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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA JURNAL AGRONIDA Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia
ALI NURMANSYAH
Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Tingkat Resistensi Helopeltis antonii (Hemiptera: Miridae) pada Tanaman Kakao terhadap Tiga Golongan Insektisida Sintetis Utami, Aidha; Dadang, Dadang; Nurmansyah, Ali; Laba, I Wayan
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2017.p89-98

Abstract

Pada tanaman kakao di Indonesia, Helopeltis antonii Signoret merupakan salah satu hama utama yang dapat menurunkan produksi sebesar 60%. Selama ini petani melakukan tindakan pengendalian menggunakan insektisida sintetis. Namun penggunaan insektisida dengan dosis yang tidak tepat dapat mendorong terjadinya resistensi. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan tingkat resistensi H. antonii terhadap tiga golongan insektisida sintetis. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor. Pengambilan populasi lapangan dan wawancara penggunaan insektisida dilaksanakan di kebun kakao daerah Bogor, Ciamis, dan Sukabumi, Jawa Barat mulai bulan Agustus 2016 sampai Juni 2017. Serangga yang digunakan adalah nimfa instar 3 yang terbagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu populasi laboratorium dan populasi lapangan. Insektisida yang digunakan berbahan aktif klorpirifos (organofosfat), lamda sihalotrin (piretroid), dan tiametoksam (neonikotinoid). Buah mentimun digunakan sebagai pakan pengganti perbanyakan serangga uji H. antonii. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan lima tingkat konsentrasi insektisida yang ditentukan berdasarkan hasil uji pendahuluan. Hubungan antara konsentrasi insektisida dan mortalitas serangga uji diolah dengan analisis probit. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan insektisida yang banyak digunakan oleh petani kakao adalah golongan piretroid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi lapangan H. antonii asal Bogor dan Ciamis telah resisten terhadap lamda sihalotrin dengan nisbah resistensi (NR) masing-masing 4,2 dan 10,8, sedangkan populasi asal Sukabumi mempunyai nilai NR 1,2. Semua populasi lapangan H. antonii menunjukkan indikasi resistensi terhadap tiametoksam dengan nilai NR 1,8–3,1. Indikasi resistensi terhadap klorpirifos hanya ditunjukkan pada populasi asal Bogor (NR 1,5).
Analisis Kinerja Petugas Pengendali Organisme Pengganggu Tumbuhan di Kabupaten Subang Amir Mahmud; Hermanu Triwidodo; Ali Nurmansyah
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 3 (2021): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.26.3.392

Abstract

Petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan (OPT) pegawai negri sipil memiliki tugas pokok dan fungsi melakukan pengamatan, pengendalian OPT dan dampak perubahan iklim. Provinsi Jawa Barat hanya memiliki 122 orang petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan pegawai negri sipil, 123 orang petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan tenaga harian lepas yang membawahi 626 kecamatan. Jumlah tersebut setiap tahunnya akan terus berkurang, sehingga wilayah pengamatan setiap petugas akan menjadi lebih luas yang berakibat menurunnya tingkat efisiensi, akurasi, dan efektivitas pengamatan di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi kinerja petugas POPT di era digital saat ini dalam melakukan pengamatan dan peramalan OPT. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penentuan responden berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling, responden merupakan petugas POPT dengan jumlah 30 petugas. Hasil wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) menggunakan software Expert Choice. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan Petugas pengendali organisme pengganggu tumbuhan di Kabupaten Subang saat ini didominasi petugas yang berumur 21-30 tahun, pendidikan SMK/SMA dan S1, rata-rata pengalaman 5-10 tahun, dan status jabatan fungsional terbesar pada tenaga harian lepas. Analisis AHP menunjukkan kinerja petugas dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor dengan rasio konsistensinya 0,02, yaitu pelaporan dengan bobot prioritas 16%, fasilitas 15,6%, dan pengalaman 13,4%.
Dampak Penyakit Tanaman terhadap Pendapatan Petani Kubis-kubisan di Daerah Agropolitan Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat Teguh Pratama; Gede Suastika; Ali Nurmansyah
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 6 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (265.923 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.12.6.218

