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Review: Marine Seismic And Side-Scan Sonar Investigations For Seabed Identification With Sonar System Lubis, Muhammad Zainuddin; Anggraini, Kasih; Kausarian, Husnul; Pujiyati, Sri
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol 2 No 2 (2017): JGEET Vol 02 No 02 : June (2017)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Marine seismic reflection data have been collected for decades and since the mid-to late- 1980s much of this data is positioned relatively accurately. Marine geophysical acquisition of data is a very expensive process with the rates regularly ship through dozens of thousands of euros per day. Acquisition of seismic profiles has the position is determined by a DGPS system and navigation is performed by Hypack and Maxview software that also gives all the offsets for the equipment employed in the survey. Examples of some projects will be described in terms of the project goals and the geophysical equipment selected for each survey and specific geophysical systems according to with the scope of work. For amplitude side scan sonar image, and in the multi-frequency system, color, becoming a significant properties of the sea floor, the effect of which is a bully needs to be fixed. The main confounding effect is due to absorption of water; geometric spread; shape beam sonar function (combined transmit-receive sonar beam intensity as a function of tilt angle obtained in this sonar reference frame); sonar vehicle roll; form and function of the seabed backscatter (proportion incident on the seabed backscattered signal to sonar as a function of the angle of incidence relative to the sea floor); and the slope of the seabed. The different angles of view are generated by the translation of the sonar, because of the discrete steps involved by the sequential pings, the angular sampling of the bottom.

Groundwater exploration using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) Method at Toro Jaya, Langgam, Riau Suryadi, Adi; Putra, Dewandra Bagus Eka; Kausarian, Husnul; Prayitno, Budi; Fahlepi, Reza
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol 3 No 4 (2018): JGEET Vol 03 No 04 : December (2018)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method is one of many methods in geophysics that was conducted in this research at Toro Jaya, Langgam, Riau. The aim of this research is to investigate and locate the depth of groundwater layer (aquifer). Data acquisition of VES was carried out using GEOCIST with Schlumburger configuration of electrode. There are four VES point in this research with various length of cable ranging from 135 m up to 200 m. From four VES point shown two different of resistivity value range. Very low resistivity value with range 0,34 – 0,9 Ωm interpreted as aquifer layer. The aquifer layer of research area divided into two types which are unconfined aquifer and confined aquifer. Meanwhile, another resistivity value ranging from 1,69 – 7  Ωm was interpreted as clay layers.

Sea Surface Temperature and Wind Velocity in Batam Waters Its Relation to Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Lubis, Muhammad Zainuddin; Anurogo, Wenang; Kausarian, Husnul; Surya, Ganda; Choanji, Tiggi
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol 2 No 4 (2017): JGEET Vol 02 No 04 : December (2017)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

This study aimed to observe the characteristics of sea surface temperature (SST) and wind velocity and its relation with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) in the waters of Batam. The data used in this study were the SST datasets and the wind speed of 2016 in the waters of Batam. The method used in this research were the visual analysis using the data ocean view (ODV) to observe at the spatial and temporal distribution of the SST and the wind speed in Batam waters at different seasons. The next method is a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The earlier monsoon season that occurred in April has the highest wind speed with the value of 3.9 MS ** - 1 for components U. As for the V, the component has the highest value of -3.6 MS ** - 1. The SST Batam observed high in April occurred on 19-04-2016 with a value of 304.2 ° K (31.05 ° C). West monsoon winds that occurred in January has the highest wind speed with a value of 4.5 MS ** - 1 for components U. As for the V, the component has the highest value of 5.2 MS ** - 1 in the waters of Batam. The highest SST in Batam was  occurred in January on 19-01-2016 with a value of 302.8 ° K (29.65 ° C). Based on the results of the FFT, wind speed and SST in the waters of the Island has a dominant 6-month period (semiannual).

