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GENETIC CONTROL OF SOYBEAN RESISTANCE TO SOYBEAN POD SUCKER (Riptortus linearis L.) Asadi, Asadi; Purwantoro, Aziz; Yakub, Sahiral
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 34, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

Riptortus linearis represents the most common pod sucking pest on soybean. Genetic studies on inheritance of resistance to the pest are needed. The study used B4400 and B3802 genotypes as resistant parents, Tambora as susceptible parent. Crosses were made to form F2 population of Tambora x B4400, and Tambora x B3802. A total of 10-20 seeds each of resistant and susceptible parents, 220 F2 seeds of Tambora x B4400 crosses, and 232 F2 seeds of Tambora x B3802 crosses were grown in pots, one plant/pot. The plants were infested with adult R. linearis (riptortus), at the R2 stage. The results showed that the population of riptortus in each of the F2 soybean population at 7 and 15 days after infestation were >2 insects/25 plants, which enables the study of genetic resistance to soybean pod sucker. Heritability values indicated that resistance to pod sucker was controlled by genetic factors. The resistance to riptortus in B4400 and B3802 genotypes was controlled by two recessive genes located at different loci, and interacted with each other with epistatic dominant reaction. With an assumption that B and C genes were dominant, hence the resistance genes found in both soybean genotypes were bbcc.   Keywords: genetic resistance, soybean pod sucker Riptortus linearis L.
OBTAINING Artemisia cina POLYPLOIDY THROUGH PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR TREATMENT IN SHOOT CULTURE Herawati, Maria Marina; Pudjihartati, Endang; Pramono, Suwijiyo; Sulistyaningsih, Endang; Purwantoro, Aziz
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 37, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

Artemisia cina is a medicinal plant species which produces bioactive compound potential to anti-tumor, antifungal and antibacterial medicines. This study was aimed to obtain A. cina polyploid plants through a treatment of growth regulators in shoot culture. The shoot were treated in 1; 15; 2; and 3 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) combined with 1; 1.5; 2; 3 mg L-1 of Benzyladenine (BA) for 28 days. Chromosome analysis showed that the highest polyploidy percentage, 23%, was reached in the treatment of 2 mg L-1 of 2,4-D combined with 1 of BA mg L-1. The polyploidy level varied, comprising 2n=3x, 2n=4x, 2n=5x, 2n=6x, with the highest polyploidy level percentage, 28.57%, and it was attained in the tetraploid (2n=4x). Polyploid plants had larger leaves area, larger stomatal size, and higher chlorophyll content than diploid plants. However stomatal density of polyploidy plants was lower than that of in diploid plants.Keywords: 2,4-D, Artemisia cina, BA, polyploidy
Micropropagation of Dendrobium phalaenopsis Orchid Through Overexpression of Embryo Gene AtRKD4 Setiari, Nintya; Purwantoro, Aziz; Moeljopawiro, Sukarti; Semiarti, Endang
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 40, No 2 (2018): JUNE
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v40i2.1690

Abstract

To increase the efficiency of crop production from Dendrobium phalaenopsis orchids, mass propagation has been performed by inducing somatic embryogenesis through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of the Arabidopsis embryo gene AtRKD4 into orchid protocorm (developing orchid embryo). The three-week-old protocorms of D. phalaenopsis were genetically transformed with T-DNA carrying 35S :: GAL4 :: AtRKD4 :: GR through A. tumefaciens strain EHA 105. The cultures were maintained in VW medium with 10 mg L-1 Hygromycin. Due to the existence of glucocorticoid response element (GR) in the T-DNA construct, the transformed protocorms were transferred into VW medium with the addition of 15 μM Dexamethasone in 6 weeks after transformation to activate the transgene. A total of 12% protocorms has been confirmed for Hyg + by using PCR. The expression of embryo gene AtRKD4 was confirmed by cDNA analysis using AtRKD4 specific primers and Actin primers as a positive control experiment. The expression level of AtRKD4 in 2.5-month-old D. phalaenopsis transformant shoots was 7 times higher than non-transformant plants, and increased to 86 times higher in 8-months, that much higher than that of non-transformant. These results provide an improved method for genetic transformation of D. Phalaenopsis and will (eventually) increase production efficiency in the future.
OBTAINING Artemisia cina POLYPLOIDY THROUGH PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR TREATMENT IN SHOOT CULTURE Purwantoro, Aziz; Herawati, Maria Marina; Pudjihartati, Endang; Pramono, Suwijiyo; Sulistyaningsih, Endang
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 37, No 2 (2015): JUNE
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v37i2.490

