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Fase Perkembangan Bunga dan Kandungan Gula Endogen pada Pembungaan Hoya diversifolia Blume. Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
Jurnal Agro Teknologi Tropika Vol 3, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Jurnal Agro Teknologi Tropika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Hoya diversifolia Blume (Asclepiadaceae) is one of Indonesianâs native plants that has potential to be developedas ornamental plant. The short flowering period in one year, however, is a big problem in developing Hoya as anornamental plant. The objective of this research was to determine the flower developmental phases and to study thecorrelation of endogenous sugar content with floral induction of H. diversifolia Bl. Morphological and anatomicalobservations showed that floral development of H. diversifolia Bl. consisted of 6 phases i.e. induction, early initiation,late initiation, differentiation, flower maturity, and anthesis. Total sugars and sucrose content were not significantlydifferent between inductive and non-inductive buds, while the amount of reducing sugar were significantly higher in theinductive buds (7.40 mg g-1 fresh weight) compared to non-inductive buds (4.14 mg g-1 fresh weight).Key words: Asclepiadaceae, flowering plant, Indonesian native ornamental plant

Parameter Genetik dan Seleksi Sorgum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] Populasi F4 Hasil Single Seed Descent (SSD) Sulistyowati, Yuli; koesoemaningtyas, Tri; Sopandie, Didy; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Nugroho, Satya
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 12, No 2 (2016): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

The objective of this study were to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters of sorghum populations derived from Single Seed Descent (SSD) method, and to estimate selection differensial and also to select of F4 population that have a high yield and medium plant height . The experiment was carried out at Leuwikopo Farm, Darmaga, Bogor from January to April 2014. The genetic material were F4 population derived from SSD. The results showed that based on the skewness and kurtosis values, all of the agronomy characters observed in this study were poligenic controlled and influenced by additive gene action. The genetic coefficient of variability values for all parameters varied from intermediate to high in F4 population. Agronomic characters in F4 responded positively to selection because of high broad sense heritability estimates. Correlation analysis showed that plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, panicle length, panicle weight and 100 seed weight have significant and positive correlation to grain yield/plant. Differential value with selection intensity 10 % based on grain yield/plant will increase grain yield/plant 83.89 % and plant height 8.91 % in the next generation, whereas differensial value based on grain yield/plant and plant height will increase grain yield/plants 68.33 % and plant height 0.26 % in the next generation. It means that selected plant were expected increasing yield 83.89 % or 68.33 % in next generation.Keywords: heritability, cefficient genetic variability, correlation analysis, selection differential

ADAPTASI TANAMAN Hoya diversifolia BLUME PADA INTENSITAS CAHAYA TINGGI [ ADAPTATION OF Hoya diversifolia BLUME TO HIGH-LIGHT INTENSITY ] Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Rahayu, Sri; Susila, Anas D; Sopandie, Didy
AGRITROP Vol 12, No 1 (2014): Agritrop: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember

Hoya diversifolia Blume merupakan salah satu anggota famili Asclepiadaceae yang potensial dikembangkan sebagai tanaman hias, terutama sebagai dekorasi pergola. Akan tetapi, tanaman ini hidup pada kondisi ternaung di habitat aslinya dan pertumbuhannya pada kondisi cahaya matahari penuh belum diketahui. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari adaptasi tanaman H. diversifolia Bl. pada intensitas cahaya yang berbeda. Penelitian disusun berdasarkan rancangan tersarang, dengan satu faktor dan tiga ulangan. Ulangan tersarang di dalam intensitas cahaya yang terdiri atas tiga taraf, yaitu 28.2 (cahaya penuh), 20.8 (37% naungan) dan 10.1 Klux (64% naungan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun tidak dipengaruhi oleh intensitas cahaya. Tanaman yang ditanam pada kondisi cahaya penuh memiliki jumlah buku lebih sedikit, daun yang lebih tipis, dan warna daun yang kekuningan. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa H. diversifolia Bl. dapat ditanam pada kondisi naungan hingga ternaung sebagian, dan menanam pada kondisi cahaya matahari penuh tidak direkomendasikan. Kata kunci: Asclepiadaceae, intensitas cahaya, naungan, tanaman hias