The Phenomena of Flood Caused by the Seawater Tidal and its Solution for the Rapid-growth City: A case study in Dumai City, Riau Province, Indonesia Kausarian, Husnul; Batara, Batara; Putra, Dewandra Bagus Eka
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol 3 No 1 (2018): JGEET Vol 03 No 01 : March (2018)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

A strategic city located on the northern coast of Sumatera Island known as Dumai City. This city is a growth and industrial city that always increase everyday economically. This city faces the flood problem that not only from the excess water from the rain, but also from the phenomena of seawater tidal. The tidal should not reach the mainland for the ideal situation, but the urbanization and development problem made it happen. Field observation and satellite data analysis shows the problem that happened in this city, also find out the solution how to make the seawater tidal will not being the flood when it occurs. The flood caused by the inadequate drainage condition is exacerbated by the low awareness of people who still do not maintain cleanliness, a lot of garbage that accumulates in the drainage causing the process of water flow to be inhibited. Geologically, the base rock of Dumai City consists of sand and peat which logically is a good system to absorb water because sand and peat are materials that have high porosity. Topographically, the city of Dumai is at an average height of three meters above sea level, so in fact, this city could be spared from the flood caused by the tide when it occurs. The solutions that can be proposed for this city are making the rivers being clean with normalization, well-designed drainage, Watergate and making an artificial lake for sinking the tidal seawater.

Seabed Detection Using Application Of Image Side Scan Sonar Instrument (Acoustic Signal) Lubis, Muhammad Zainuddin; Kausarian, Husnul; Anurogo, Wenang
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol 2 No 3 (2017): JGEET Vol 02 No 03 : September (2017)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

The importance of knowing the method for seabed detection using side-scan sonar images with sonar instrument is a much-needed requirement right now. This kind of threat also requires frequent sonar surveys in such areas. These survey operations need specific procedures and special equipment to ensure survey correctness. In this paper describes the method of observation and retrieval of marine imagery data using an acoustic signal method, to determine a target based on the sea. Side scan sonar is an instrument consisting of single beam transducer on both sides. Side scan sonar (SSS) is a sonar development that is able to show in two-dimensional images of the seabed surface with seawater conditions and target targets simultaneously. The side scan sonar data processing is performed through geometric correction to establish the actual position of the image pixel, which consists of bottom tracking, slant-range correction, layback correction and radiometric correction performed for the backscatter intensity of the digital number assigned to each pixel including the Beam Angle Correction (BAC), Automatic Gain Control (AGC), Time Varied Gain (TVG), and Empirical Gain Normalization (EGN).

Saltwater Intrusion Zone Mapping on Shallow Groundwater Aquifer in Selat Baru, Bengkalis Island, Indonesia Putra, Dewandra Bagus Eka; Yuskar, Yuniarti; Kausarian, Husnul; Wan Yaacob, Wan Zuhairi; Hadian, Mohamad Sapari Dwi
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol 4 No 1 (2019): JGEET Vol 04 No 01 : March (2019)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Saltwater intrusion becomes a common problem in coastal area. Northern coast of Bengkalis Island in Riau, Indonesia that contiguously to Malacca Strait is experiencing the problem particularly in Selat Baru area which considered as developing area and most of the people live close to the sea. Dug well is the main source of groundwater that had been used by the population in Selat Baru and as the increasing of land occupation, the demand of clean water is rising up followed by the number of dug well. A study of groundwater monitoring was conducted to identify the zone of saltwater intrusion. Field observation had done by measuring the water level and physical parameters of groundwater such as taste, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solid (TDS) from 110 existing dug wells. Some conus feature had found from groundwater elevation map which indicated lower water level caused by excessive groundwater pumping. Generally, pH shows values from 6-8 that was still in range of water quality standard, but there are 20 wells (18%) that have pH below the water quality standard (slightly acidic water). Similar pattern had been observed from Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) map, higher value of EC and TDS was dominant in the northern part of study area and lower value in the south. Groundwater taste map also revealed the identical condition with EC and TDS map which dominated by brackish and saline water in the northern part. Therefore, the study area had been divided into two zones of groundwater saline water zone possibly caused by the saltwater intrusion in the northern part and freshwater zone from the center to the southern part.

Review: Marine Seismic And Side-Scan Sonar Investigations For Seabed Identification With Sonar System Muhammad Zainuddin Lubis; Kasih Anggraini; Husnul Kausarian; Sri Pujiyati
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2017): JGEET Vol 02 No 02 : June (2017)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Marine seismic reflection data have been collected for decades and since the mid-to late- 1980s much of this data is positioned relatively accurately. Marine geophysical acquisition of data is a very expensive process with the rates regularly ship through dozens of thousands of euros per day. Acquisition of seismic profiles has the position is determined by a DGPS system and navigation is performed by Hypack and Maxview software that also gives all the offsets for the equipment employed in the survey. Examples of some projects will be described in terms of the project goals and the geophysical equipment selected for each survey and specific geophysical systems according to with the scope of work. For amplitude side scan sonar image, and in the multi-frequency system, color, becoming a significant properties of the sea floor, the effect of which is a bully needs to be fixed. The main confounding effect is due to absorption of water; geometric spread; shape beam sonar function (combined transmit-receive sonar beam intensity as a function of tilt angle obtained in this sonar reference frame); sonar vehicle roll; form and function of the seabed backscatter (proportion incident on the seabed backscattered signal to sonar as a function of the angle of incidence relative to the sea floor); and the slope of the seabed. The different angles of view are generated by the translation of the sonar, because of the discrete steps involved by the sequential pings, the angular sampling of the bottom.

