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All Journal Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia AGROSAINSTEK: Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Pertanian

Widodo Widodo

Institut Pertanian Bogor

Author-ID : 2452125

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Environmental Science Medicine & Pharmacology

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Cendawan Endofit Nonpatogen Asal Tanaman Cabai dan Potensinya sebagai Agens Pemacu Pertumbuhan Evan P. Ramdan; Widodo Widodo; Efi Toding Tondok; Suryo Wiyono; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 9 No 5 (2013)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Endophytic fungi have been reported to have mutual symbiosis with their host. This research aimed to obtain nonpathogenic isolates of endophytic fungi from roots, stems, and branches of chili pepper. Endophytic fungi were isolated on 10% malt extract agar (MEA) after serial surface sterilization of plant parts. The effect of endophytic fungi on the development of chili pepper seeds were tested by growing seeds on media containing endophytic fungi isolate. As many as 138 isolates of endophytic fungi were successfully isolated from chili pepper plants from Garut and Bogor. Based on colony morphology the isolates can be differentiated into 9 morphotypes. Among the total isolates, 13.04% are nonpathogenic. Some of them (7,25%) do not effect seedling significantly compared to control and some isolates (5.79%) caused better seedling growth than control. Endophytic fungi having the potential to promote plant growth was identified as Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp., sterile hyphae 1, 2, and 3.

KOMUNIKASI SINGKAT: Penyakit Keriting Pada Tanaman Pepaya Di Bogor Maria Ulfa Putri Yoeshinda; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 10 No 3 (2014)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Papaya is widely grown and consumed in Indonesia as a favorite fruit. Since 2011, a new disease was reported in Bogor, i.e. leaf curl disease caused by Cladosporium cladosporioides.Therefore, a survey was conducted in Bogor to determine the status of leaf curl disease of papaya and to identify some agricultural practices that may affect disease development. Based on field observation conducted in Bogor, subdistricts Rancabungur and Sukaraja, it was evidenced that leaf curl disease has been widely spread, with disease incidence reached 87 % and 96%, respectively and disease severity in both areas reached 24–28%. Although disease severity was not different, disease incidence was generally lower in papaya field cultivating var. Caliporan (medium type fruit)or in monoculture cropping system compared to those cultivating var. Bangkok (large type fruit) or multiple cropping system. Other cultivated practices did not seem to cause significant effect on disease incidence and severity.

Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Lada dengan Ekstrak Pinang, Gambir, Sirih, dan Kapur Sirih Dedek Kusvianti; Widodo Widodo; Djoko Prijono
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 10 No 4 (2014)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Pepper is an important commodity in Indonesia due to its export value. Infection of Phytophthora capsici causing stem rot disease is very critical for the production of pepper plants. Research was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of extracts of areca, gambir, betle, and lime paste for controlling stem rot disease. In vitro and in vivo experiments was designed to evaluate 2 factors, i.e. type and concentration of extracts. In vitro experiment was conducted by growing 4 day old and 5 mm in diameter of P. capsici isolate on V8 media containing the extracts tested. In vivo experiment was done by dipping pepper leaves on the extracts, followed by dropping zoospores of P. capsici on underneath of leaf surface. Mixture of 4 extracts (areca + gambir + betel + lime paste) of 0.005% and 0.01%; and areca extract of 0.04% was able to inhibit the growth of P. capsici colonies effectively in vitro. Similarly, mixture of 4 extracts of 0.01% effectively suppressed disease severity in vivo with equal effect with those of propineb fungicide of 0.2%.