Improvement of Shelf Life and Sensory Quality of Pummelos by Fruit Waxing and Wrapping Aji, Titistyas Gusti; Susanto, Slamet; Sukma, Dewi; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2017): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

The aims of this study were to evaluate the physical and chemical change of pummelo fruit during storage with waxing and wrapping, and to determine the effect of waxing and wrapping and their its interaction in affecting shelf life of pummelo fruits. This research was arranged in a randomized complete block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was waxing consisted of without waxing, 10% beeswax, 5% beeswax, and chitosan. The second factor was wrapping consisted of without wrapping and wrapping using either transparent yellow or white plastic wrap. Pummelo fruits experience weight loss, reduced total soluble solid (TSS), decrease in firmness and total acidity during 48 days of storage in room temperature. Waxing using beeswax or wrapping using plastic wraps significantly suppressed weight loss and maintained fruit firmness compared to those without waxing and wrapping. However, waxing and wrapping did not significantly affect the quality of pummelo fruits. Based on the fruit’s weight loss, firmness, and panelist preferences, 5% or 10% bees wax can be used as waxing. Both transparent yellow and white plastic wraps can be used to maintain fruit weight, firmness, and appearances during storage.

Biodiversity Assessment of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.) Genotypes Based on RAPD Marker ARDIE, Sintho Wahyuning; Khumaida, Nurul; Fauziah, Nurul; Yudiansyah, Yudiansyah
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 4 No 1 (2017): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is an important crop in areas where harsh environmental conditions limit crop productivity, including in high salinity and drought prone areas. In Indonesia millet is cultivated in certain areas; however, superior varieties are less developed in the country. The objective of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity among foxtail genotypes using RAPD markers. Genomic DNA of ten foxtail millet genotypes was amplified using 26 random primers through RAPD analysis. Of these primers, 22 produced reproducible amplicons and were polymorphic among the 10 foxtail millet genotypes. The number of polymorphic markers for each primer varied from 1 (primer E15) to 14 (primer M17). The amplified product size ranged from 120 to 2500 base pairs (bp). A dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA clustering method put all genotypes in 5 distinct groups at 0.64 coefficient level. Diverse genotypes identified in this study can be used as potential parents in an efficient crop improvement program.

PARAMETER GENETIK DAN SELEKSI SORGUM [SORGHUM BICOLOR (L.) MOENCH] POPULASI F4 HASIL SINGLE SEED DESCENT (SSD) Sulistyowati, Yuli; koesoemaningtyas, Tri; Sopandie, Didy; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Nugroho, Satya
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 12, No 2 (2016): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v12i2.2878

The objective of this study were to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters of sorghum populations derived from Single Seed Descent (SSD) method, and to estimate selection differensial and also to select of F4 population that have a high yield and medium plant height . The experiment was carried out at Leuwikopo Farm, Darmaga, Bogor from January to April 2014. The genetic material were F4 population derived from SSD. The results showed that based on the skewness and kurtosis values, all of the agronomy characters observed in this study were poligenic controlled and influenced by additive gene action. The genetic coefficient of variability values for all parameters varied from intermediate to high in F4 population. Agronomic characters in F4 responded positively to selection because of high broad sense heritability estimates. Correlation analysis showed that plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, panicle length, panicle weight and 100 seed weight have significant and positive correlation to grain yield/plant. Differential value with selection intensity 10 % based on grain yield/plant will increase grain yield/plant 83.89 % and plant height 8.91 % in the next generation, whereas differensial value based on grain yield/plant and plant height will increase grain yield/plants 68.33 % and plant height 0.26 % in the next generation. It means that selected plant were expected increasing yield 83.89 % or 68.33 % in next generation.Keywords: heritability, cefficient genetic variability, correlation analysis, selection differential