Abstract

Artemisia cina is a medicinal plant species which produces bioactive compound potential to anti-tumor, antifungal and antibacterial medicines. This study was aimed to obtain A. cina polyploid plants through a treatment of growth regulators in shoot culture. The shoot were treated in 1; 15; 2; and 3 mg L-1 of 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) combined with 1; 1.5; 2; 3 mg L-1 of Benzyladenine (BA) for 28 days. Chromosome analysis showed that the highest polyploidy percentage, 23%, was reached in the treatment of 2 mg L-1 of 2,4-D combined with 1 of BA mg L-1. The polyploidy level varied, comprising 2n=3x, 2n=4x, 2n=5x, 2n=6x, with the highest polyploidy level percentage, 28.57%, and it was attained in the tetraploid (2n=4x). Polyploid plants had larger leaves area, larger stomatal size, and higher chlorophyll content than diploid plants. However stomatal density of polyploidy plants was lower than that of in diploid plants.
PREDIKSI GENOTIPE TETUA JAGUNG BERBULIR UNGU BERDASARKAN KESESUAIAN NISBAH HARAPAN PADA BULIR S1 DAN S2 Pamandungan, Yefta; Purwantoro, Aziz; Basunanda, Panjisakti
EUGENIA Vol 18, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.18.3.2012.4097

Abstract

ABSTRACT   The research was aimed to determine the parent genotypes of purple corn by the similarity of expected ratio on kernels S1 and S2 using four locus models, Pr/pr, C/c, R/r and Y/y genes. The study was conducted in two phases, namely, 1) Making the individuals of selfing to-1 (S1), and 2) Making the individuals of selfing to-2 (S2). Observed data in the form of kernel per ear of corn was separated by the characters of purple, yellow and white color then analyzed by using the Chi-square Test. The results showed that the offspring genotype from selfing on the base population can be predicted by looking at the suitability between the offspring and parental genotypes based on the ratio of expectation. Parent genotypes prediction on the base population of selfing were PrPrCcRrYy, PrPrCcRryy, PrPrCcRrYY, PrPrCcRRYY and PrPrCCRrYY. Keywords: parent genotypes, purple kernel, corn ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui genotipe tetua jagung berbulir ungu berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan nisbah harapan pada bulir S1 dan S2 menggunakan model empat lokus yaitu gen Pr/pr, C/c, R/r dan Y/y. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap yaitu, 1) pembuatan individu hasil selfing ke-1 (S1), dan 2) pembuatan individu hasil selfing ke-2 (S2). Data hasil pengamatan berupa bulir jagung per tongkol yang dipisahkan berdasarkan karakter warna ungu, kuning dan putih selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji khi kuadrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe keturunan hasil selfing pada populasi dasar dapat diprediksi dengan melihat kesesuaian antara genotipe keturunan dan tetua berdasarkan nisbah harapan. Prediksi genotipe tetua pada populasi dasar selfing adalah PrPrCcRrYy, PrPrCcRryy, PrPrCcRrYY, PrPrCcRRYY dan PrPrCCRrYY. Kata kunci: genotipe tetua, berbulir ungu, jagung
IDENTIFIKASI KROMOSOM HOMOLOG MELALUI DETEKSI NUCLEOLUS ORGANIZER REGIONS DENGAN PEWARNAAN AgNO3 PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH Puspita, Andin; Setiawan, Agus Budi; Purwantoro, Aziz; Sulistyaningsih, Endang
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1142.116 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i1.3693

