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All Journal Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Majalah Obat Tradisional BERITA BIOLOGI JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Proceeding Biology Education Conference
Chairul Chairul
Pusat Penelitian Biologi LIPI, Jl. Ir. H. Djuanda No. 18, Bogor
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Engineering Health Professions Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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IDENTIFIKASI SECARA CEPAT BAHAN BIOAKTIF PADA TUMNUHAN DI LAPANGAN Chairul, Chairul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 6, No 4 (2003)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (7809.006 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v6i4.3461

Abstract

New drug discovery from natural products (bio-prospecting) is not an easy works and takes time, big budget, human resources etc. some important approaches must be taken in order to get success. A preliminary observation of biologycally active components is impotant approach in order that more selective in collecting research materials in the field. This approach is purposed to pacilitate (make easier) the next step research process later in the laboratory level. Several Methods of preliminary observaton of biologyvcally active components had been carried out in the field, but the general guideline of fast observation had been used e.g. 1). Etno-botany (Etnomedicine and Etnopharmacology), 2). Chemotaxonomy, 3). Organoleptic, 4). Chemical (reagent kit) and 5).Simple bioassay in the field (fish posion test, insecticide). Besides that collecting the herbarium specimen as well as research materials for any scienfitic and laboratory works. This paper described these approaches in order to make useful methods to researchers, who go to the field and they could collect more selective research materials before bring them to laboratory.
Fermentasi Asam Asetat Dari Nira Nipah (Nypa Fruticans) Menggunakan Acetobacter Pasteurianus Dengan Variasi Volume Inokulum Dan Waktu Fermentasi Triani, Leni; Chairul, Chairul; Yenti, Silvia Reni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The main products are nipah sap which isobtained from not fruit bunches with high sugar concentrations so as to provide an opportunity in the utilization of nipah sap to be acetic acid. Acetic acid can be produced naturally from ingredients containing sugar through fermentation using bacteria. The variation of inoculums acetobacter pasteurianus is 10%,13% and 16% and the time of acetic acid fermentation is 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days. The results of the analysis using the Nelson-Somogyi reagent revealed that the initial sugar concentration was 162,97 g/L. time of bioethanol fermentation is 24 hours. The maximum concentration of acetic acid obtained was 27,22 g/L with a pH 0f 3,47 and yield 33,09%. This maximum concentration was obtained on 9 days of acetic acid fermentation at 13% of acetobacter pasteurianus inoculums.Keywords : Acetobacter Pasteurianus, acetic acid, fermentation, inokulum, nipah sap.
Biokonversi Kertas HVS Bekas Menjadi Bioetanol Dengan Variasi Kondisi Hidrolisis Asam Dan Waktu Fermentasi Wahyu, Pri; Chairul, Chairul; Yelmida, Yelmida
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Indonesia is one of the largest paper producing and exporting countries in the world. Along with the increasing production of paper, the amount of used paper in the world is increase, and in Indonesia also. Waste paper is a very large source of fiber, if this can be used properly, waste paper can produce bioethanol which is able to overcome the scarcity of fossil fuels. Every kilogram of waste paper can produce 0.28 liter of bioethanol with proper operation condition. The purpose of this study is to see the effect of the pretreatment process, find the best acid hydrolysis parameters, and also to find the optimum fermentation time of used HVS fiber with separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) method. The sequence of this study is; pretreatment with NaOH solution for deinking process, then hydrolysis process with variation of acid concentration 2%, 4%, 6% dan 8% for two hours in variation temperature 120, 130 and 140 oC, and the last is fermentation. In the fermentation process, 1 gram Saccharomyces cerevisiae is added in to the sample and let the fermentation process is occur with time variation 24, 48, 72 and 96 hour. The maximum sugar concentration can produce from the hydrolysis process is 85,53 gr/l with acid concentration 8% and hydrolysis temperature 120 oC. The best time for fermentation is 72 hours with bioethanol produced 4%.Keywords: Bioethanol, fermentation, hydrolysis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, waste paper.
Fermentasi Nira Nipah Menjadi Asam Asetat Menggunakan Acetobacter Pasteurianus Dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Gula Dan Waktu Fermentasi Rohaya, Rohaya; Chairul, Chairul; Muria, Sri Rezeki
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Acetic acid is widely used in the manufacture of chemicals, food additives, and cosmetics. Acetic acid can be produced by fermentation using nypa sap raw material because it contains sucrose, glucose, and fructose. One of the factors that influence fermentation results is the concentration of sugar. The fermentation process was carried out with two fermentation stages in stage I using S. Cerevisiae at 1,3 and 5 days fermentation time with a sugar concentration of 249 g / L. The resulting bioethanol was followed by the second stage of fermentation using A.Pasteurianus at 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days fermentation time. The maximum concentration of acetic acid was obtained at 9 days fermentation and bioethanol substrate 23,68 g / L which was 5,35 g / L and 49,73% yield.Keywords : Acetic acid, A. Pasteurianus, fermentation, nypa sap.
Pengaruh Volume Inokulum Acetobacter Aceti Dan Waktu Fermentasi Terhadap Fermentasi Asam Asetat Dari Nira Aren (Arenga Pinnata) Yasminto, Habib Maulana; Chairul, Chairul; Utami, Syelvia Putri
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 6 (2019): Edisi 1 Januari s/d Juni 2019
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

