was a carbon sheet as a counter electrode. Active area of solar cell was 1.5 cm x 1 cmm. The solar cell was tested by irradiation with mercury lamp of 400 Watt with intensity of 30 mW/cm2 at a distance of 30 cm and sunlight with intensity of 36 mW/cm2. The cell tested with mercury lamp result in an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 420 mV, short circuit current (ISC) of 52 μA, maximum power (Pmax) of 10.4 μW, fill factor (FF) of 48% and energy conversion (η) of 0.023 %. On the other hand, the cell tested with sunlight source result in VOC=480 mV, ISC=48μA, Pmax=12.6 μW, FF=55% and η=0.023%.
Determining Image Opacity in Broiler Respiratory Radiographic Using ImageJ and Ansel Adam’s Zone System Ikhwan Wirahadikesuma; Koekoeh Santoso; Hera Maheshwari; Akhiruddin Maddu
Jurnal Riset Veteriner Indonesia (Journal of The Indonesian Veterinary Research) VOLUME 4 No. 1, JANUARY 2020
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/jrvi.v4i1.8431

Abstract

The diagnosis of diseases of the respiratory, lung, and air sacs generally uses radiographic images by radiologists. Therefore, the results are very subjective, causing differences in the interpretation and diagnosis among different radiologists. A radiographic image reading needs to be made in the form of a simple, fast, and accurate algorithm. The study aimed to reduce subjectivity and be easily carried out by radiology medical personnel, especially veterinarians. This study carried out density measurements by image processing using ImageJ software on 14 radiographic images of broiler chickens. Furthermore, the density value is associated with the Ansel Adam's - grayscale system to determine the opacity of respiratory tract tissues/organs, which were previously inhaled by one of them with chitosan-iopamidol nanoparticles using a nebulizer. The results of density measurements for the category of opacity in radiographic images are that seven spot areas lead brighter (radiopaque) only in chickens that are inhaled mist maker of chitosan-iopamidol nanoparticles. Then the determination of the value range is obtained average value on two ventrodorsal radiographic images, which are inhaled by mist maker of chitosan-iopamidol nanoparticles and chitosan nanoparticle compressor. The conclusion of this study was only in chickens that were infested with mist maker chitosan-iopamidol, whose radiographic image had a radiopaque spot and middle-value area. 
Reducing the Electrical Conductivity of ZnO/Ag Nanofiller for Solid Polymer Electrolytes Prepared by Laser Ablation in Polylactic Acid Solution Permono Adi Putro; Nurfina Yudasari; Yulia Irdawati; Ahmad S. Sulaeman; Akhiruddin Maddu
Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya Vol 17, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, LPPM-ITS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j24604682.v17i2.8135

Abstract

Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are vital components of fast appearing technology for energy storage-conversion devices. Here, SPEs based on silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles are prepared by laser ablation in polylactic acid (PLA) at room temperature. The comparison study of PLA, PLA-ZnO, PLA-ZnO/Ag, and PLA-Ag -based SPEs is conducted in pursuance of the electrical conductivity obtained from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterization. EIS provides comprehensive analyses, including DCand AC conductivities, dielectric constant, and electrical modulus of the samples. Our results show that PLA-ZnO exhibits an appreciable value of DC conductivity, which insignificantly decreases by Ag existence into PLA-ZnO/Ag. This study suggests that PLA-ZnO remains stable by Ag incorporation; hence, PLA-ZnO/Ag has a great potential as SPEs
OPTIMASI EKSTRAKSI FLAVONOID TOTAL DAUN GEDI (Abelmoschus manihot L.) DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN Dodyk Pranowo; Erliza Noor; Liesbetini Haditjaroko; Akhiruddin Maddu
Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Vol 27, No 1 (2016): BULETIN PENELITIAN TANAMAN REMPAH DAN OBAT
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/bullittro.v27n1.2016.37-46