Pendugaan Parameter Genetik Ketahanan Tanaman Cabai terhadap Penyakit Antraknosa Syaidatul Rosidah; Muhamad Syukur; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 10 No 6 (2014)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Fruits of chili pepper as crossing population between C15 and C2 genotype were used to study genetic parameter of resistance for anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. Twenty mature green chili pepper fruits from each plant were inoculated by C. acutatum PYK 04 isolate. The results showed that resistance to anthracnose in chili pepper was controlled by recessive gene. Broad-sence heritability were high for both disease incidence and necrotic diameter. Narrow-sence heritability were high for stem diameter and low for necrotic diameter. Additive-variance ratio were high for disease incidence and medium for necrotic diameter. Development of resistance varieties of chili pepper to anthracnose should be subjected to line varieties.

Eksplorasi Fusarium Nonpatogen untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal pada Bawang Merah Umi Sallamatul Isniah; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae causing basal rot disease is one of an important constrains in shallot productions. Result from several studies showed that non-pathogenic F. oxysporum was very potential to control fusarium basal rot in shallot. This study was conducted to explore non-pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum from shallot fields which might be effective for controlling basal rot disease. Eighteen out of 21 isolates did not cause any disease symptom, they even promoted shallot growth when inoculated onto bulbs. Three out of 18 selected isolates, i.e. P13a, T14a, and P21a were the most effective isolates in controlling the disease in two consecutive experiments with level of efficacy ranges from 61.2% to 83.3%. This level of efficacy was higher than those of fungicide (benomyl) treatment.

Deteksi dan Identifikasi Cendawan Terbawa Benih Brassicaceae Anthoni Sulthan Harahap; Titiek Siti Yuliani; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 3 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Seed quality is very critical in agricultural production, especially to gain high yield and reduce disease problems in the field. New diseases or pathogens is potentially entering a country through seed movement by import activity. This study aimed to detect and identify seed-borne fungi from Brassicaceae seeds imported from the United States and Malaysia. Seeds were incubated on 5 sheets of wet blotting paper at a temperature of 27–30 °C for 14 days following surface sterilization. Each fungus that grows on the seed was isolated on potato dextrose agar and malt extract agar for further morphological identification. The three fungi most commonly found either on the seed with or without surface-sterilization were Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata and A. niger. All of the fungi were a potential pathogen in the family Brassicaceae seeds and seedlings. Important pathogen in Brassicaceae crops, i.e. Phoma lingam was also found in small amounts and only on white pak choy seeds.

Pengendalian Colletotrichum spp. Terbawa Benih Cabai dengan Paparan Gelombang Mikro Lilih Naelun Najah; Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 4 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Seed treatment using microwave has been reported as an effective and efficient method to control seed borne pathogens of chili pepper. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of microwave irradiation treatment to suppress seedborne Colletotrichum spp. while maintaining physiological quality of chili’s seed. First experiment was aimed to select the best condition for seed germination, and was done in completely randomized design with three levels of water content (4.31%, 6.33%, and 8.25%). The second experiment was aimed to determine the best condition for disease suppression, and was done in completely randomized design with different levels of microwave irradiation duration (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 seconds) using the best seed water content level from the first experiment. Application of systemic fungicide with benomyl as active ingredient (0.5 g L-1) was done as check treatment. Four major species of Colletotrichum was found from chili’s seed, i.e. C. acutatum, C. capsici, C. gloeosporioides, and Colletotrichum sp. with C. acutatum as the predominant species. The best water content level for microwave treatment was 4.31%. The most effective treatment was microwave irradiation duration for 40 seconds with efficacy rate of 64.5% for controlling seedborne C. acutatum on chili pepper.

