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All Journal MAKARA Journal of Technology Series IPTEK The Journal for Technology and Science Makara Journal of Technology Jurnal Purifikasi Reka Buana : Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Sipil dan Teknik Kimia Scientific Contribution Oil and Gas Instrumentasi Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Makara Journal of Technology
Setijo Bismo
Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, Indonesia
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering Physics

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EFFECTS OF pH ON CALCIUM CARBONATE PRECIPITATION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD Nelson Saksono; Yuliusman Yuliusman; Setijo Bismo; Roekmijati Soemantojo; Azwar Manaf
MAKARA Journal of Technology Vol 13, No 2 (2009): November
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Engagement, Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Magnetic field effect on CaCO3 precipitation is the key parameter in evaluating the effectiveness of Anti-scale MagneticTreatment (AMT). The purpose of this study was to investigate magnetic fields influence on CaCO3 precipitation inhigh and low super-saturated CaCO3 solution by varied pH CaCO3 solution using circulation flow fluid system. Theobservation results in the high super saturated solution (pH 8.5) showed the increase of precipited CaCO3 in magnetizedsolutions compared to those in non-magnetic solution during circulation process. In the low super-saturated CaCO3solution (pH 6.4) it was found that magnetic treatment increased CaCO3 precipitation after circulation process. In highsuper-saturated solution, magnetic field strengthens ion interactions, which reduce precipitation during circulationprocess. However, in low super-saturated CaCO3 solution, magnetic field weakens hydrate ion interaction whichindicated by decreasing of the conductivity of solution. It increases the precipitation of CaCO3 after the circulation ofmagnetization process has completed.Keywords: calcium carbonate precipitation, circulation flow, magnetic field
PENGARUH MEDAN MAGNET TERHADAP PROSES PRESIPITASI CaCO3 DALAM AIR SADAH Nelson Saksono; Setijo Bismo; Elsa Krisanti; Azwar Manaf; Roekmijati Widaningrum
MAKARA Journal of Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2006): November
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Engagement, Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

The Plasma Electrolysis Phenomenon in A Two-Compartment Reactor for Chlor-Alkali Production Nelson Saksono; Fakhrian Abqari; Setijo Bismo
MAKARA Journal of Technology Vol 17, No 2 (2013): Agustus
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Engagement, Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Chlor-alkali is one of the most important processes in the chemical industry. It produces chlorine and caustic soda, which become the main feedstock of daily products. The aim of this study is to report the phenomenon of plasma electrolysis and how it can be used in chlor-alkali production for more efficient energy consumption. When the plasma is formed, the current fluctuates and gradually declines. Plasma electrolysis begins with the process of electrolysis itself. Due to Joule heating, gas bubbles are formed and a sheath is made on both electrodes, resulting in the plasma field. Plasma electrolysis can be identified by its radical production. The higher the voltage and concentration, the greater the production of radicals. In 10 minutes or less, the number of OH radicals produced can reach 4 ppm at 400 V and 0.1 M. This amount is relatively small and is caused by other reactions consuming OH radicals to form other radicals such as chlorine. The energy consumption of plasma electrolysis in this study can reach 16 kJ/mmol Cl2 at 0.5 M NaCl solution.Keywords: chlor-alkali, current, plasma electrolysis, radical formation, voltage
FORMATION OF CaCO3 PARTICLE AND CONDUCTIVITY OF Na2CO3 AND CaCl2 SOLUTION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD ON DYNAMIC FLUID SYSTEM Nelson Saksono; Setijo Bismo; Roekmijati Widaningroem; Azwar Manaf
MAKARA Journal of Technology Vol 15, No 1 (2011): April
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Engagement, Universitas Indonesia

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Abstract

Hard water causes the CaCO3 scale formation on the pipe walls and heat exchanger equipments in industrial or domestic water processes. A great number of experimental researches on the prevention of the CaCO3 precipitation process by magnetic field have been carried out. In this research, Na2CO3 and CaCl2 solutions was magnetized in the circulated flow condition (dynamic fluid system). The velocity of fluid and the circulation time was modified to examine its influences to the magnetization process. CaCO3 content was measured by titration method of EDTA complexometry. Conductivity test was conducted to find out hydrate ion bonding. The results showed that magnetization increased the CaCO3 formation and the optimum process reaches for 10 minutes circulation on 0.554 m/s of flow rate. Magnetic field decreases the conductivities of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 solution, hence reduced the ion hydrate bonding. These results showed that magnetization on Na2CO3 and CaCl2 ionic solution was effective in controlling the CaCO3 formation by increasing CaCO3 precipitation. Keywords: CaCO3 conductivity, magnetic carbonate solution, precipitation
Magnetic Field Effects on CaCO3 Precipitation Process in Hard Water Saksono, Nelson; Bismo, Setijo; Krisanti, Elsa; Manaf, Azwar; Widaningrum, Roekmijati
Makara Journal of Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Services, Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (154.71 KB) | DOI: 10.7454/mst.v10i2.118