Abstract

Tanaman gedi (Abelmoschus manihot) merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai sumber antioksidan. Selama ini, ekstraksi daun gedi dilakukan dengan teknik maserasi sederhana sehingga kondisi proses optimum untuk pengembangan skala industri belum diketahui. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan kondisi optimum proses ekstraksi dengan menggunakan teknik maserasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Teknologi Agro Kimia, Jurusan Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, sejak Januari 2014 sampai Desember 2014. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Central Composite Design (CCD), terdiri atas 20 run percobaan dengan 6 ulangan pada titik pusat (centre point). Analisis regresi dan keragaman dilakukan dengan menggunakan Software Design Expert Ver. 9.0. Trial. Setiap respon dari proses ekstraksi digunakan untuk mengembangkan sebuah model matematis yang berkorelasi dengan flavonoid total menurut persamaan polinomial. Selanjutnya ditentukan flavonoid total ekstrak daun gedi dan diuji aktivitas antioksidannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi proses optimum dengan menggunakan metode CCD diperoleh pada lama waktu ekstraksi 4,83 jam, suhu ekstraksi 34,33 oC dan kecepatan pengadukan 322 rpm dengan total flavonoid yang dihasilkan sebesar 55,41 mg g-1 serta aktivitas antioksidan dalam IC50 sebesar 383,49 ppm. Faktor paling berpengaruh pada proses ekstraksi daun gedi adalah waktu ekstraksi > kecepatan pengadukan > suhu ekstraksi.
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI AWAL DAN PENAMBAHAN H2O2 TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS DEGRADASI FOTOKATALISIS METHYLENE BLUE PADA FILM TiO2 Akhiruddin Maddu
Purifikasi Vol 10 No 1 (2009): Jurnal Purifikasi
Publisher : Department of Environmental Engineering-Faculty of Civil, Environmental and Geo Engineering. Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12962/j25983806.v10.i1.164

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Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) in water using TiO2 film was investigated. TiO2 film was coated on glass substrate by squeegee printing method. TiO2 film has an anatase phase with crystallite size of 24.5 nm regarding to X-ray diffraction analysis result. Photocatalysis test was carried out in the static water bath containing Methylene Blue. TiO2 film on glass substrate placed in water bath with MB dye solution was exposed with UV light source. The Effects of concentration and pH of MB solution and H2O2 addition were investigated. Degradation of MB showed an optimal result for MB concentration of 5 mM. Addition of H2O2 into water could also increase the photocatalytic degradation of MB up to 84.2% with a degradation rate of 0.01 minute-1.
SYNTHESIS OF CARBON DOTS (CDS) AND DETERMINATION OF OPTICAL GAP ENERGY WITH TAUC PLOT METHOD Jumardin Jumardin; Akhiruddin Maddu; Koekoeh Santoso; Isnaeni Isnaeni
Jambura Physics Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2021): October 2021
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34312/jpj.v3i2.11235

Abstract

Carbon Dots (CDs) which have been synthesized using the laser ablation method show the presence of UV-Vis absorption in the wavelength range of 303 nm to 333 nm for absorbance and 495 nm to 503 nm for fluorescence. Changes in the time duration 1, 2, 3 hours of CDs resulted in changes in the optical energy gap. The optical energy gap valuesare distinguished by the type of indirect transition (n=2) is 3.40 eV (1 hour), 3.15 eV (2 hour), 2.85 eV (3 hour) and direct transition (n=1/2) is 2.58 eV (1 hour), 2.31 eV (2 hour), 1.70 eV (1 hour).
Nondestructive bending strength testing of wood wool cement board from some fast growing species using stress wave velocity method Lina Karlinasari; Muhammad F Ikhsan; Dede Hermawan; Akhiruddin Maddu; Anita Firmanti
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 9, No 2 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (462.663 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v9i2.138

Abstract

The nondestructive testing using stress wave velocity method is known as most important tool to be used in quality control purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the stress wave velocity (SWV) and to determine correlation between its velocity and dynamic MOE on static bending strength properties (MOE and MOR) of wood wool cement particleboards (WWCB). Thirty six WWCB particleboards from 3 tropical fast growing species (Paraserianthes falcataria, Maesopsis eminii, and Acacia mangium) and three different particleboards density of 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 g cm-3 were made in this study. SWV value was determined using stress wave timer and it used to measure dynamic MOE. The measurement results of static bending strength method (MOEs and MOR) and by stress wave method were compared. The result showed the higher density of CBWW the higher of stress wave velocity. The WWCB particleboard of sengon possessed the highest value for both SWV and MOR. The dynamic MOE measured by stress wave method was about 80% higher than that static test. The good correlations were found between SWV and static MOE, MOR and it was statistically significant for linear regression model developed.Key words: fast growing species, nondestructive testing, static bending strength, stress wave velocity, wood wool cement particleboard
Carbon Structure of Coconut Coir Fibers Ismail Budiman; Akhiruddin Maddu; Gustan Pari; Subyakto Subyakto
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis Vol 11, No 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (399.383 KB) | DOI: 10.51850/jitkt.v11i2.88

