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Pengaruh Interval Pemotongan dan Invasi Gulma Chromolaena odorata terhadap Produksi dan Kualitas Rumput Brachiaria humidicola . Mansyur; H Djuned; T Dhalika; S Hardjosoewignyo; L Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 28 No. 2 (2005): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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An excellent animal performance has to be supported by feed availability. Quality and quantity of forages are important factors. The existence of weeds significantly decreases rate of production and quality of herbage. Physically weed control by defoliation could be expected to sustain quality and production of herbage, and able to control weeds expansion. The aims of the study were to find the effect of interval defoliation of B. humidicola that was invaded by C. odorata and its effect on production, crude protein, phosphor, calcium contents of B. humidicola herbage, production and population dynamic of C. odorata. The treatments were nine different planting methods and different defoliation intervals, namely: B. humidicola was defoliated every 30 days without C. odorata (P1); B. humidicola was defoliated every 60 days without C. odorata (P2); B. humidicola was defoliated every 90 days without C. odorata (P3); B. humidicola were defoliated every 30 days, C. odorata were not defoliated (P4); B. humidicola were defoliated every 60 days, C. odorata were not defoliated (P5); B. humidicola were defoliated every 30 days, C. odorata were not defoliated (P6); B. humidicola and C. odorata were defoliated every 30 days (P7); B. humidicola and C. odorata, were defoliated every 60 days (P8); B. humidicola and C. odorata were defoliated every 90 days (P9). Two experiment designs namely Completely Randomized Block Design and Split Plot Design in Time were used in the field experiments. The result of the experiments showed that dry matter production of B. humidicola which were defoliated every 90 days were not significantly different than those defoliated every 60 days, but it was significantly higher than those defoliated every 30 days. Crude protein, phosphor, and calcium content of herbage which were defoliated every 30 days were significantly higher than those defoliated every 60 days and 90 days. Present and defoliation of C. odorata did not affect the herbage production, and phosphor content, but it decreased crude protein and calcium content of B. humidicola herbage. Keywords: production, quality, herbage, defoliation interval

Pengaruh Pemberian Mulsa Chromolaena odorata (L.) Kings and Robins pada Kandungan Mineral P dan N Tanah Latosol dan Produktivitas Hijauan Jagung (Zea mays L.) N R Kumalasari; L Abdullah; S Jayadi
Media Peternakan Vol. 28 No. 1 (2005): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Corn is used as foodstuff and industrially utilized feed as a potential ingredient in animal ration. Green forage, baby corn and its cobs are used also as ruminants feed. Application of Chromolaena odorata on latosol as mulch material is expected to improve corn production by contributing organic nutrition. The objectives of this research were to recognize the effect of Chromolaena odorata on production and quality of green forage of high density corn, and to observe the contribution of phosphorous mineral from decomposition of Chromolaena odorata in the ground. This research was divided into two steps of experiment. The first experiment, consisted of two levels of treatments, i.e.: with and without Chromolaena odorata (12 ton/ha). The plants were fertilized with 60 kg K/ha and 225 kg N/ha. Plant was harvested at 40 days after planting. In the second experiment, corns were cultivated in the same area and the application of mulch (12 ton/ha) and P (60 kg/ha). Mulch increased significantly vertical height but there was no effect on production of green forage, mineral content in crop and uptake of P and N. In the second experiment, mulch addition improved vertical height of the crop, fresh and dry weight of green forage, content of P and N on the tissues of crop and also uptake of P and N between two treatments were not significant. Application of Chromolaena odorata mulch (2x12 ton/ha) was similar as the addition of P anorganic (60 kg/ha) in improving growth, production and quality of green forage of corn. In this research, the mulch improved the content of mineral P and N in the soil. Key words: mulch, Chromolaena odorata, mineral P, corn

Produksi dan Kualitas Rumput Brachiaria humidicola (Rend.) Sch, Digitaria decumbens Stent dan Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) O.Kunt. di Bawah Naungan Sengon, Karet dan Kelapa Sawit W Kurniawan; L Abdullah; M A Setiana
Media Peternakan Vol. 30 No. 1 (2007): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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The experiment was conducted to investigate the adaptive grasses growing under shading albizia, rubber and oil palm canopy. Three species of tropical grasses (Brachiaria humidicola (Rend.) Sch., Digitaria decumbens Stent, dan Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) O.Kunt. were cultivated for at least four months. The parameters of research were productivity (including tillering rate) and nutrient quality of each grass. Data were analyzed using Split-plot design and for the significant differences were further tested by Least Significant Different (LSD). The result showed that B. humidicola production was better than other species in plantation and forest shaded. This species producting higher fresh yield and crude protein, but its tillering rate was poor. S. secundatum, although its production was not as great as B. humidicola, this grass had the greatest tillering rates compared to the others. It can be recommended that S. secundatum is persistent species, and has a good productivity for a long periode of time under shading. Key words: tropical grasses, shading, tillering rates, persistent

