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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Perfecting a Video Game with Game Metrics Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Phung Ton That
Industrial University of Ho Chi Minh City
Computer Science & IT Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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Dual-layer remote phosphor structure: a novel technique to enhance the color quality scale and luminous flux of WLEDs Phung Ton That; Thuc Minh Bui; Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan; Phan Xuan Le; Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh; Le Van Tho
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 10, No 4: August 2020
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (986.225 KB) | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v10i4.pp4015-4022

Abstract

The effects of red light-emitting phosphor CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+,Mn2+ on the optical properties of single-layer remote phosphor structure (SRPS) and dual-layer remote phosphor structure (DRPS) are the focus of this study. The differences in color quality and luminous flux (LF) of white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) between these two structures are also revealed and demonstrated based on the Mie theory. SRPS consists of one mixed phosphor layer betweenCaMgSi2O6:Eu2+,Mn2+ andYAG:Ce3+particles, while DRPS includes two separated layers: red phosphor layer and yellow phosphor layer. In this work, 5% SiO2 is added into the phosphor layers to increase scattering abilities. Discrepancies in structures greatly affect the optical characteristics of WLEDs. The results showed that the color rendering index (CRI) increased with the concentration in both structures with nearly equal values. Meanwhile, color quality scale (CQS) of DPRS is 74 at ACCTs ranging from 5600K to 8500K, higher than CQS of SRPS which is only 71 at 8500K. In addition, the luminous flux of DRPS is significantly higher than SRPS at 2% -14% of CaMgSi2O6:Eu2+,Mn2+. In summary, DRPS is better for color quality and lumen outputin comparison to SRPS and adding the right amount of red phosphor can enhance CQS and LF.
Application of BaY2F8:Er3+,Yb3+ and Mg8Ge2O11F2:Mn4+ in improving the lighting quality of phosphor-in-glass based white light-emitting diodes with the dual-convex design Huu Phuc Dang; Phung Ton That
International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol 11, No 4: August 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v11i4.pp2934-2940

Abstract

Although the luminous of the remote phosphor structure tends to be better than that of the in-cup or conformal phosphor structures, the poor light quality prevents this lighting method from being widely used. It is recognized through experiments that the two-layer remote phosphorus structure should be used to improve color rendering index (CRI) and color quality ratio (CQS) for WLEDs. In the experiments, WLED structures containing green BaY2F8:Er3+,Yb3+ or red Mg8Ge2O11F2:Mn4+ phosphor on the yellow YAG:Ce3+ phosphor were performed at 8500 K.. After that, Mg8Ge2O11F2:Mn4+ and BaY2F8:Er3+,Yb3+ concentrations in each WLED structure is adjusted until chromatic performance reached the finest quality. As a result, Mg8Ge2O11F2:Mn4+is proved to bring great benefits to the increase of CRI and CQS. Specifically, the greater the concentration of Mg8Ge2O11F2:Mn4+, the better CRI and CQS because of the additional red-light material from this phosphor. The other phosphor material, green BaY2F8:Er3+,Yb3+ phosphor, is beneficial for the expansion of luminous flux. However, if the concentration of Mg8Ge2O11F2:Mn4+ or BaY2F8:Er3+,Yb3+ is over the limit, the decrease in lumen output and chromatic quality will occur. While doing the experiment, Mie-scattering theory and the Beer’s law are great tools to verify the accuracy of results. The results of this article can serve the purpose of improving WLEDs fabrication to produce higher quality product.
TiO2/silicone encapsulation film for achieving optical performance improvement of chip-on-board packaging LEDs My Hanh Nguyen Thi; Phung Ton That
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 2: April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16755

Abstract

TiO2 nanoparticle and silicon composite has powerful effect of scattering, thus it is famous in enhancing the scattered light in light-emitting diode (LED) packages. To accomplish higher lighting performance in LED devices, a thin encapsulation layer of TiO2 with high concentration and silicon glue is introduced to complement the main encapsulation one. After conducting experiments, the results present that in the case of the main encapsulation including only silicone, the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of COB LEDs increases to 65%. On the other hand, when there is the additional layer of TiO2 and silicone, the improvement of LEE depends on the concentration of TiO2. As this nanoparticle concentration decreases from 0.12 to 0.035 g/cm3, the LEE can be enhanced from 6% to 24%. Moreover, at the average correlated color temperature (CCT) of approximately 8500 K, the layer of TiO2/silicone composite can help to accomplish the reduction of the angular correlated color temperature (CCT) deviation, from 900 to 470 K, within −90° to 90° viewing angle range.
Investigation on the application of ZnO nanostructures to improve the optical performance of white light-emitting diodes My Hanh Nguyen Thi; Phung Ton That; Hoang Van Ngoc
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 3: June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i3.16714