Abstract

Generally, the standard procedure for karyotype analysis of shallot is sorted by chromosome sizes. Therefore, the identification of homologous chromosomes is difficult without using a specific probe. Nucleolus Organizing Regions (NORs) can be used as a probe for precise identification of homologous chromosomes. However, the use of NORs for plant karyotyping in Indonesia is poorly investigated. In this study, shallot chromosomes were prepared using modified Carnoy’s solution II, fixed in Carnoy’s solution, and stained by using aceto-carmine and AgNO3 for detecting NORs. Chromosome images were analyzed by CHIAS IV. One locus NOR bearing chromosome pair was detected at metaphase and interphase, and it was located at short arms of subtelomeric chromosome number 6. NORs can be used as a probe for precise identification of homologous chromosomes in shallot. Therefore, this technique has the potential to be applied on species closely related to shallot and on other plant species.Keywords: AgNO3, chromosome condensation, NORs, shallot chromosome, shallot karyotype ABSTRAKProsedur kariotipe untuk bawang merah umumnya masih disusun berdasarkan ukuran kromosom, sehingga diperlukan suatu penanda yang dapat mengidentifikasi kromosom homolog secara presisi. Identifikasi kromosom homolog secara presisi menggunakan suatu penanda, khususnya deteksi Nucleolus Organizing Regions (NORs), yang di Indonesia masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat kariotipe dan mengidentifikasi kromosom homolog bawang merah melalui deteksi NORs menggunakan metode pewarnaan AgNO3. Proses fiksasi akar dilakukan dengan menggunakan modifikasi larutan Carnoy II, lalu difiksasi dengan larutan Carnoy, dan kromosom diwarnai dengan aceto-carmine dan larutan AgNO3 untuk mendeteksi NORs. Selanjutnya, citra kromosom dianalisis menggunakan CHIAS IV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sepasang NORs yang terdeteksi pada fase metafase dan interfase yang  terletak pada bagian lengan pendek di kromosom subtelosentrik nomor 6. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar di bidang sitogenetika bawang merah untuk mengidentifikasi kromosom homolog secara presisi menggunakan penanda NOR. Oleh karenanya, teknik ini dapat diaplikasikan pada spesies yang berdekatan dengan bawang merah dan komoditas tanaman lainnya.Kata Kunci: AgNO3, kariotipe bawang, kondensasi kromosom, kromosom bawang, NORs
KAJIAN SITOMORFOLOGI DAUN KEMBANG KERTAS (ZINNIA ELEGANS) YANG DIINDUKSI KOLKISINA Tamam, M. Badrut; Handayani, Niken S. N.; Purwantoro, Aziz
Sains & Matematika Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Oktober, Sains & Matematika
Publisher : Sains & Matematika

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Abstract

Sel epidermis daun kembang kertas (Zinnia elegans) memiliki bentuk polihedral. Formasi pembentukan pavement cell dikendalikan oleh mikrotubula dan filamen aktin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan pengaruh induksi kolkisina terhadap sitomorfologi daun kembang kertas. Konsentrasi perlakuan kolkisina yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni 0,01% dengan waktu lama perendaman yang berbeda. Biji kembang kertas diperlakukan dengan periode perendaman yang terdiri dari 0 jam (kontrol), 12 jam, 24 jam, 36 jam, dan 48 jam. Karakter morfologi dan anatomi yang diteliti adalah lebar dan panjang daun, bentuk pavement cell, serta lebar dan panjang stomata. Analisis sitologis dilakukan dengan menggunakan flowcytometry. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian kolkisina meningkatkan varian lebar dan panjang daun dan stomata jika dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Analisis sitologis dengan menggunakan fl owcytometry menunjukkan tidak adanya poliplodi namun puncak perhitungan sel mengalami penurunan. Perendaman dengan menggunakan kolkisina 0,01% mempengaruhi karakter sitomorfologi daun kembang kertas. Epidermal cells of dahlia fl owered (Zinnia elegans) leaves are polyhedral shape. The formation of pavement cell has been considered to be controlled by microtubule and/or actin fi lament organization. The aim of this research was to study the effect of colchicine induction in cytomorphological of dahlia fl owered leaves. The concentration of colchicine used for treatment was 0.01% with different soaking time. Zinnia elegans seeds were soaked in colchicine for different soaking time period, which were 0 hour (control), 12 hours, 24 hours, 36 hours, and 48 hours. Morphological and anatomical characters investigated were width and length leaves, shape of pavement cell, stomata width and length. Cytology analysis was done by using fl owcytometry. The result of this research showed that colchicine application increased the variance of leaves width and length and stomata width and length compared to control. Cytological investigation using fl owcytometry showed that polyploidy was absent but the peak of cell counting was decrease. The soaking with colchicine 0.01% affected cytomorphological characters of dahlia fl owered leaves.
The Influence of Thidiazuron on Direct Somatic Embryo Formation from Various Types of Explant in Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume Orchid Windi Mose; Ari Indrianto; Aziz Purwantoro; Endang Semiarti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 24 No. 4 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1348.365 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.24.4.201