Abstract

Magnetic treatment is applied as physical water treatment for scale prevention especially CaCO3, from hard water in piping equipment by reducing its hardness.Na2CO3 and CaCl2 solution sample was used in to investigate the magnetic fields influence on the formation of particle of CaCO3. By changing the strength of magnetic fields, exposure time and concentration of samples solution, this study presents quantitative results of total scale deposit, total precipitated CaCO3 and morphology of the deposit. This research was run by comparing magnetically and non-magnetically treated  samples. The results showed an increase of deposits formation rate and total number of precipitated CaCO3 of magnetically treated samples. The increase of concentration solution sample will also raised the deposit under magnetic  field. Microscope images showed a greater number but smaller size of CaCO3 deposits form in magnetically treated samples, and aggregation during the processes. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that magnetically samples were dominated by calcite. But, there was a significant decrease of calcite’s peak intensities from magnetized  samples that indicated the decrease of the amount of calcite and an increase of total amorphous of deposits. This result  showed that magnetization of hard water leaded to the decreasing of ion Ca2+ due to the increasing of total CaCO3 precipitation process.
The Effect of Ozone and Zeolite Concentration to the Performance of the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Heavy Metal Using Flotation Process Karamah, Eva; Bismo, Setijo; Simbolon, Hotdi
Makara Journal of Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Services, Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (89.741 KB) | DOI: 10.7454/mst.v12i1.141

Abstract

Industrial wastewater which contains heavy metal cannot be disposed to the environment directly, due to its toxicity. In this research, separation of metal from wastewater was conducted by sorptive flotation method, using Lampung natural zeolite as bonding agent. The most common diffuser used in the flotation process is air or oxygen. In this research, ozone is used as diffuser because it is a stronger oxidant and more dissolvable in water than oxygen. Besides, ozone is a coagulant aid and disinfectant. With ozone as diffuser, it is expected that the process become faster with higher efficiency. This research was conducted to determine ozone effectiveness as diffuser, compared with other diffuser, and also to determine optimum concentration and effectiveness of zeolite in flotation of iron, nickel and copper. The research result shows that separation of iron with air diffuser is 90.8%, air-oxygen diffuser is 95.7%, air-ozone (from air) diffuser is 99.7%, and air-ozone (from oxygen) diffuser is 99.7%. Natural zeolite is effective as bonding agent with optimum concentration equal to 2 gram/liter, producing separation percentage for iron equal to 99.70%, copper equal to 88.98% and Nickel equal to 98.46%.
The Plasma Electrolysis Phenomenon in a Two-Compartment Reactor for Chlor-Alkali Production Saksono, Nelson; Abqari, Fakhrian; Bismo, Setijo
Makara Journal of Technology Vol 17, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Services, Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (103.053 KB) | DOI: 10.7454/mst.v17i2.263

Abstract

Chlor-alkali is one of the most important processes in the chemical industry. It produces chlorine and caustic soda, which become the main feedstock of daily products. The aim of this study is to report the phenomenon of plasma electrolysis and how it can be used in chlor-alkali production for more efficient energy consumption. When the plasma is formed, the current fluctuates and gradually declines. Plasma electrolysis begins with the process of electrolysis itself. Due to Joule heating, gas bubbles are formed and a sheath is made on both electrodes, resulting in the plasma field. Plasma electrolysis can be identified by its radical production. The higher the voltage and concentration, the greater the production of radicals. In 10 minutes or less, the number of OH radicals produced can reach 4 ppm at 400 V and 0.1 M. This amount is relatively small and is caused by other reactions consuming OH radicals to form other radicals such as chlorine. The energy consumption of plasma electrolysis in this study can reach 16 kJ/mmol Cl2 at 0.5 M NaCl solution.
Effects of Ph on Calcium Carbonate Precipitation Under Magnetic Field Saksono, Nelson; Yuliusman, Yuliusman; Bismo, Setijo; Soemantojo, Roekmijati; Manaf, Azwar
Makara Journal of Technology Vol 13, No 2 (2009)
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Services, Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (187.585 KB) | DOI: 10.7454/mst.v13i2.165

Abstract

Magnetic field effect on CaCO3 precipitation is the key parameter in evaluating the effectiveness of Anti-scale Magnetic Treatment (AMT). The purpose of this study was to investigate magnetic fields influence on CaCO3 precipitation in high and low super-saturated CaCO3 solution by varied pH CaCO3 solution using circulation flow fluid system. The observation results in the high super saturated solution (pH 8.5) showed the increase of precipited CaCO3 in magnetized solutions compared to those in non-magnetic solution during circulation process. In the low super-saturated CaCO3 solution (pH 6.4) it was found that magnetic treatment increased CaCO3 precipitation after circulation process. In high super-saturated solution, magnetic field strengthens ion interactions, which reduce precipitation during circulation process. However, in low super-saturated CaCO3 solution, magnetic field weakens hydrate ion interaction which indicated by decreasing of the conductivity of solution. It increases the precipitation of CaCO3 after the circulation of magnetization process has completed.
Formation of CaCO3 Particle and Conductivity of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 Solution Under Magnetic Field on Dynamic Fluid System Saksono, Nelson; Bismo, Setijo; Widaningroem, Roekmijati; Manaf, Azwar
Makara Journal of Technology Vol 15, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Services, Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (157.056 KB) | DOI: 10.7454/mst.v15i1.207