Abstract

Cruciferous vegetables are very important agricultural commodities for increasing  farmers  income. The main obstacles in their cultivation involved among others high level of pathogen infestation that may cause reduction in farmer’s income. This research was conducted to determine the main pathogens and their impact on farmer income in Agropolitan area of Cianjur Regency, West Java Province. The research was conducted through three activities, i.e. farmer survey, identification of the main pathogens, and measurement of disease intensity. The results showed that there were three main pathogens on assessed cruciferous vegetables, i.e. Alternaria brassiccicola (alternaria leaf spot), Plasmodiophora brassicae (clubroot), and Xanthomonas campestris (black rot), with disease intensity of 16.7%, 18.7%, and 15.1%, respectively. Clubroot disease was the most affecting disease in decreasing the  production of cruciferous vegetables and the farmer income. Incidence of clubroot disease with an average disease intensity of 16.67% might lead to the decrease of farming income about 24%–28%.
Pemodelan Keparahan Penyakit Blas pada Tanaman Padi di Kabupaten Subang Zulaika Zulaika; Bonny Poernomo Soekarno; Ali Nurmansyah
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (248.115 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.14.2.47

Abstract

Modelling on Rice Blast Disease Severity in Subang DistrictBlast disease (Pyricularia oryzae) is a major diseases of rice in Indonesia. Research related to modelling of  blast disease severity is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to design a statistical model on rice blast disease infestation on the rice paddy and to asses a correlation between the disease severity and infected seed level. The models were constructed based on multiple linier regression analyses. The study was conducted by observing the disease severity, collecting information about cultivation technique and weather conditions. The result of regression analysis showed severity modeling on influencing factors is Y = -67.17 + 5.51X1 – 10.54X2 + 13.26X3 + 8.51X4 + 2.29X5 + 1.32X6 + 8.47X7 + 0.31X8 + 4.53X9 (p-value <0.0001, R2 = 0.85). Nitrogen application and plant ages had significant effect on disease severity. The addition of N fertilizer increased the severity of blast disease by 8.47%. Increasing the daily life of plants increases the disease severity by 0.31%. The correlation (r) of pathogen infection after harvesting was strongly influenced by infection before planting with correlation value of 0.78. This means that the severity of seed disease after harvesting is influenced by 78% infection of pathogenic seed before planting. The result of regression analysis showed Y = 5.98 + 2.41X (p-value = 0.0076, R2 = 0.61). An increase of 1% pathogens carried by seed before planting will be increasing disease severity by 2.41% after harvesting. The results of this study can be used as a reference in preparing preventive control measure and reduce the risk of pathogen carried by seeds that act as a source of initial inoculum.
Keefektifan Perlakuan Fisik dan Minyak Atsiri untuk Mengeliminasi Bakteri Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis pada Benih Tomat Siti Tri Wahyuni; Ali Nurmansyah; Giyanto Giyanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 4 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (277.454 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.4.136

Abstract

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis is the causal agent of bacterial canker disease of tomato. The bacteria is seed borne and may cause yield loss up to 70%. Seed treatment is an alternative method for controlling bacterial canker. The objective of the research was to study the effectiveness of physical and essential oil treatment for elimination of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis from tomato seed. Research was conducted in 4 separate experiments, i.e. (1) screening essential oils to control C. michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis; (2) to determine the treatment window of physical and essential oil treatment; (3) to determine the physical and essential oil treatment on tomato seed infested by C. michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis; and (4) to determine the effectiveness of treatment combination of physical and essential oil. The results showed that betel oil at concentration of 8% had the greatest inhibitory level (approximately 27.33 mm). Hot water treatment (53 °C) for 25 minutes reduced 90.94% of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis population; whereas dry heat treatment (60 °C, 24 hours) and betel oil treatment at 0.25% concentration reduced C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis population (85.13 and 99.82% respectively). The combination of betel oil (0.5%), hot water (55 °C), and dry heat treatments (60 °C) was the most effective control method, because it reduced 99.99% of C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis population and maintained the germination level of seed up to 100%.  This combination might be recommended for seed treatment to eliminate C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis.
Keanekaragaman dan Patogenisitas Fusarium spp. Asal Beberapa Kultivar Pisang Widya Sari; Suryo Wiyono; Ali Nurmansyah; Abdul Munif; Roedhy Poerwanto
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1079.575 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.6.216