Abstract

Phalaenopsis amabilis is an important national flower of Indonesia as a parent for orchidbreeding, so that needs a good strategy to produce high number of plants. The objective of this research is to analyze the use of thidiazuron (TDZ) for producing high number of plantlets, through directly induction of somatic embryos (SEs) from various explants. The method was used 20 each of protocorms, leaves, stems and roots as explants. The explants were dissected transversely, then put on various culture media: New Phalaenopsis (NP) and NP + (1, 2, 3) mgL−1 TDZ. Cultures were maintained at 25°C with continous white light. The formation of SEs was observed every week for 8 weeks. The results showed that SEs formation increased inline with the addition of TDZ concentration to the NP medium, for both velocity and amount of SEs formation. In NP0, SEs were formed at (26.07 ± 0.73) days after inoculation of protocorm, whereas on NP + (1, 2, and 3 mgL−1) TDZ, SEs were formed at (17.85 ± 0.67) days, (15 ± 0.64) days, and (11 ± 0.64) days, respectively. All types of explants formed SEs on NP + TDZ (1–3 mgL−1), whereas only 14 of 20 protocorms produced SEs (70%), and 8 of 20 stems formed SEs (40%) in NP0. In roots, SEs was formed on NP + 2 mgL−1 TDZ and NP + 3 mgL−1 TDZ. For stems, the highest amount of SEs (28.25 ± 1.07) was reached on NP + 3 mgL−1 TDZ, followed by protocorm (23.30 ± 1.13) SEs and roots (8.25 ± 0.68) SEs. In contrast, in NP0, the amount of SEs was very low (1.25 ± 0.46) from stem and (1.50 ± 0.65) from protocorms, there was no evidence of SEs formation in the leaves and roots.
In Vitro Germination and Flowering of Dendrobium capra J.J. Smith, An Endemic Orchid of Java Muhammad Dylan Lawrie; Zulfa Layina; Della Rosiana Ningtias; Falah Nur Alifianto; Ari Indrianto; Aziz Purwantoro; Endang Semiarti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 28 No. 2 (2021): April 2021
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.28.2.172

Abstract

Dendrobium capra is an Indonesian endemic orchid species that live in Java. It grows on low altitude with warm climate. D. capra has beautiful small yellow greenish flower that grow in raceme inflorescence. This orchid faces a threat in its natural habitat due to having a long life cycle and a forestry main commodity as a main host thus categorized as Appendix II on CITES list. To address that problem, ex situ conservation approach using in vitro culture method is necessary. Germination enhancement effort using complex organic substances found that 200 ml/l tomato extract gave best germination result. Analysis on D. capra plantlet growth also showed that MS medium produced better plantlet size than NP, VW and KC medium. Supplementing medium with a combination of NAA and TDZ has also successfully induced early flowering within 11 month of culture period. This information is important to achieve successful in vitro culture of D. capra for various purposes.
IDENTIFIKASI KROMOSOM HOMOLOG MELALUI DETEKSI NUCLEOLUS ORGANIZER REGIONS DENGAN PEWARNAAN AgNO3 PADA TANAMAN BAWANG MERAH Andin Puspita; Agus Budi Setiawan; Aziz Purwantoro; Endang Sulistyaningsih
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2020): June 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1142.116 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jbbi.v7i1.3693