Nonparametric Stability Analysis of Starch Content of Gamma Irradiated Cassava at Three Locations in West Java, Indonesia Agustina, Ferra Anggita; Khumaida, Nurul; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Syukur, Muhamad
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 7 No 02 (2020): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Cassava is one of the largest starch producing tuber crops in Indonesia. Tapioca from cassava starch can be used as a raw materials for a variety of foods including biscuits, instant porridge, meatball, sausage, nuggets, and flour condiment. Breeding programs to improve cassava yield and starch content by using mutagen gamma rays irradiation was tested in four cassava generations (M1V4). Cassava is propagated by stem cuttings and the new characteristic obtained from gamma irradiation mutation is stable and can be passed from one generation to the next. Cassava mutants were obtained by evaluating the performance in different environmental conditions. The testing of yield adaptability and stability through a series of multi location is an important step before a new variety can be released. The aim of this research was to compare nonparametric stability and to evaluate the stability of the starch content of 16 genotypes (14 mutants and 2 varieties) in three locations in West Java Province i.e. Tapos (Depok), Cikarawang (Bogor), and Ciseeng (Bogor). Experiments were conducted in a completely randomized block design with three replications nested in each environment. Testing of yield stability in this study used four approaches with 10 parameters of nonparametric method. Starch content was estimated using gravimetric method. Based on frequency stability ranking of starch content from gravimetric method the G63142 genotype had the highest starch content estimation (29.99%), and the top five genotypes with high starch content were G63142, G61142, “Manggu”, G62151, and G63124. G61142 was categorized as genotype with static and dynamic stability, therefore this genotype is a very potential mutant to be released, whereas G63124 is categorized as a genotype with a static stability. Genotypes G63142, G62151, and “Manggu” had variable but relatively high starch content.

Pests and Diseases in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) Cultivated in The Greenhouse Khairani, Hagia Sophia; Nurulalia, Lia; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 8 No 03 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.03.146-153

Greenhouse ecosystem with more stable abiotic factors could affect the population and diversity of pests and diseases found on foxtail millet (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) compared to their natural ecosystems. We observed and identified pests and diseases in seven genotypes of foxtail millet namely “Toraja”, “ICERI 5”, “ICERI 6”, “Botok 4”, “Botok 10”, “Mauliru”, and “Hambapraing”; these activities are important for the formulation of appropriate integrated pest management techniques. Using plant samples that were at the end of their vegetative phase, we found white mycelia of Fusarium incarnatum (yellowish-white colonies) and F. verticilloides (violetish-pink colonies) covering the ear-tip of the seeds and developed rapidly leading to seed rotten symptoms in “Toraja”, “ICERI 5”, and “ICERI 6”. The disease severity remained constant after these integrated management techniques were put in place. However, abnormalities in leaves leading to failure of panicle emergence occurred in “Botok 4”, “Botok 10”, “Mauliru”, and “Hambapraing”. These were caused by the fungi Penicillium sp. Identical controlling techniques were applied to this incidence and the disease incidence was reduced. Corn leaf aphids (Rhophalosiphum maidis) and rice mealybugs (Brevenia rehi) were recorded as main insect pests with severe attack. The aphid, R. maidis, colonized the stems and were associated with the sooty mold (Capnodium sp.), resulting in wilting. The mealybugs, B. rehi, colonized the flag leaves resulting in leaf rotting. Insecticide and isolating the attacked plants were used as the controlling techniques. Red-mites (Tetranychus urticae) were also detected as indicated by chlorotic spots on the upper part of the leaves. Acaricide was used to reduce its population. The pests and diseases found in the seven genotypes of foxtail millet are commonly known to occur in Poaceae. In general, greenhouse ecosystem for foxtail millet facilitated planting with high population with lower diversity of pests and diseases compared to the open field planting.