Abstract

Fusarium wilt disease caused by pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense is an important disease in banana plants. This research was aimed to identifiy Fusarium spp. collected from banana plants showing wilt disease based on morphology and molecular characters.  The fungi isolates obtained was further examined for its pathogenicity and distribution in various parts of banana plants.  Based on morphological characters, i.e. growth rate, total conidia, colony color, macroconidium, microconidium, and chlamydospores, F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense can be differentiated from other species of Fusarium, but not the strain. Molecular analysis using specific primers VCG 01213/16 and Foc1/Foc 2 successfully identified 13 and 7 isolates of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense non TR4, respectively.  Analysis using universal primer ITS4/ITS5 identified 7 isolates of F. solani, 1 isolate of F. verticillioides, and 2 isolates non Fusarium.  Infection of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 were found mostly in pseudo stems, whereas F. solani and F. verticillioides dominantly colonized banana corm. Pathogenicity test showed that F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense TR4 and non-TR4 caused necrosis on corm of cv. Ambon Kuning.  Similar necrosis symptom was also observed on infection of F. solani but with less severity.
Kisaran Inang Cowpea mild mottle virus dan Respons Varietas Kedelai Mimi Sutrawati; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Bonny Purnomo Wahyu Soekarno; Ali Nurmansyah; Gede Suastika
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 13 No. 6 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (616.923 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.13.6.229

Abstract

Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV) is one of important virus which infects soybean and become an endemic disease since the first time reported in Java and Sumatra. Research was conducted to study the host range of CPMMV and to evaluate response of new type soybean varieties to CPMMV specific isolate.  Host range study of CPMMV CR16 isolate was conducted by sap transmission method to 11 species of indicator plants, whereas evaluation of soybean response involved 10 varieties.  The resistance response of soybean variety was based on incubation period, and of either  the disease incidence or severity. Virus infection on test plants were confirmed by dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) using specific CPMMV antisera. The CPMMV CR16 isolate was able to infect systemically 8 plant species belongs to Leguminoceae, and Solancaeae; while the virus caused local infection on Amaranthaceae. All plant species infected systemically proved to become sources of inoculum for CPMMV when they used in back inoculation to soybean.  Response of soybean varieties to CPMMV CR16 isolate can be categorized into susceptible (Detam 1, Detam 2, Detam 3, Anjasmoro, Wilis), moderated (Detam 4, Malika, Dena 1) and resistant (Argomulyo and Grobogan).
Morfologi dan Morfometri Nematoda Sista Kentang (Globodera spp.) Asal Dataran Tinggi Dieng, Jawa Tengah Auliya Selamet; Supramana Supramana; Meity Suradji Sinaga; Ali Nurmansyah; Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (787.244 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.15.2.77-84

Abstract

The Morphology and Morphometry of Potato Cyst Nematodes (Globodera spp.) from Dataran Tinggi Dieng, Central JavaIn Indonesia, the potato cyst nematode (PCN) was first reported in 2003, at potato plantation in Batu, East Java. Golden cyst (Globodera rostochiensis) was detected in Bandung, West Java; Banjarnegara, Central Java; Batu, East Java; and Gowa, South Sulawesi, whereas the pale cyst (G. pallida) has been reported at limited distribution in Dataran Tinggi Dieng (Central Java). The aim of this research was to identify the Globodera species of Dataran Tinggi Dieng based on morphological and morphometrical methods. Soil samples were collected from Dieng plateau at 30 selected potato plantations ranging from 1 100 – 2 100 m above sea level. The identification of PCN was done by observing the morphological and morphometrical key characters of cysts and second juveniles (J2). Two species of Globodera, that are G. rostochiensis and G. pallida, were identified from soil samples. The key characters of G. pallida including distinct forward projection of J2 stylet knob, granek’s ratio value less than 3, and number of cuticular ridges between vulval basin and anus are less than 12 were identified. There were 25 specimens that having granek’s ratio less than 3, and 10 specimens having cuticular ridges number less than 12. G. rostochiensis which has the shape of a stylet knob protrudes posteriorly and the value of the granek’s ratio greater than 3.5 was identified in 30 specimens. 
Simulasi Sebaran Penyakit Blas Pada Tanaman Padi Menggunakan Model Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation: Studi Kasus Kabupaten Karawang dan Purwakarta Busyairi Latiful Ashar; Ali Nurmansyah; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 15 No 2 (2019)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (741.219 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.15.2.59-68