Cendawan Endofit yang Potensial Meningkatkan Ketahanan Cabai Merah terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri Ana Feronika Cindra Irawati; Yudi Sastro; Sulastri Sulastri; Maggy Tenawidjaja Suhartono; Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 12 No 4 (2016)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Ralstonia solanacearum has been known to cause bacterial wilt disease on chili pepper. Despite many reports on the potential use of endophytic fungi to induce plant resistance, its utilization to suppress bacterial wilt disease of chili has not been widely reported. The aims of this research was to screen potential endophytic fungi that may increase chili resistance against bacterial wilt disease. Selection of endophytic fungi was done using in vivo and antibiosis test. Strains of fungi were considered the most potent in suppressing the development of bacterial wilt in chilli were identified. Ten out of 62 isolates of endophytic fungi gave the highest suppression on chilli’s bacterial wilt disease. Most strains of endophytic fungi were able to suppress the development of bacterial wilt disease, but not always positively correlated to the vegetative and generative growth of chilli. Based on the level of disease intensity and the growth of plants were obtained three strains of endophytic fungi that considered potentially suppress the incidence of bacterial wilt disease. The three isolates was identified as Fusarium solani f.sp. phaseoli (AC-2.13 and AC-4.4) and Trichoderma asperellum (AC-3.18) using morphology and molecular characters. Although all three selected isolates were able to suppress bacterial wilt disease in this study, but application of F. solani f.sp. phaseoli should be considered in practical use since it is generally known as the causal agent of root rot disease of beans

Keragaman Morfologi, Genetika, dan Patogenisitas Colletotrichum acutatum PenyebabAntraknosa Cabai di Jawa dan Sumatera Roy Ibrahim; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; widodo widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Colletotrichum acutatum is known as the major causal agents of anthracnose disease of chilli pepper in Indonesia. This research was aimed to study genetic variability of C. acutatum in Java and Sumatera based on morphological and molecular characteristics and to evaluate pathogenicity of several isolates. Observation on morphological characteristics involved colour and growth of each colony as well as shape and size of conidia. Molecular identification was performed by DNA amplification using specific primer for C. acutatum, i.e. CaInt2/ITS4 followed by sequencing and nucleotide sequence analysis. Pathogenicity test for each isolate on Capsicum annuum and C. frutescens was conducted in the laboratory using detached chilli. Morphology variability was observed from 40 isolates of C. acutatum. Most of the isolates have white/beige colonies with fusiform conidia of 6.11–9.73 µm in length and 2.24–2.73 µm in width. Pathogenicity of 3 C. acutatum isolates varies from moderate to high based on lesions size on infected chilli. Sequence analysis of 8 C. acutatum isolates indicated high homology among isolates from Java and Sumatera

Penyakit Karat Bawang Daun yang Disebabkan oleh Puccinia allii Rud. Widodo Widodo; Ginting Tri Pamungkas; Hendry Susetyo; Antoni Setiawan; Johanis Wowor
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 13 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

New disease of bunching onion (Allium fistulosum) with typical symptoms as rust disease was found in the sub-district of West Tompaso and Modoinding, District of South Minahasa, North Sulawesi in June 2016. Infected plants in the field showed yellowish brown pustules on leaf surface, followed by leaf yellowing and drying out started from the tip. Disease incidence in surveyed area reached 100% with disease severity between 30%–50%. Based on microscopic observation of the fungal morphological characteristic, i.e. uredium dan urediniospora, the causal agent was identified as Puccinia allii Rud.

Co-Authors Ana Feronika Cindra Irawati Andika Septiana Suryaningsih Anthoni Sulthan Harahap Antoni Setiawan Dedek Kusvianti DJOKO PRIJONO Efi Toding Tondok Eryna Elfasari Rangkuti Evan P. Ramdan Evan Purnama Ramdan Evan Purnama Ramdan Gayuh Rahayu Ginting Tri Pamungkas Giyanto Giyanto Hendry Susetyo Johanis Wowor Kikin H Mutaqin Lilih Naelun Najah Maggy Tenawidjaja Suhartono Maria Ulfa Putri Yoeshinda Mohamad Rahmad Suhartanto Muhamad Syukur Ni Putu Winda Mahasari Roy Ibrahim Sobir Sobir SRI HENDRASTUTI HIDAYAT Sulastri Sulastri Suryo Wiyono Syaidatul Rosidah Thamrin Khamidi Titiek Siti Yuliani Umi Sallamatul Isniah Yudi Sastro

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