Abstract

Generally, the standard procedure for karyotype analysis of shallot is sorted by chromosome sizes. Therefore, the identification of homologous chromosomes is difficult without using a specific probe. Nucleolus Organizing Regions (NORs) can be used as a probe for precise identification of homologous chromosomes. However, the use of NORs for plant karyotyping in Indonesia is poorly investigated. In this study, shallot chromosomes were prepared using modified Carnoy’s solution II, fixed in Carnoy’s solution, and stained by using aceto-carmine and AgNO3 for detecting NORs. Chromosome images were analyzed by CHIAS IV. One locus NOR bearing chromosome pair was detected at metaphase and interphase, and it was located at short arms of subtelomeric chromosome number 6. NORs can be used as a probe for precise identification of homologous chromosomes in shallot. Therefore, this technique has the potential to be applied on species closely related to shallot and on other plant species.Keywords: AgNO3, chromosome condensation, NORs, shallot chromosome, shallot karyotype ABSTRAKProsedur kariotipe untuk bawang merah umumnya masih disusun berdasarkan ukuran kromosom, sehingga diperlukan suatu penanda yang dapat mengidentifikasi kromosom homolog secara presisi. Identifikasi kromosom homolog secara presisi menggunakan suatu penanda, khususnya deteksi Nucleolus Organizing Regions (NORs), yang di Indonesia masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat kariotipe dan mengidentifikasi kromosom homolog bawang merah melalui deteksi NORs menggunakan metode pewarnaan AgNO3. Proses fiksasi akar dilakukan dengan menggunakan modifikasi larutan Carnoy II, lalu difiksasi dengan larutan Carnoy, dan kromosom diwarnai dengan aceto-carmine dan larutan AgNO3 untuk mendeteksi NORs. Selanjutnya, citra kromosom dianalisis menggunakan CHIAS IV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sepasang NORs yang terdeteksi pada fase metafase dan interfase yang  terletak pada bagian lengan pendek di kromosom subtelosentrik nomor 6. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar di bidang sitogenetika bawang merah untuk mengidentifikasi kromosom homolog secara presisi menggunakan penanda NOR. Oleh karenanya, teknik ini dapat diaplikasikan pada spesies yang berdekatan dengan bawang merah dan komoditas tanaman lainnya.Kata Kunci: AgNO3, kariotipe bawang, kondensasi kromosom, kromosom bawang, NORs
Co-Authors , Parjanto A. Widiyatmoko Achmad Syarif Sirojuddin Agus Budi Setiawan Agus Budi Setiawan, Agus Budi Agus Slamet Aman Suyadi Andin Puspita Ari Indrianto Ari Indrianto Ari Indrianto Aries Bagus Sasongko Arman Wijonarko Asadi Abdullah Asadi Asadi Asep Rinal Supratman Asri Fajar Milasari Aurellia Tatipata Bambang Sutaryo Bekti Sulistya Utami Christina Astri Wirasti Cristina Astri Wirasti Danarsi Diptaningsari Della Rosiana Ningtias Dinda Dewanti Djoko Prajitno Dyah Weny Respatie Edhi Martono Endang Pudjihartati Endang Semiarti Endang Sulistyaningsih Erlina Ambarwati Exsyupransia Mursyanti Exsyupransia Mursyanti Fajar Hayuatmaja Falah Nur Alifianto Fitria Setyaningsih Gretaryan Wahyu Widiatmiko Handayani, Niken S. N. Harkingto Harkingto Herni Shintiavira I. Indriyati Wibisono Irwan Gery Renaldi Ixora Sartika Mercuriani JAKA WIDADA Jamhari Jamhari, Jamhari Kana Ninomiya Lilik Kusdiarti Lita Rahmadani Maria Marina Herawati Miranda Ferwita Sari Monika Andreastuti Kusumaningrum Mufit Daryatun Asniawati Muhammad Dylan Lawrie Muhammad Dylan Lawrie Nasrullah Nasrullah Nintya Setiari Nintya Setiari Nurul Annisa Oktaviana Herawati Panjisakti Basunanda Parjanto Parjanto Prapto Yudono Puspita, Andin Putri Lukmanasari Rahayu Sulistianingsih Rani Agustina Wulandari Ratih Hartono Putri Rima Indhirawati Rina Pratiwi Pudja I. A Rohimah Handayani Sri Lestari Rudi Hari Murti Rudi Hari Murti Rudi Hari Murti Sahiral Yakub SATRIYAS ILYAS Seonghoe Jang Shogo Matsumoto Sri Nopitasari Sri Trisnowati Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sukarti Moeljopawiro Sulastri Isminingsih Supriyanta Supriyanta Supriyanta Supriyanta Suwaibah Ummul Inayah SUWIJIYO PRAMONO Suwijiyo Pramono Tahtihal Anhar Tamam, M. Badrut Tantri Swandari Tio Eka Sinurat Triono Bagus Saputro, Triono Bagus Valentina Dwi Suci Handayani W. T. Artama W.T. Artama Wahyu Listyaningrum Wili Setiyoko Windi Mose Woerjono Mangoendidjojo Woerjono Mangoendidjojo Y. Andi Trisyono Y. Andi Trisyono Yasushi Yoshioka Yefta Pamandungan Yeni Fatmawati Yuli Setiawati Yundari, Yundari Yuuki Asano Zulfa Layina Zulkifli Zulkifli