Abstract

Dispersal Simulation of Rice Blast Disease Using Spatial Multi Criteria Evalution Model: Case Study In District of Karawang and PurwakartaRice blast is caused by Pyricularia oryzae. The potential epidemic of this disease can be spatially simulated using the MCA (Multi Criteria Analysis) method based on geographical characteristics, cultivation practices, and eviromental condition. A software that can be used for MCA is SMCE (Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation). This study was aimed to predict the spatial dispersal of blast disease using SMCE model, and identify the factors that supports the epidemic. The study was conducted in February - August 2018 in Karawang and Purwakarta District. The research methods include observing the severity of blast disease, cultivation practices and environmental conditions, and analyzing SMCE. The SMCE analysis uses rice crop maps from the Sistem Monitoring Pertanaman Padi (Simotandi), which consists of grouping factors, standardizing factors, and weighting factors. The SMCE results are a simulation map of blast disease dispersal which is then compiled with predictions of its severity. Accuracy of prediction results was evaluated by MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) based on observational data on actual disease severity. The prediction results for Karawang and Purwakarta showed means of accuration 78.16% and 73.95% respectively. In general, factors that have a strong influence on the development of blast disease include altitude, distance from source of the epidemic, history of disease in the fields, number of spores (inoculum) trapped, irrigation quality, application of herbicides, soil nutrient (N, P, K) contents and the level of soil acidity.
Yellow mosaic Disease on Soybean Mimi Sutrawati; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Bonny Purnomo Wahyu Soekarno; Ali Nurmansyah
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 16 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (385.929 KB) | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.16.1.30-36

Abstract

Ledakan penyakit mosaik kuning yang disebabkan oleh Mungbean yellow mosaic India Begomovirus (MYMIV) terjadi pada tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) di Jawa pada 2008. Namun penyakit ini belum dilaporkan di daerah lainnya di Indonesia. Tanaman kedelai di Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Bantul, DI Yogyakarta, dan Musi Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan menunjukkan gejala sistemik berupa mosaik kuning pada daun dengan tulang daun lebih gelap (vein banding) dan diduga terinfeksi MYMIV. Deteksi dan identifikasi virus dilakukan dengan metode polimerase chain reaction (PCR) dengan menggunakan primer spesifik MYMIV. Hasil amplifikasi menghasilkan pita DNA berukuran 1000 pb. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tanaman kedelai yang bergejala mosaik kuning dari Cirebon, Bantul, Musi Banyuasin, dan positif terinfeksi MYMIV. Hasil analisis homologi sikuen nukleotida tanaman kedelai yang terinfeksi MYMIV asal Cirebon mempunyai homologi yang tinggi (98.6-99.2 %) dengan MYMIV dari Tegal, Subang, Klaten, Magelang, Brebes, dan Bogor yang menginfeksi tanaman kacang panjang. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan bahwa isolat MYMIV Cirebon berada satu kelompok dengan semua sikuen MYMIV di Indonesia dan Oman, namun terpisah dengan kelompok MYMIV dari Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan dan India. Sikuen isolat MYMIV Cirebon telah didaftarkan ke GenBank dengan nomor aksesi LC481009. Sebelumnya MYMIV dilaporkan pada kedelai di Jawa tahun 2013. Temuan ini merupakan laporan pertama infeksi MYMIV pada kedelai di luar Jawa (Musi Banyuasin, Sumatera Selatan).
Co-Authors . Giyanto . Supramana Abdul Munif Akhmad Rizal Akhmad Rizali Amir Mahmud Ariffatchur Fauzi Auliya Selamet AUNU RAUF Bonny Poernomo Soekarno Bonny Purnomo Wahyu Soekarno Bonny Purnomo Wahyu Soekarno Busyairi Latiful Ashar Dadan Hindayana DADANG DADANG DAMAYANTI BUCHORI Darmayanti Buchori Dede Maryana DEWI SARTIAMI Gede Suastika Gede Suastika Giyanto Giyanto Hendrival Hendrival Hermanu Triwidodo I Wayan Laba Inrianti Sari Handayani Irvan Zidni Ita Fitriana Kikin H Mutaqin Magdalena Magdalena Meity Suradji Sinaga Mimi Sutrawati Mubin, Nadzirum Muhamad Nurhuda Nugraha Muhammad Zainal Fanani Nhyra Kamala Putri Nirma Septia Ramlan Anjas PURNAMA HIDAYAT ROEDHY POERWANTO Roschon Ubaidillah Siti Tri Wahyuni SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sugeng Santoso Suryo Wiyono Teguh Pratama Utami, Aidha Widodo Widodo Widya Sari Zulaika Zulaika