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Pengembangan Perekat Likuid dan Papan Partikel dari Limbah Tandan Kosong Sawit Surdiding Ruhendi; Tito Sucipto
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 2 (2013): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Abstract

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) is one of lignocellulosic natural resource, which is highly potential as adhesive and particleboard raw materials. The purpose of the study was determine wood liquid qualities, and to evaluate the effect of adhesive contents, wood liquid extension levels on melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin, and resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) fortification levels on wood liquid to particleboard quality. The results showed that the EFB wood liquid is considered as phenolic resin group, liquid form and free of dirt, reddish brown color, pH 11, 34 cps viscosity, solids content of 34.47%, and gelatine time >60 minutes. Some characteristics of wood liquid adhesives meet SNI 06-4567-1998, namely the form, appearance, pH, and gelatine time. The physical and mechanical properties of particle board for all treatments were 0.64-0.93 g/cm3 density, moisture content 6-12%, thickness swelling 13-292%, water absorption 39-239%, modulus of rupture (MOR) 16-199 kg/cm2, modulus of elasticity (MOE) 2321-19810 kg/cm2, internal bonding 0.16-7.19 kg, and screw holding power 16-62 kg. Some physical and mechanical properties of particle board meet the standard of JIS A 5908-2003. Particleboard using MF resin without wood liquid extension (adhesive content of 20%) was the best quality particleboard. Wood liquid for particleboard recommended using wood liquid fortified with 5% MF resin (adhesive content of 15%) and MF resin with 15% wood liquid extensions (adhesive content of 20%) produced good quality particleboard.
The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil trunk.  The result showed that in term of the vertical direction the lower part of stem had better physical (density, moisture content and shrinkage) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, hardness, compressive and tensile strength parallel to grain) properties compared with medium and upper end part.  In the horizontal direction the edge part of trunk had better physical and mech Apri Heri ISWANTO; Tito SUCIPTO; Irawati AZHAR; Zahrial COTO; Fauzi FEBRIANTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

The objective of this research was to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of palm oil trunk.  The result showed that in term of the vertical direction the lower part of stem had better physical (density, moisture content and shrinkage) and mechanical (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, hardness, compressive and tensile strength parallel to grain) properties compared with medium and upper end part.  In the horizontal direction the edge part of trunk had better physical and mechanical properties than medium and center part.   Keywords :              horizontal direction, palm oil stem, physical pro-perties, mechanical properties, vertical direction
The acidity of wood and panel product was important factor to impact on metal corrosion and give effect on adhesive curing time.  The objective of this research was  to explore of pH and buffering capacity from nine tropical woods.  Method to determination of pH and buffering capacity  reffers to Johns and Niazi (1980) experiment. The result of this research showed that nine tropical woods which observed had different acidity and buffering capacity. The range of wood acidity had pH 4-7.  The cor Apri Heri ISWANTO; Tito SUCIPTO; Fauzi FEBRIANTO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

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Abstract

The acidity of wood and panel product was important factor to impact on metal corrosion and give effect on adhesive curing time.  The objective of this research was  to explore of pH and buffering capacity from nine tropical woods.  Method to determination of pH and buffering capacity  reffers to Johns and Niazi (1980) experiment. The result of this research showed that nine tropical woods which observed had different acidity and buffering capacity. The range of wood acidity had pH 4-7.  The correlation value of pH and buffering capacity from this research about 4-5 for base and acid buffering.   Keywords:  acidity of wood, pH, buffering capacity.
Pengembangan Perekat Likuida dari Limbah Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Marcelila Medynda; Tito Sucipto; Luthfi Hakim
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