Abstract

Hard  water  causes  the  CaCO3  scale  formation  on  the  pipe  walls and  heat  exchanger  equipments  in  industrial  or domestic  water  processes.  A  great  number  of  experimental  researches  on  the  prevention  of the  CaCO3  precipitation process  by  magnetic  field  have  been  carried  out.  In  this  research,  Na2CO3  and  CaCl2  solutions  was  magnetized  in  the circulated  flow  condition  (dynamic  fluid  system).  The  velocity  of  fluid  and  the  circulation  time  was  modified  to examine  its influences  to  the  magnetization  process.  CaCO3  content  was measured  by  titration  method  of  EDTA complexometry.  Conductivity  test  was  conducted  to  find  out  hydrate  ion  bonding.  The  results  showed  that magnetization increased the CaCO3 formation and the optimum process reaches for 10 minutes circulation on 0.554 m/s of flow rate. Magnetic field decreases the conductivities of Na2CO3 and CaCl2  solution, hence reduced the ion hydrate bonding. These results showed that magnetization on Na2CO3 and CaCl2 ionic solution was effective in controlling the CaCO3 formation by increasing CaCO3 precipitation.
PENGARUH OZON DAN KONSENTRASI ZEOLIT TERHADAP KINERJA PROSES PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH CAIR YANG MENGANDUNG LOGAM DENGAN PROSES FLOTASI Eva Karamah; Setijo Bismo; Hotdi Simbolon
MAKARA Journal of Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2008): April
Publisher : Directorate of Research and Community Engagement, Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The Effect of Ozone and Zeolite Concentration to the Performance of the Treatment of Wastewater Containing Heavy Metal Using Flotation Process. Industrial wastewater which contains heavy metal cannot be disposed to the environment directly, due to its toxicity. In this research, separation of metal from wastewater was conducted by sorptive flotation method, using Lampung natural zeolite as bonding agent. The most common diffuser used in the flotation process is air or oxygen. In this research, ozone is used as diffuser because it is a stronger oxidant and more dissolvable in water than oxygen. Besides, ozone is a coagulant aid and disinfectant. With ozone as diffuser, it is expected that the process become faster with higher efficiency. This research was conducted to determine ozone effectiveness as diffuser, compared with other diffuser, and also to determine optimum concentration and effectiveness of zeolite in flotation of iron, nickel and copper. The research result shows that separation of iron with air diffuser is 90.8%, air-oxygen diffuser is 95.7%, air-ozone (from air) diffuser is 99.7%, and air-ozone (from oxygen) diffuser is 99.7%. Natural zeolite is effective as bonding agent with optimum concentration equal to 2 gram/liter, producing separation percentage for iron equal to 99.70%, copper equal to 88.98% and Nickel equal to 98.46%.Keywords: flotation, ozone, zeolite, heavy metal
Co-Authors Ade Putera Adi Cifriadi, Adi Asep Handaya Saputra Asep Handaya Saputra, Asep Azwar Manaf Bondan Ariawan, Bondan Dadi R. Maspanger, Dadi Elsa Krisanti Elsa Krisanti, Elsa Eva Fathul Karamah Eva Karamah Eva Karamah, Eva Fakhrian Abqari Fakhrian Abqari Fakhrian Abqari, Fakhrian Ferry Ikhsandy Hotdi Simbolon Hotdi Simbolon, Hotdi Johan Johan Kristanti, Elsa L Linda Laksono, Nelson Luvita, Veny Milasari Herdiana Putri Nelson Saksono Nelson Saksono Pratama, Fami Adetyas Maulana Rahma Muthia, Rahma Ratih Tien Seratri, Ratih Roekmijati Soemantojo Roekmijati Soemantojo, Roekmijati Roekmijati W. Soemantojo, Roekmijati W. Roekmijati Widaningroem Roekmijati Widaningroem, Roekmijati Roekmijati Widaningrum Roekmijati Widaningrum, Roekmijati Simbolon, Hotdi M. Slamet Slamet Sofia Loren Butarbutar Sugiarto, Anto Tri Sutrasno Kartohardjono Syafrizal Syafrizal Tuti Indah Sari, Tuti Tuti Indah Sari, Tuti Indah Widiatmini Sih Winanti Widodo Wahyu Purwanto Yuliusman Yuliusman Yuliusman Yuliusman Zulkifliani, Zulkifliani