Abstract

The objectives of the research was to characterize the structure of coconut coir fiber carbon. Carbonization was carried out at two successive phases, carbonization at 400 C for 300 minutes and then proceeded at 700, 800, and 900 C. In every temperature level was conducted for 45, 60, and 90 min. The structure of carbon was measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD), while the sample surface analysis was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the degree of crystallinity of the coconut fibers carbonized at 400 C (36.3%) was higher than uncarbonized fibers (16.36%) but lower compared to the coconut fiber carbonized at 700-900 C (41.5-59.81%). Surface analysis of samples showed that the carbonization led to the establishment and enlargement of pores in the fibers.Key words: carbon, coconut coir fiber, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN NANOPARTIKEL KITOSAN-IOPAMIDOL MENGGUNAKAN NEBULIZER PADA SALURAN PERNAPASAN AYAM BROILER BERDASARKAN HASIL PENCITRAAN SINAR-X ikhwan wirahadikesuma; Koekoeh Santoso; Hera Maheshwari; Akhiruddin Maddu
JCPS (Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Sciences) Vol 3 No 1 (2019): September 2019
Publisher : LPPM - Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (600.369 KB)

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Penyakit pernapasan khususnya pada ayam, diperlukan penghantaran obat yang langsung ke organ target dengan cara diinhalasi menggunakan alat nebulizer. Alat ini menghasilkan aerosol mampu mencapai paru-paru dan langsung berefek, dengan berbasis nanopartikel dapat meningkatkan bioavaibilitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat efektivitas inhalasi nebulizer termodifikasi dikombinasi dengan nanopartikel kitosan-iopamidol terhadap organ target di saluran pernapasan ayam broiler. Sintesis nanopartikel metode gelasi ionik, dipreparasi dengan kitosan 0,1% dan natrium tripolifosfat 0,1% dalam cup nozzle 0,3 mm, rasio volume 5:1, ditambah 150 ml iopamidol 30,6 mg/ml dan diaduk 1300-1500 rpm. Partikel diukur dengan alat: Particle Size Analizer dan Scanning Electron Microscope. Nebulizer ultrasonik dan kompresor dipasang pada chamber 35 cm x 24 cm x 29 cm. Pemeriksaan radiologi tujuh ekor ayam umur 2 minggu, enam ekor masing-masing diinhalasi satu dari dua nebulizer dengan satu dari tiga macam larutan (nanopartikel kitosan, nanopartikel kitosan-iopamidol, dan iopamidol konsentrasi 30,6 mg/ml) sebanyak 3 ml. Kemudian dilakukan pemindaian dengan sinar-x. Hasil pengukuran partikel didapat z-avarage: 409,3 nm, indek polidisperitas 0,53 dan bentuk cenderung bulat. Citra radiograf menunjukkan radiopaque pada saluran pernapasan terutama kantong hawa yang diinhalasi nanopartikel kitosan-iopamidol. Kesimpulan, aerosol yang dihasilkan kedua jenis nebulizer termodifikasi yang dikombinasi dengan media kontras formulasi nanopartikel dapat mencapai saluran pernapasan ayam broiler. Kata kunci: ayam broiler, inhalasi, nebulizer, nanopartikel, sinar-x ABSTRACT. Respiratory diseases, especially in chickens, need proper treatment to deliver drugs directly to the target organs by means of inhalation using a nebulizer. This tool produces aerosols capable of reaching the lungs and having a healer effect immediately, with nanoparticles-based administration which can increase bioavailability. This study aimed to look at the effectiveness of modified inhalation nebulizer in combination with chitosan-iopamidol nanoparticles on target organs in the respiratory tract of broiler chickens. The nanoparticle synthesis of ionic gelation method was prepared with 0.1% chitosan and 