Increased need for adhesive in the wood processing industry require alternative to meet the needs. Cocoa is one of natural resource that contains lignocelluloses and potential to be alternative adhesive through liquefaction process. This research aim to determine adhesive quality such as visible, degree of acidity (pH), viscosity, density, solid content, gelatin time, ash content , free formaldehyde, and crystalline degree, compare the adhesive quality of cocoa fruit outer skin (CFOS/ KBKL) and inner skin (CFIS/ KBKD), and compare them with SNI 06-4567-1998. Mixed cocoa fruit skin, H2SO4, technical crystal phenol, NaOH and formalin with 90ºC temperature for 2 hours. Result of research showed that cocoa fruit skin adhesive is phenolic group with CFOS was liquid adhesive characteristic, brown colored, waste free, degree of acidity was 10, viscosity was 0,8355 cps, density was 1,156, degree of solid content was 42,33%, gelatin time was 89 minutes 37 seconds, ash content was 9,2%, free formaldehyde was 0,8% and crystalline degree was 35,19% and CFIS characteristic was liquid, reddish brown colored, waste free, degree of acidity was 10, viscosity was 31,202 cps, density was 1,262, degree of solid content was 44,66%, gelatin time was 73 minutes 45 seconds, ash content was 13,8%, free formaldehyde was 0,48% and crystalline degree was 37,28%. CFIS better than CFOS because it has fit with the standards well and also almost standard approach although not according to standard. Cocoa fruit skin liquid adhesive quality were gotten fulfilled SNI 06-4567-1998 enough such as appearance, degree of acidity, degree of solid content and gelatin time. Free formaldehyde characteristic also fulfill of SNI 06-4565-1998 was ≤2% Key word: waste, cocoa fruit outer and inner skin, liquiefaction, wood liquid adhesive
ANALISIS PEMASARAN PRODUK ROTAN OLAHAN DI KOTA BINJAI Pardamean Tampubolon; Irawati Azhar; Tito Sucipto
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

Utilization of non timber forest products, especially rattan gives a positive impact on industrial development in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the type and price of raw materials of rattan and rattan products processed were traded, and analyze the marketing flow of rattan product processed in Binjai of raw materials derived from Langkat. Data retrieved through interviews with intermediaries rattan craftsmen and traders, and tabulated, then calculated using the formula of marketing margins and profit margins are then analyzed. Rattan species that dominate in the industry, namely sega (Calamus caesius Blume) and getah (Daemonorops angustifolia Mart) and the type of rattan genera Calamus and Daemonorops be priced between Rp.3.000-Rp.20.000 per stem or per kg. Processed rattan products are tables, chairs, baskets, hood serving, place parcel rattan, wicker mirror with a selling price of between Rp.8.000-Rp.400.000 per unit. Based on the R/C ratio of the products in the rattan industry Aslinda, production of wicker basket viable and economically beneficial to the R/C ratio > 1 of 100 units of the product. There are three (3) types of marketing flow in Binjai, that is 1). The craftsmen is directly to consumer, 2). The craftsmen to store/retailers who will resell it to consumers and 3). The craftsmen and also seller to the consumer.Keywords : rattan, rattan products, marketing analysis, R/C ratio
Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Kayu Karet(Hevea brasiliensis MUELL Arg) Bekas Sadapan dan Kayu Karet tanpa Sadapan Rudy Hartono Sipahutar; Tito Sucipto; Apri Heri Iswanto
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

Rubber wood asone of light conctruction material was produced from community forest.  The objective of theseresearch was to evaluatethe physical and mechanical properties of tapping and untapping rubber wood for considering as construction materials.physical and mechanical testing refers to british standard (BS:373-1957). The result of these research showed that physical properties value such as air dry moisture content, specivic gravity, and longitudinal, radial, tangential shrinkage were 13,46-22,43%, 0,61-0,73,0,62-1,32%, 1,05-3,65% and 2,39-5,30%respectively for tapping rubber wood.  Furthermore forthe similar patameter, untapping rubber wood were 7,44-14,68%, 0,57-0,71 and 0,6-2,09%, 1,27-4,13%, 2,5-5,35% respectively.The mechanical properties value included of moe,mor, parallel compression strength, and hardness for tapping and untapping rubber wood were 67813-129480 kg/cm2 and52759-107817 kg/cm2, 751,61-1071,68 kg/cm2 and 649-899,74  kg/cm2, 83,79-148,43 kg/cm2 and 80,54-137,88  kg/cm2, 16,99-21,94 kg/cm2 and 12,7-17,9 kg/cm2 respectively.Key words: rubber wood, tapping and untapping, physical and mechanical properties
Pengaruh Perlakuan Pengarangan dan Penambahan Partikel Kemiri Terhadap Kualitas Paving Block ( Frederick Raymond; Tito Sucipto; Irawati Azhar
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