Sugar palm sap produced by sugar palm tree (Arenga pinnata). The sap is important product due to its sugar content can be used to produce brown sugar or fermented to ethanol and acetic acid. The sugar palm which is obtained from not fruit bunches with high sugar concentrations so as to provide an opportunity in the utilization of sugar palm to be acetic acid. Acetic acid can be produced naturally from ingredients containing sugar through fermentation using bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the result of ethanol in fermentation alcoholization, determine the effect of variations in the time of fermentation, variations in the volume of acetobacter aceti inoculum, determine the best acetic acid fermentation time for the concentration acetic acid obtained and determine the remaining ethanol and sugar during the asetification fermentation process. The bioethanol fermentation time is 6 day with volume of inoculum is 10% while the volume inoculum asetification fermentation 15% and the time of acetic acid fermentation is 16 day. The results of the analysis using the Nelson-Somogyi reagent revealed that the initial sugar concentration was 143.33 g/L. The maximum concentration of acetic acid obtained was 3.74%. This maximum concentration was obtained on 8 days of acetic acid fermentation at 15% of acetobacter aceti.Keywords : acetobacter aceti, acetic acid, fermentation, inoculum, sugar palm
KOMUNITAS FITOPLANKTON DI SEKITAR SUNGAI UTAMA DI ZONA LITORAL DANAU SINGKARAK, PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT Arifin, Serly Marselina; Izmiarti, Izmiarti; Chairul, Chairul
Natural Science: Journal of Science and Technology Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Volume 4 Number 3 (December 2015)
Publisher : Univ. Tadulako

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Abstract

Penelitian tentang komunitas fitoplankton di sekitar sungai utama di zona litoral Danau Singkarak telah dilakukan bulan April 2014. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui komposisi dan struktur komunitas fitoplankton di sekitar aliran masuk dan keluar zona litoral Danau Singkarak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survey pada 5 stasiun pengamatan yang ditetapkan secara porpusive sampling. Fitoplankton yang ditemukan sebanyak 56 jenis yang terdiri dari empat kelas yaitu Bacillariophyceae (23 jenis), Chlorophyceae (22 jenis), Cyanophyceae (6 jenis), dan Dinophyceae (5 jenis). Kepadatan total fitoplankton tertinggi (2.272,97 ind/l) ditemukan pada aliran masuk sungai Sumani (Stasiun III) dan terendah (305,88 ind./l) ditemukan pada aliran masuk sungai Paninggahan (Stasiun IV). Jenis fitoplankton yang dominan yaitu  Ceratium furca, Cosmarium contractum, Denticula sp., Peridinium sp., Staurastrum subsaltan dan Stauratrum playfairii. Indeks keanekaragaman berkisar dari 0,507-2,004 dengan keanekaragaman tertinggi pada aliran masuk sungai Paninggahan (Stasiun IV) dan terendah pada aliran keluar Intake PLTA (Stasiun V) . Indeks equitabilias berkisar dari 0,176-0,658, dan indeks similaritas fitoplankton berkisar dari 25,92%-61,54%.
Pemurnian Bioetanol Hasil Fermentasi Nirah Nipah Menggunakan Proses Destilasi-Adsorpsi Menggunakan Adsorben CaO Villarul, Trya Nungky; Chairul, Chairul; Yenti, Silvia Reni
Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Wisuda Oktober Tahun 2017
Publisher : Jurnal Online Mahasiswa (JOM) Bidang Teknik dan Sains

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Abstract

The rapid rate of world population growth conduces demand and supply of fuel is not balance. So that, energy reserves has been depleted in large numbers. Especially fossil fuels which is a main energy. The government has compiled program and policy for development of bioethanol and biodiesel to resolve energy crisis in indonesia which targeted in 2025 can be approximately 15-20% fuels need to fulfill transportation sector and the national industry. This research aims to produce bioethanol fuel grade-adsorption using distillation methods, determine the effect of the ratio of CaO : bioethanol and height of the adsorbent in the column for producing bioethanol fuel grade. The raw material is bioethanol from nipa sap fermentation results with 13% ethanol content. Ethanol content obtained not too high previously, so that should be took a process that can be increase the purity of bioethanol with distillation process-adsorption. This research divided into two stages . First stage is nipa sap bioethanol distiled up to 96% concentration and second stage is distillation-adsorption using CaO adsorbent. Independent variables on this research is ratio of CaO : bioethanol and a particle size of adsorbent in the adsorption column. The most influence process to review bioethanol purification is distillation-adsorption CaO with ratio : bioethanol 1 : 2 and a particle size of adsorbent is 200 mesh cm with purity of 99,7% and had been categorized fuel grade bioethanol.Keywords: CaO, bioethanol, distilation- adsorption process, nypa
ANALISIS KOMPONEN KIMIA DAUN WATI {PIPER METHYSTICUM FORST. F) Agusta, Andria; Jamal, Yuliasri; Chairul, Chairul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 4, No 2&3 (1998)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v4i2&3.1276