Pola Pertumbuhan Rumput Signal (Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick) pada Padang Penggembalaan dengan Aplikasi Sumber Nutrien Berbeda L Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 1 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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An investigation on growth behavior parameters and its dynamic pattern of signal grass (Brachiaria humidicola) grown under influence of inorganic and organic nutrient supply was conducted during period of wet and early dry seasons in 2004. Five sets of treatments consisted of control (P0), mulch originated from pasture weed biomass (Chromolaena odorata) (PC), animal dung (PF), combination of mulch and dung (PC+F) and inorganic fertilizer (PA) were applied to one year existing signalgrass plots. Block randomized design with 4 replications was used in this experiment. The results showed that application of PA produced the highest length of stolons, node and tiller numbers. There was an improvement of growth by application of PC, PF and PC+F, but at lower level than those of PA. Application of PA caused short growth period (6-8 weeks) to reach maximum length of stolon, node and tiller numbers, but less persistent (10-12 weeks) if the grass had not been defoliated. On the other hand, application of organic nutrient led to slow growing grass, but it showed more persistent. The application of organic nutrient supply (PC, PF and PC+F) resulted the best growth of signal grass in comparison with control and more persistent than that of inorganic fertilizer (PA). Key words: Brachiaria humidicola, stolon, tiller, node, mulch

Herbage Yield and Quality of Two Vegetative Parts of Indigofera at Different Times of First Regrowth Defoliation L Abdullah; . Suharlina
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 1 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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A field experiment using Indigofera sp. was conducted at the Farm Research Station of Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga Campus, during 2008-2009. The objectives of this study were to identify the effect of defoliation time on herbage dry-matter production, protein, fiber contents, and in vitro digestibility of different vegetative parts of Indigofera sp. Block randomized design comprising three levels of defoliation time at first regrowth after pruning (38, 68, and 88 days) with 3 replications were used in this experiment. Pruning was done 3 months after transplanted into the experimental plots. First defoliation was conducted after the plant had been pruned. Herbage was derived from different vegetative parts, i.e: leaves of branch base and all parts of shoot tips. The results revealed significant effect of defoliation time on dry matter (DM) production of both branch base and shoot tip herbages. Crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) of branch base were influenced significantly by defoliation time, except crude protein (CP) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD). Defoliation time significantly affected CP, CF, NDF, ADF, IVDMD and IVOMD of herbage derived from shoot tips. Key words: Indigofera, defoliation time, herbage quality, herbage yield

Herbage Production and Quality of Shrub Indigofera Treated by Different Concentration of Foliar Fertilizer L Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 33 No. 3 (2010): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

A field experiment on fodder legume Indigofera sp. was conducted to investigate the effects of foliar fertilizer concentration on forage yield and quality, and to identify optimum concentrations among the fertilizer treatments on herbage yield, chemical composition (CP, NDF, ADF, minerals), and in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) as wll as organic matter (IVOMD) digestibility in goat's rumen. Randomized block design was used for the six concentration of fertilizer treatments; control, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 g/10 l with 3 replicates. Leaves were sprayed with foliar fertilizer at 30, 34, 38, and 42 days after harvest. Samples were collected at 2 harvest times with 60 days cutting interval. Application of the foliar fertilizer up to 30 g/10 l significantly increased herbage DM yield, twig numbers, tannin, saponin, Ca and P content, as well as herbage digestibility (IVDMD and IVOMD). The lower and higher concentration of foliar fertilizer resulted in lower value of those parameters, but NDF and ADF contents had the opposite patterns. The optimum level of foliar fertilizer that resulted the highest herbage yield and quality was 30 g/10 l, and the highest in vitro digestibility and Ca concentration was 20 g/10 l.

Grazing Pressure of Cattle on Mixed Pastures at Coal Mine Land Reclamation T P Daru; S Hardjosoewignjo; L Abdullah; Y Setiadi; . Riyanto
Media Peternakan Vol. 35 No. 1 (2012): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objective of the research was to determine the grazing pressure in mix pasture of signal grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and puero (Pueraria phaseoloides) at coal mining reclamation. The experiment was arranged by randomized block design consisted of 5 stocking rate treatments, those were 12.56, 19.63, 28.26, 38.47, and 50.24 m2.animal-1.d-1 which were equal to length of tether rope of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 m, respectively. The rotation system was applied by modifying the tether. Each rotation period was 30 d of three-rotation period. Result of this experiment showed that average daily gain (ADG) was different (P2.animal-1.d-1 and decreased linearly with increasing length of rope from 254.29 to 100.17 kg.ha-1. Maximum dry matter consumption was achieved at length of tether rope of 3.32 m or grazing area 34.61 m2.animal-1.d-1. Average dry matter yield in this experiment was 235.39 g.m-2.d-1 or 2.35 ton.ha-1.mo-1. Botanical composition of signal grass, puero, and weeds before and after grazing was change with grazing pressure.