Abstract

Though combining blue LED chips with yellow phosphor has been the most common method in white light-emitting diode (WLED) production, the attained angular correlated color temperature (CCT) uniformity is still poor. Thus, this article proposes to add ZnO nanostructures to WLED packages to promote the color uniformity of the WLEDs. The outcomes of the research demonstrate that utilizing ZnO at different amount can affect the scattering energy and the CCT deviations in WLEDs packages in different extents. Particularly, adding the node-like (N-ZnO), sheet-like (S-ZnO), and rod-like (R-ZnO) leads to the corresponding decreases of CCT deviations from 3455.49 K to 96.30 K, 40.03 K, and 60.09 K, respectively. Meanwhile, with 0.25% N-ZnO, 0.75% S-ZnO, and 0.25 % R-ZnO, WLED devices can achieve both better CCT homogeneity and lower reduction in luminous flux. The results of this article can be a valuable document for the manufacturer to use as reference in improving their WLED products.
Utilizing CaCO3, CaF2, SiO2, and TiO2 phosphors as approaches to the improved color uniformity and lumen efficacy of WLEDs Huu Phuc Dang; Phung Ton That; Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 2: April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16357

Abstract

The two elements that are most favorable in the quality evaluation for phosphor-converted LEDs (pcLEDs) these days are the chromatic homogeneity and the lumen output. In this study, a thorough research on enhancing color uniformity and luminous flux of pcLEDs that have a high correlated color temperature (CCT) of 8500K is carried out. The scattering enhancement particles (SEPs): CaCO3, CaF2, SiO2, and TiO2 are used to accomplish the goal by adding them to a yellow phosphor compounding Y3Al5O12:Ce3+, and comparing their characteristics afterwards. LightTools program is used to build an optical simulation and Mie-scattering theory helps to examine the achieved results. Specifically, the parameters included in SEPs’ scattering calculation are the scattering coefficients, the anisotropic scattering, the reduced scattering, and the scattering amplitudes at 455 nm and 595 nm. The outcomes presented that compared to other SEPs, TiO2 particles can yield the highest chromatic homogeneity. However, the lumen output reduces considerably as TiO2 concentration greatly increases while it can be bettered when using SiO2 particles with any particle size. For CaCO3 particles, the color deviation of 620 K CCT can be reduced with 30% concentration, leading to the recommendation of using CaCO3 to promote the CCT homogeneity and luminescence efficiency.
The application of dual-layer remote phosphor geometry in achieving higher color quality of WLEDs My Hanh Nguyen Thi; Phung Ton That; Hoang Van Ngoc
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 2: April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16706

Abstract

If remote phosphor structures are put into comparison with conformal phosphor or in-cup phosphor, their luminous flux are better, but the color quality is not as elevated. This leads to an obvious need of a practical solution to enhance color quality. Therefore, many studies were carried out to achieve this purpose, and so is ours. We proposed using two layers of phosphor in WLEDs to achieve better rendering ability and chromatic performance. The identical WLEDs with different color temperatures, 5600 K-8500 K, were used and reported in this paper. Our research consists of two parts, which are placing a layer of red phosphor SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+on the yellow YAG:Ce3+ phosphor layer at first, and then specifying an appropriate SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ concentration to reach the highest color performance. It is shown that with the contribution of SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+,the color rendering index (CRI) and color quality scale (CQS) are increased. This can be explained by the increased amount of red light components in the WLEDs when the concentration of SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ was greater. However, excessive SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ will cause the reduction in the flux, which has been proven by the application of Mie scattering and the Lambert-Beer law. Therefore, the conclusion will present an optimal amount of SrwFxByOz:Eu2+,Sm2+ to obtain high color quality while minimizing the light loss.
Using flat phosphor layer in dual-layer remote phosphor configuration to improve luminous efficacy My Hanh Nguyen Thi; Phung Ton That; Tri-Vien Vu
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 3: June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i3.16349

Abstract

The phosphor layer shape and components distances are the subjects proposed to advance the quality of WLEDs in this article. The two distances, between phosphor layers (d1) and between the phosphor layer and the LED chip (d2) in Flat dual-remote phosphor (FDRP) and Concave dual-remote phosphor (CDRP) were examined by experiments to determine their impacts on WLEDs lighting performances. The results suggest that FDRP is a better option than CDRP for lighting performance. In each respective structure, the distances influence the lighting capacity and color output whenever they fluctuate. Therefore, to effectively control and study this phenomenon, the correlated color temperature is maintained at 8500 K, and the concentration of phosphor material is altered while the distances are changing. When d1 and d2 are at the starting value of 0, the recorded lumen output and chromatic performance of lighting devices are the lowest and begin to increase as d1 and d2 expand. Bigger d1 and d2 mean bigger scattering area and better chromatic light integration, which leads to higher color quality. Detailed results present that optimal values of d1 or d2 for the highest lumen output of 1020 lm are 0.08 mm or 0.63 mm, respectively. Meanwhile the lowest color deviation is accomplished with d1=0.64 mm or d2=1.35 mm.
Effects of BaSO4 nano-particles on the enhancement of the optical performance of white LEDs Huu Phuc Dang; Phung Ton That; Dao Huy Tuan
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 2: April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i2.16855