Harvesting Criteria and Drying Methods to Improve the Quality of Foxtail Millet Seeds (Setaria italica L. Beauv.) Lainufar, Putri Aulia; Qadir, Abdul; Suhartanto, M. Rahmad; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 8 No 03 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.03.168-176

Foxtail millet is annual grasses with grains that are smaller than those of sorghum, rice, and wheat, and is considered one of the minor economic crops but with nutritional values similar to other major food crops. The development of millet as major cereal crop is considered challenging due to the low quality of its seeds, and studies have been conducted to improve millet’s seed quality. We conducted this study to determine the harvesting criteria of foxtail millet seeds based on the change in color of the panicles. We also wanted to determine the drying treatment, and evaluate the relationship between the position of the seed on the panicles and the seed viability and vigor. The first experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with panicle color as the first factor (green, yellow 75%, and brown) and drying time as the second factor (0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours). The second experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with seed position as the main factor (base, middle, tip). The study was conducted on two genotypes of millet, i.e. “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10”. The highest seed quality of “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10” genotypes were obtained when the panicles were brown and dried for 72 hours; the seed chlorophyll content was the lowest and water content was 8.88%, with the highest viability and vigor, i.e., germination rate of 88.3%-90%, maximum growth potential of 92%-95.3%, normal sprout dry weight 596-620 mg, vigor index of 33.6% - 21.6%, and growth rate of 18.2%-17.1% etmal-1. The highest seed viability and vigor in “BOTOK 4” genotypes were obtained from the base position, i.e., 78.7% germination rate, maximum growth potential of 83.7%, vigor index of 56.5%, growth speed of 19.6 etmal-1, normal sprout dry weight of 48 mg, radicle length of 3.3 cm) and “BOTOK 10” genotypes from the middle position with 91.5% germination, maximum growth potential of 97.2%, vigor index of 21.7%, growth speed of 17.0% etmal-1, and normal sprout dry weight 61 mg.

Perakitan Varietas Padi Adaptif pada Tanah dengan Kandungan Fosfor Suboptimum Hermanasari, Rini; Ardie, Sintho Wahyuning; Suwarno, Suwarno; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial
Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Vol 1, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan

Adaptive rice varieties on P sub-optimum condition can be used by farmer to resolve the high macro fertilizer used, these varieties should be applied on rice field with P low input. Phosphor deficiency decreasing potentiality of result, therefore needs to develop rice promising lines that adaptive with P Sub-Optimum condition. The objective of this researched is to generate rice lines that adaptive on field with P sub-optimum condition and optimum through rice lines selection on the availability of difference P condition. The materials used are two population generation of F3, IR6008023/Bernas Prima and Gampai/Progol. The researched held at experiment station Muara, Bogor and Leuwiliang, West Java,Â started from April 2012 untill December 2014. F3 generation planted on P sub-optimum condition at Muara station, until obtained F4 and F5 population generations. Population of those two generations has been selected using bulk modification method and planted on environment conditions of P optimum (36 kg ha-1Pâ‚‚Oâ‚…)Â and sub-optimum (without P fertilizer) so that generate F6 population generation. Rice lines 160 of F6 generation selected by panicle weight characteristic per hill. Those rice lines evaluated on two production environment, P optimum and P sub-optimum. Experiment on F6 generation was done using Augmented design. The result of the experiment shows that selection of bulk modification method effecive towards production environment of P optimum andÂ P sub-optimum. The potential yield of promising rice lines more gained from Pop 1 population (IR6008023/ Bernas Prima), while tolarance on P sub-optimum condition gained from Pop 2 population (Gampai/Progol). 5 promising rice lines with high yield on P sub-optimum production environment are : B1451E-PS-40, B1451E-PS-21, B1452E-PS-48, B1452E-PS-43 and B1452E-PS-8, whereas rice lines with high yield on P optimum are: B1452E-PO-13, B1451E-PO-27, B1452E-PO-45, B1451E-PS-44 and B1452E-PO-8.

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