0.1% sodium tripolyphosphate in 0.3 mm cup nozzle, with volume ratio 5: 1, plus 150 mL iopamidol 30.6 mg / mL then centrifuged on 1300-1500 rpm. Particles were measured by means of: Particle Size Analizer and Scanning Electron Microscope. Ultrasonic Nebulizer and compressor were installed in chamber with the size of 35 cm x 24 cm x 29 cm. Radiology examination of seven chickens with 2-week-old age was conducted by inhaling one of two nebulizers with one of three solutions (chitosan nanoparticles, chitosan-iopamidol nanoparticles, and iopamidol with the concentrations of 30.6 mg / mL) in the amount of 3 mL to six chickens (1 chicken was the control). Then x-ray scanning was carried out. The results of particle measurement obtained z-avarage in the amount of 409.3 nm, index of polydisperity of 0.53 and form tend to be spherical. Radiographic images revealed the existance of radiopaque in the respiratory tract, especially the bag of air inhaled chitosan-iopamidol nanoparticles. Therefore, the aerosols produced by the two types of modified nebulizers in combination with the nanoparticle formulation contrast media can reach the respiratory tract of broiler chickens. Keywords: broiler chicken, inhalation, nanoparticles, nebulizer, x-rays
Co-Authors - - Nurrahman . Sugianto Abdulloh Rifai Agus Ghautsun Niam Ahmad Aminuddin Ahmad S. Sulaeman Andhika Prima Prasetyo Anita Firmanti Bagus MARTIANTO Bambang - Riyanto Bambang Herawan Bambang Herawan, Bambang Bambang Riyanto Bambang Sugeng Bonny Poernomo Wahyu Soekarno Candra A. Basuki Dede Hermawan Deni Shidqi Khaerudini Dimas Ramadhan Putra Dimas Ramadhan Putra Djoko Pujiarto Dodyk Pranowo Dyah Iswantini Erliza Noor Esa Ghanim Fadhallah Esa Ghanim Fadhallah Faozan Ahmad Farly Reynol Tumimomor Fayakun, Kun Fitriani Indahsari Gareso, Paulus P. Gareso, Paulus P. Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Gustan Pari Hamdani Zain Hamdani Zain Hamdani Zain Hamdani Zain Hans Baihaqi Harry Ramza Harry Ramza Hendradi Hardhienata HENNY PURWANINGSIH HERA MAHESHWARI HERRY SUHARDIYANTO Horasdia Saragih Huda Salahuddin Darusman ikhwan wirahadikesuma Ikhwan Wirahadikesuma Inda Setyawati, Inda Ira Ukhtiningsih Ira Ukhtiningsih, Ira Irmansyah . Irmansyah Irmansyah Irmansyah Irmansyah Irmansyah Irmansyah Irzaman, Irzaman Ismail Budiman Ismail Budiman Isnaeni Isnaeni Isnaeni Isnaeni Isnaeni Jhav Sund Oktoricoento Johan D. Sirait Jufra Jufra Jumardin Jumardin Jumardin Jumardin Jumardin Kadapi, Muhamar Koekoeh Santoso Kudang Boro Seminar Kun Fayakun Kun Modjahidin Kun Modjahidin, Kun La Ode Muliadi LAKSMI AMBARSARI Liesbetini Haditjaroko Lina Karlinasari M. Farouq Iksan Mahfuddin Zuhri Mersi Kurniati Moehamad Barmawi Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Mohammad Mujirudin Muhammad F Ikhsan Muhammad Ramdani Mujirudin, Mohammad Novik Nurhidayat Nurfina Yudasari Nurul Rostami Dewi Nurul Rostami Dewi Oktarina Heriyani Oktarina Heriyani Oktoricoento, Jhav Sund Paulus P Gareso, Paulus P Pepen Arifin Permono Adi Putro Pramudito, Sidikrubadi Rahman, Mohammad Syuhaimi Ab Rahmaniah Nalwi Ramdani, Muhammad Ramza, Harry Rasyida Ulfa Ratna Sari Dewi Rini Kurniasih Rinto Paputungan Riza Riano Safaruddin A Prasad Sahrudin Sahrudin Sahrudin, Sahrudin Sar Sardy Sar Sardy Sar Sardy Setyanto Tri Wahyudi Siti Nikmatin Sofian, Irmansyah Sri Sugiarti Subyakto Subyakto SUBYAKTO SUBYAKTO Sugianto Arjo Sugianto, . Sugianto, . Sugianto, Sugianto Sulaeman, Ahmad Sofyan Sulistioso Giat Sukaryo Sultan, Syamsu Supian, Latifah Sarah Supriyanto . Tarcisius Rio Mardikanto Yayan Firmansyah Yessie Widya Sari Yogi Waldingga Hasnedi Yulia Irdawati Yulia Sani Yulia Sani, Yulia