Physiological Adaptation and Biomass Production of Macroptilium bracteatum Inoculated with AMF in Drought Condition S Sowmen; L Abdullah; P D.M.H Karti; D Sopandie
Media Peternakan Vol. 35 No. 2 (2012): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of drought stress and mycorrhizal inoculation on physiological adaptation and biomass production of Macroptilium bracteatum. This experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with four treatments: M0 (no AM + watered), M1 (AM + watered), M2 (no AM + drought), and M3 (AM + drought) with three replicates. The observed variables were soil water content, leaf water potential, leaf relative water content, leaf proline, leaf water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), root and shoot dry weight. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and differences between treatments were tested by DMRT. Drought treatments (M2 and M3) significantly (P < 0.05) decrease soil water content, leaf water potential, leaf relative water content and increased the leaf proline content. The result in root and shoot dry weight appear that M1 treatment was significantly different (P < 0.05) with treatment M0, M2, and M3. For leaf WSC, M0 and M2 treatments were significantly different (P < 0.05) with treatment M1 and M3. It is concluded that mycorrhiza inoculation was more effective on M. bracteatum, in drought stress. One mechanism of drought resistance of M. bracteatum is the accumulation of osmotic compounds proline. Therefore, proline can be used as an indicator of drought resistance in leguminous plants.

Analysis on The Roles of Stakeholders in The Management of Integrated Breeding Beef Cattle Farm Program at PT KPC East Kutai J Ariansyah; A Ismail; L Abdullah
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 2 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

An analysis of the roles of stakeholders was conducted as a continuity program of Peternakan Sapi Terpadu (PESAT; integrated beef cattle farm) following the coal mining deactivation by PT Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC) of East Kutai, East Kalimantan. The purpose of this study was to formulate stakeholders relation in the future program. The stakeholders involved in this program were PT KPC, local breeders, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Pertanian (STIPER; Agriculture Academy) of East Kutai, and the local government of East Kutai. The stakeholders analysis was based on the variables of the importance and influence from every analyzed stakeholder. The analysis model used here was the model introduced by Reed et al. (2009). According to the result of the stakeholders analysis, PT KPC was in the key-player quadrant, which score is 25 in both of the interest and the influencial level, while the three others, such as, local breeders, STIPER of East Kutai, and the East Kutai Government were in the subject quadrant. Their score were 24 and 7 for Local breeders, 21 and 9 for STIPER of East Kutai, and 16 and 13 for The East Kutai Government. It means, they had high interest but low influence to the program. The conclusion of this analysis shows that PT KPC is still dominating in the PESAT program management, whereas the three other stakeholders are acting merely as program users that have low involvement in the program management.

Production, Competition Indices, and Nutritive Values of Setaria splendida, Centrosema pubescens, and Clitoria ternatea in Mixed Cropping Systems in Peatland A Ali; L Abdullah; P D.M.H Karti; M A Chozin; D A Astuti
Media Peternakan Vol. 36 No. 3 (2013): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

This research was conducted to evaluate production, different competition indices and nutritive value of Setaria splendida, Centrosema pubescens, and Clitoria ternatea in monoculture and mix cropping system on peat soil land. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with five treatments and three replications. The five treatments were: S. splendida sole cropping (SS), C. pubescens sole cropping (CP), C. ternatea sole cropping (CT), S. splendida and C. pubescens mix cropping (SS/CP) and S. splendida/C. ternatea mix cropping (SS/CT). The DM yield of S. splendida in mixed cropping with C. pubescens increased 43.4% and in mix cropping with C. ternatea increased 15.7% compared to sole S. splendida. The value of land equivalent ratio of SS/CP (LERSS/CP) was >1. The LERSS/CT value was <1. The crowding coefficient value of S. splendida (KSS) was higher than KCP and KCT. The total value of KSS/CP and KSS/CT were >1. The competition ratio (CR) values of S. splendida in both mix cropping were >1. The agressivity (A) values of S. splendida in both mix cropping were positive. The crude protein, NDF and ADF content of forage were not affected by mix cropping system. In conclusion, mix cropping in peatland do not affect productivity and nutritive value of S. splendida, C. pubescens, and C. ternatea. S. splendida is more effective in exploiting environmental resources when intercropped with C. pubescens compared to C. ternatea on peatland.

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