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Produktivitas Tenaga Kerja Pertanian dan Industri Pengolahan: Lesson Learned Pandemi Covid-19 Deltha Airuzsh Lubis
Jurnal Manajemen STIE Muhammadiyah Palopo Vol 7, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Lembaga Penerbitan dan Publikasi Ilmiah (LPPI) Universitas Muhammadiyah Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35906/jurman.v7i2.892

Abstract

Abstrak Produktivitas tenaga kerja merupakan salah satu agenda prioritas pemerintah dalam upaya meningkatkan daya saing nasional, khususnya di masa pandemi Covid-19 yang telah berefek ke berbagai aktivitas ekonomi di berbagai sektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi produktivitas tenaga kerja beradasrkan sektor pertanian dan industri pengolahan di Sumatera Utara periode sebelum dan saat pandemi Covid-19 dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Faktor penentunya diantaranya adalah dimensi kesehatan dengan proksi Angka Harapan Hidup (AHH), dimensi Pendidikan dengan proksi Rata-rata Lama Sekolah (RLS), pembangunan fisik dengan proksi Pembentukan Modal Tetap Bruto (PMTB), dan Upah Minimum Kabupaten/Kota (UMK). Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas tenaga kerja sektor pertanian tertinggi berada di Kota Sibolga dan produktivitas tenaga kerja sektor industri pengolahan berada di Kabupaten Labuhan Batu Selatan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi multivariat, RLS dan UMK memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian sedangkan variabel dummy kondisi pandemik berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Sementara itu, PMTB dan AHH tidak signifikan secara statistik pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja di sektor pertanian. RLS, PMTB, dan UMK berpengaruh positif terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja di sektor industri pengolahan sedangkan variabel dummy kondisi pandemi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan. Sementara itu, AHH tidak signifikan secara statistik pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja di sektor industri pengolahan di Sumatera Utara. Berdasarkan nilai eta square lambda sebesar 0,756 menunjukkan bahwa keragaman model dapat dijelaskan oleh variabel RLS, AHH, PMTB, UMK, dan variabel dummy kondisi pandemi sebesar 75,6 persen dan sisanya sebesar 24,4 persen dijelaskan oleh variabel lain di luar model.Kata Kunci: Agrikultur, Covid-19, Industri Pengolahan, Multivariat, Pandemi, Pertanian, Produktivitas, Sektoral, Tenaga Kerja.Abstract Labour productivity is one of the government's priority agendas to increase the nation's competitiveness, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic affects the limited activities of the general public in various sectors. This study aims to identify labor productivity by sector (Agriculture and Processing Industries) in Sumatera Utara before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyze the factors that influence it sectorally. The determination is made through the health dimension with the Life Expectancy (AHH) approach, the education dimension with the Average Length of School (RLS) education, physical capital with the Gross Fixed Capital Formation (PMTB) approach, and the Regency/City Minimum Wage (UMK). The identification results show that the highest agricultural labor productivity is in Sibolga City, for the processing industry business field is in Labuhan Batu Selatan. Based on multivariate regression analysis, RLS and UMK positively affect the productivity level of agricultural labor in Sumatera Utara, while pandemic conditions have a negative effect. Meanwhile, PMTB and AHH have no significant impact on the productivity level of agricultural labor in Sumatra Utara. RLS, PMTB, and UMK positively affect the productivity level of the manufacturing industry in Sumatera Utara, while pandemic conditions have a negative effect. Meanwhile, AHH has no significant impact on labor productivity in the manufacturing industry in Sumatra Utara. Based on the eta square lambda value of 0.756, the variability of the response model can be explained by the RLS, AHH, PMTB, UMK, and pandemic dummy variables by 75.6 percent. In comparison, the remaining 24.4 percent is explained by other predictor variables outside.Keywords: Agriculture, Covid-19, Labour, Manufacture, Multivariate, Pandemic, Productivity, Sectoral.
Segementasi Potential Entrepeneur Dan Aspek-Aspek Mempengaruhinya Di Indonesia: Pemanfaatan Data Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Deltha Airuzsh Lubis
Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis dan Organisasi (JUMBO) Vol 5, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Jumbo Vol. 5 No. 3
Publisher : Pascasarjana Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (504.031 KB) | DOI: 10.33772/jumbo.v5i3.21817

Abstract

Entrepreneurial activity is considered as one of the solutions in reducing the unemployment rate because it can absorb labor and encourage national economic development. Several Asian countries have experienced economic changes over the last three decades which were marked by an increase in the number of business activities and business output with the direction of achievement in line with the pace of economic growth. Meanwhile, novice business actors at the national level are still relatively low. Based on this, it is interesting to explore the segmentation of potential entrepreneurs and startups and the aspects that influence it by utilizing GEM data. The results showed that with the Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) method, people living on the island of Java with an age range of 35-44 years with the status of working at home, or working full time or part time, are likely to become potential entrepreneurs around 59.7%. The results of the logistic regression show that internal factors (career choice, business skills and knowledge, and fear of failure in entrepreneurship), and external factors (people around who are also entrepreneurs, the first opportunity to start a business, media showing business success stories, and respectable social status of business people) affects the increase in potential entrepreneurs.