Abstract

Wati(Piper methysticum Forst.f.)leaves has been used as narcotic in some parts of Irian Jaya since longtime ago. The GCMS analysis of wati leaves organic extracts(hexane,chloroform, methanol)has detected 48 components consisted alkanes,oxygenated hydrocarbons, fatty acid, steroids and alkaloids,including 5 major components, i.e. dihydro kawain,anisol p-undecyl, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-on, levulinic acid and one of unknown component.Forty-three other minor components will be discussed.
POTENSI SIFAT ANTIOKSIDAN PADA 10 JENIS EKSTRAK DARI FAMILI RUBIACEAE Marusin, Sofnie; Saefudin, Saefudin; Chairul, Chairul
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 9, No 1 (2013): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v9i1.150

Abstract

Famili Rubiaceae telah lama dikenal sebagai sumber tanaman obat Indonesia. Beberapa spesies seperti Coffea arabica,Morinda citrifolia, Chinchona succirubra telah digunakan sebagai obat rakyat sejak jaman dulu. Penelitian ini bertujuanuntuk mengetahui nilai peroksida dan aktivitas antioksidan pada 10 jenis ekstrak famili Rubiaceae yang lain.Nilai peroksida (POV) diukur menggunakan metode iodometri dan hasil pengukuran menunjukkan POV yang berbedanyata kulit kayu Anthocephalus macrophyllus (69,48), kulit kayu Wendlandia glabrata (67,86), kulit kayu Guettardaspeciosa (73,17) dan daun Paederia foetida (89,14). Aktivitas antioksidan diuji menggunakan metode tiosianat(FTC) pada empat jenis ekstrak yang berpotensi, yaitu kulit kayu A. macrophyllus, kulit kayu W. glabrata, kulit kayuG. speciosa dan daun P. foetida. Nilai absorbansi (A) dari masing-masing jenis adalah 0,294; 0,293; 0,365; dan 0,375,dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif (0,919) dan kontrol positif (0,31).Kata kunci: Rubiaceae, sifat antioksidan, POV, metode tiosianat (FTC)
Senyawa Naringenin 7, 3’, 4’ -Trimetil Eter dari Daun Tanaman Pacar Cina (Aglaia Odorata Lour) Kusrini, Dewi; Kosela, Soleh; Chairul, Chairul
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 2, No 2 (1999): Volume 2 Issue 2 Year 1999
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5339.871 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.2.2.67-72

Abstract

Senyawa Naringenin, 7, 3’, 4', - trimetil eter berhasil diisolasi dari fraksi n-heksana ekstrak daun Pacar cina. Senyawa tersebut diisolasi dengan cara kolom kromatografi (KK) dan kromatografi cair kinerja tinggi (KCKT) serta ditentukan struktur molekulnya dengan menggunakan metode spektroskopi.
Co-Authors ANDRIA AGUSTA Astrandana, Yudi Dewi Kusrini DEWI WULANSARI Dirgantara, Doni Ari Drastinawati Drastinawati, Drastinawati Emma Sri Kuncari Febriansyah, Beni Hendra, Alfino Izmiarti Izmiarti, Izmiarti Khoirul Amru Nst, Khoirul Amru Maria Peratenta S, Maria Peratenta Maria Peratenta Sembiring Marpaung, Masdalena Muh Wawan Junuansyah, Muh Wawan Muhammad Furqan, Muhammad Nuryanti, Lidya Rahmah, Yulia Rohaya, Rohaya Saefudin Saefudin Safitri, Nadira Said Zul Amraini Serly Marselina Arifin, Serly Marselina Silaban, Kardiman Silvia Reni Yenti Sitinjak, Jufri Suanto Sofnie M Chairul Sofnie Marusin Soleh Kosela Solfiyeni Solfiyeni Sri Budi Sulianti, Sri Budi Sri Rezeki Muria SYAIFUL BAHRI Syelvia Putri Utami Tri Murningsih, Tri Triani, Leni Villarul, Trya Nungky Wahyu Hidayat Wahyu, Pri Widodo, Prio Wulandari, Zarah Ayu Yasminto, Habib Maulana Yaumil Mutia Akhir, Yaumil Mutia Yelmida Azis Yuanita, Mira Yuliana Yuliana Yuliasri Jamal Zainul, Zuherti Zultiniar, Zultiniar