Seabed Detection Using Application Of Image Side Scan Sonar Instrument (Acoustic Signal) Muhammad Zainuddin Lubis; Husnul Kausarian; Wenang Anurogo
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 2 No. 3 (2017): JGEET Vol 02 No 03 : September (2017)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

The importance of knowing the method for seabed detection using side-scan sonar images with sonar instrument is a much-needed requirement right now. This kind of threat also requires frequent sonar surveys in such areas. These survey operations need specific procedures and special equipment to ensure survey correctness. In this paper describes the method of observation and retrieval of marine imagery data using an acoustic signal method, to determine a target based on the sea. Side scan sonar is an instrument consisting of single beam transducer on both sides. Side scan sonar (SSS) is a sonar development that is able to show in two-dimensional images of the seabed surface with seawater conditions and target targets simultaneously. The side scan sonar data processing is performed through geometric correction to establish the actual position of the image pixel, which consists of bottom tracking, slant-range correction, layback correction and radiometric correction performed for the backscatter intensity of the digital number assigned to each pixel including the Beam Angle Correction (BAC), Automatic Gain Control (AGC), Time Varied Gain (TVG), and Empirical Gain Normalization (EGN).

Sea Surface Temperature and Wind Velocity in Batam Waters Its Relation to Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Muhammad Zainuddin Lubis; Wenang Anurogo; Husnul Kausarian; Ganda Surya; Tiggi Choanji
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 2 No. 4 (2017): JGEET Vol 02 No 04 : December (2017)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

This study aimed to observe the characteristics of sea surface temperature (SST) and wind velocity and its relation with the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) in the waters of Batam. The data used in this study were the SST datasets and the wind speed of 2016 in the waters of Batam. The method used in this research were the visual analysis using the data ocean view (ODV) to observe at the spatial and temporal distribution of the SST and the wind speed in Batam waters at different seasons. The next method is a fast Fourier transform (FFT). The earlier monsoon season that occurred in April has the highest wind speed with the value of 3.9 MS ** - 1 for components U. As for the V, the component has the highest value of -3.6 MS ** - 1. The SST Batam observed high in April occurred on 19-04-2016 with a value of 304.2 ° K (31.05 ° C). West monsoon winds that occurred in January has the highest wind speed with a value of 4.5 MS ** - 1 for components U. As for the V, the component has the highest value of 5.2 MS ** - 1 in the waters of Batam. The highest SST in Batam was occurred in January on 19-01-2016 with a value of 302.8 ° K (29.65 ° C). Based on the results of the FFT, wind speed and SST in the waters of the Island has a dominant 6-month period (semiannual).

The Phenomena of Flood Caused by the Seawater Tidal and its Solution for the Rapid-growth City: A case study in Dumai City, Riau Province, Indonesia Husnul Kausarian; Batara Batara; Dewandra Bagus Eka Putra
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2018): JGEET Vol 03 No 01 : March (2018)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

A strategic city located on the northern coast of Sumatera Island known as Dumai City. This city is a growth and industrial city that always increase everyday economically. This city faces the flood problem that not only from the excess water from the rain, but also from the phenomena of seawater tidal. The tidal should not reach the mainland for the ideal situation, but the urbanization and development problem made it happen. Field observation and satellite data analysis shows the problem that happened in this city, also find out the solution how to make the seawater tidal will not being the flood when it occurs. The flood caused by the inadequate drainage condition is exacerbated by the low awareness of people who still do not maintain cleanliness, a lot of garbage that accumulates in the drainage causing the process of water flow to be inhibited. Geologically, the base rock of Dumai City consists of sand and peat which logically is a good system to absorb water because sand and peat are materials that have high porosity. Topographically, the city of Dumai is at an average height of three meters above sea level, so in fact, this city could be spared from the flood caused by the tide when it occurs. The solutions that can be proposed for this city are making the rivers being clean with normalization, well-designed drainage, Watergate and making an artificial lake for sinking the tidal seawater.

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