Abstract

The usage of BaSO4 nanoparticles on WLEDs luminous flux and color uniformity improvements have been analyzed and demonstrated in this manuscript. The mixture of BaSO4 and silicone placed on the yellow phosphor layer benefits the internal light scattering and thus enhances the angular correlated color temperature (CCT) homogeneity. Specifically, the blue-light intensity at large angles tend to increase and results in light intensity discrepancy, which can be corrected with added BaSO4. In addition to this, the BaSO4-silicone composite modifies the refractive index of the air-phosphor layer interface to an appropriate value, and thus, the luminous efficiency increases. The results show that the CCT deviations is reduced by 580 K, from 1000 K to 420 K, within the angle range from -700 to +700 with BaSO4 in the phosphor structure. The increase in luminous flux is also recorded by 2.25%, in comparison with that of the non-BaSO4 traditional structure, at the 120-mA driving current. Hence, integrating BaSO4 nanoparticles into the remote phosphor structure can contributes to the enhancement of both lumen output and CCT uniformity.
Multilayer phosphor-in-glass packaging for the development in WLED color uniformity Huu Phuc Dang; Phung Ton That; Tri-Vien Vu
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 19, No 3: June 2021
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v19i3.17786

Abstract

When mentioning the remote phosphor structure, the most noticeable advantage is its higher luminous flux than any other structure’s. However, there are existing flaws in their color uniformity and color rendering index (CRI). Thus, the improvements in these two optic factors must be improved for the better usage of remote phosphor geometry in modern WLED devices. Many researchers have drawn their attention to this idea, and then it has become the primary objective for their studies. In this paper, we also try to accomplish the same result by adjusting the distances between the phosphor layers and through that enhance the optical properties of WLEDs. The mie-scattering theory is applied in our calculations to ensure the reliability and accuracy of experimental results. In our research, with distance d = 0.64 mm, the luminous flux grew 9.7% in comparison to the original value. At 0.84 mm, the distance d enhanced the color uniformity by two times. In the meantime, the CRI remained static during the course of experiment. With suitable application, these results can bring valuable contributions to the development of next WELDs generation.
Benefits of using TiO2 quantum dots in producing low-cost and high-quality white light-emitting diodes Phuc Dang Huu; Phung Ton That; Tran Thanh Trang; Phan Xuan Le; Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh
TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Vol 20, No 3: June 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/telkomnika.v20i3.15347

Abstract

Quantum dots (QDs) is considered as a potential material for the improvement of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). However, different from the traditional phosphor materials, they have unique scattering and absorption properties affected by their several nanometers sizes, which makes their application in the production of LED confront more challenges. In addition to this, their influences on QDs-converted LEDs (QCLEDs) are rarely investigated. So as to propose solutions for those problems, in this article, we experimentally and theoretically investigated the impacts of titanium dioxide (TiO2)QDs’ scattering and absorption on the light quality of QCLEDs by drawing a thorough comparison between their properties and the traditional yttrium aluminum garnet phosphors characteristics. The outcomes showed that QCLEDs have poor radiant efficacy and stability due to QDs’ strong characteristic of absorption (reabsorption) while their weak scattering property causes a low uniformity in correlated color temperature (CCT). For achieving high efficiency and stability white LEDs, we highly suggest using QDs with a low concentration to get reductions in the reabsorption and total internal reflection losses. With 0.05 concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), the white LEDs can simultaneously achieve a high CCT (approximately 7500 K) and a high color rendering index (around 85).
Co-Authors Dao Huy Tuan Dieu An Nguyen Thi Duy-Hung Ha Ha Thanh Tung Hoang Nam Nguyen Hoang Van Ngoc Huu Phuc Dang Le Van Tho Miroslav Voznak My Hanh Nguyen Thi Nguyen Doan Quoc Anh Nguyen Le Thai Nguyen Thi Phuong Loan Nguyễn Đoàn Quốc Anh Nhat-Tien Nguyen Phan Xuan Le Phan Xuan Le Phuc Dang Huu Thanh Binh Ly Thuc Minh Bui Tran Thanh Trang Tri-Vien Vu