This experiment aims to determine the quality paving block with the addition of kemiri particles with carbonization treatment, evaluate the effect of adding particles and carbonization treatment and determine the number of particles and optimal treatment. Variations of these purpose was the particle composition (5%, 7%, 9%) and carbonization treatment. Characteristics of the paving block with treatments based on SNI 03-0691-1996 particle composition and carbonization treatment is from 24,21 to 62,53 MPa compressive strength (quality A-B), water absorption 1,89% - 2,79% (quality A), resistance to sodium sulfate 1,72% -2,82% (defects) and porosity of 1,31% - 5,67%. The treatment takes significant effect on the compressive strength, resistance to sodium sulfate and porosity but did not significantly affect the water absorption. Based on the results of analysis of variance, optimal treatment is the particle composition 7% with treatment without carbonization.Keywords: paving blocks, kemiri shell, carbonization, particle composition, quality.
Pengaruh Kadar Perekat Urea Formaldehida Terhadap Kualitas Papan Partikel dari Kayu Gamal (Gliricidia sepium Jonyal Periandi Sitanggang; Tito Sucipto; Irawati Azhar
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

The stalk of the gamal wood is one of potential raw material for manufacturing particleboard. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of urea formaldehyde adhesives content on physical and mechanichal properties of the particleboard and to determine the optimum urea formaldehyde adhesives content for the gamal particleboard. Particleboard were made with size 25 cm x 25 cm x 1 cm with density of 0,8 g/cm3. The particleboard be pressed by 1200C temperature during 8 minute with pressure 25 kg/cm2. Result showed the treatment of adhesive content have significant influence on moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bond (IB) gamal particleboard. The optimum treatment of urea formaldehyde adhesive content is 11%.Key words: Gliricidia sepium, particleboard, adhesive content, quality
Variasi Pelapis Luar dan Berat Labur Perekat Phenol Formaldehida terhadap Kualitas Papan Lamina dengan Inti dari Batang Kelapa Sawit Rasi Odesto Tarigan; Tito Sucipto; Rudi Hartono
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

Laminated board of oil palm trunk made with variations outer layer plywood 3 mm (P1), plywood 6 mm (P2), and high density of oil palm trunk (BT) with the configuration which is P1-BT, P1-P1, P1-P2, P2-BT, and P2-P2. In addition, by using a variation of phenol formaldehyde adhesive glue spread between 240g/m2 and 260g/m2. The maturation of the adhesive is done using a hot press with a temperature of 150 oC for 15 minutes. This study used a completely random experimental factorial design with 2 factors and the results were compared with the JAS 243:2003 standard.The results of this study among others density, water content, water absorption in immersion for 2 hours and 24 hours, thickness swelling on immersion for 2 hours and 24 hours, delamination ratio, MOE and MOR were 0,48-0,62 g/cm3, 9,73-11,36%, 23,55-33,57% and 72,62-85,27%, 3,64-8,64% and 8,32-15,04%, 0%, 31.402-47.533 kg/cm2 and 254,17-374,25 kg/cm2. Water content, the ratio of delamination and largely MOR value fulfilled JAS 243:2003 standard.The best of outer layer and phenol formaldehyde adhesive glue spread by JAS 243:2003 standard and results of the analysis range for the laminated board with oil palm trunk as a raw materials in general was P2-BT (plywood 6 mm and high density of oil palm trunk) and glue spread was 260 g/m2.Keywords: laminated board, oil palm trunk, outer layer, glue spread, phenol folmaldehyde.
Kualitas Papan Semen dari Partikel Serutan Pensil dengan Berbagai Rasio Semen dan Partikel Desi Natarina Sembiring; Luthfi Hakim; Tito Sucipto
Peronema Forestry Science Journal Vol 4, No 2 (2015): Peronema Forestry Science Journal
Publisher : Program studi Kehutanan USU

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Abstract

Cement-Bonded Particleboard made of pencil shaving industry waste has not developed in Indonesian. The main objective of this research was to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of cement bonded from pencil shavings particles and determine the optimum cement-to-particle ratio. The treatment of cement/particle ratio were 90:10; 85:15; 80:20 and 75:25. Methods of this research were two steps curing. The first step was air curing using cold press for ±4 days and continued of second step was oven curing at 80̊ C for 24 hours. The result of the research showed that cement-bonded particleboard produced density value around 0,73-1,13 g/cm3, moisture content 8,37-12,16%, water absorption on immersion 2 hours and 24 hours around 23,78-43,48% and 27,33-51,90%, thickness swelling on immersion 2 hours and 24 hours around 0,79-1,82%  and 1,39-2,89%, modulus of elasticity around 114,21-880,17  kg/cm2, modulus of rupture around 7,32-18,52 kg/cm2 and internal bond around 0,88- 1,56 kg/cm2. The effect of cement/particle ratio on the research showed that 80:20 is very good compared from 90:10; 85:15 and 75:25.Key words: cement-bonded particleboard, pencil shavings particles, cement-to-particle ratio.