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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri
SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education

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Inoculation Methods and Conidial Densities of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense in Abaca RULLY DYAH PURWATI; NURUL HIDAYAH; SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO; SUDARSONO2? SUDARSONO2?
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 15 No. 1 (2008): March 2008
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (245.831 KB) | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.15.1.1

Abstract

Abaca (Musa textilis Nee) is an important industrial crop. Its cultivation in Indonesia is, however, hampered by the wilt (Panama disease) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) infections. Developing Foc resistance abaca lines require availability of established and reliable screening methods for resistance against Foc. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the (i) effectiveness of Foc inoculation methods, (ii) extent of Foc conidial densities – for causing the wilt in abaca, and (iii) responses of ten abaca cultivars against Foc infection. Results of this study showed that the method of inoculation by wounding abaca roots followed submerging the wounded plant in suspension of Foc conidia (106 conidia/ml) for 2 hours before planting was the most effective method for causing the wilt. Among ten abaca cultivars tested, none was resistant to Foc infection. Based on the calculation of disease intensity, nine abaca cultivars were identified as very susceptible, where as one cultivar was susceptible to Foc infection. Key words: Fusarium wilt, panama disease, disease response, screening method, Musa textilis
Perbaikan Ketahanan Abaka Terhadap Fusarium dan Prospek Pengembangannya SUDJINDRO SUDJINDRO
Perspektif Vol 7, No 2 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Puslitbang Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/p.v7n2.2008.%p

Abstract

ABSTRAKPerbaikan genetik klon abaka melalui hibridisasi relatif sulit dilakukan karena sempitnya keragaman genetik tanaman   tersebut. Hal  ini  disebabkan  abaka diperbanyak  secara  vegetatif.  Sebagai  alternatif, peningkatan keragaman genetik tanaman abaka dapat dilakukan  dengan  mutasi  dan  induksi  keragaman somaklonal  dalam  kultur  in  vitro. Untuk mengidentifikasi mutan atau varian  dengan karakter unggul tertentu, perlu dilanjutkan dengan seleksi in vitro. Mutasi dengan menggunakan mutagen kimia Etil Metan Sulfonat (EMS) yang dilanjutkan dengan seleksi in vitro telah menghasilkan varian-varian abaka yang resisten terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense (Foc). Pengembangan klon abaka resisten terhadap Foc dapat mengurangi biaya produksi  sehingga  akan meningkatkan  keuntungan  petani  atau  pengusaha dalam  pengembangan agribisnis abaka di Indonesia.Kata kunci: Musa textilis Nee., Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, seleksi in-vitro ABSTRACTImprovement of Abaca Resistance to Fusarium and its Development ProspectGenetic  improvement  of  abaca  clones  through hybridization is relatively difficult due to the narrow genetic variability of this crop. The narrow genetic variability   of   abaca   caused   by   its   propagated vegetatively.  Alternatively,  genetic  improvement  of abaca could be conducted by mutation and somaclonal variation  inductions  through  in  vitro  culture.  To identify  mutants  or  variants  with  certain  superior character,  it  is  necessary  continued  with  in  vitro selection.  Mutation  of  abaca  which  was  conducted using chemical mutagen Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) followed by in vitro selection has resulted in resistant variants to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp cubense (Foc). Cultivation of the abaca variants resistant to Foc will  decrease  total  production  cost  and  of  crease farmers’ profit in abaca agribusiness in Indonesia.Key words: Musa textilis Nee, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, in-vitro selection
Co-Authors Cecep Kusmana RULLY DYAH PURWATI Sudarsono