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All Journal HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Zuriat BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Jurnal Agro JSDH Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology BERITA BIOLOGI JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Menara Perkebunan Jurnal Jamu Indonesia EKOTONIA: Jurnal Penelitian Biologi, Botani, Zoologi dan Mikrobiologi

Diah Ratnadewi

Department Of Biology, Faculty Of Mathematics And Natural Sciences, IPB University, Bogor 16680, Indonesia

Author-ID : 253482

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Veterinary Other

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INDUKSI BIAK KALUS DAN BIAK SUSPENSI SEL Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. [Induction of Callus Culture and Cell Suspension Culture of Aquilaria malaccensis Lam.] Leksonowati, Aryani; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; Ratnadewi, Diah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 16, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. is a plant species producing fragrant woody material that contains some resin. The compounds can be used as medicine and perfume. Sesquiterpenoid, one group of compounds has been found being synthesized and subsequently extracted from callus and cell suspension culture of Aquilaria species. The aim of this research was to find a method of producing friable calli and cell suspension cultures from leaves or internodes of A. malaccensis in vitro by using suitable plant growth regulators; cell suspension that will suitably serve as material to produce sesquiterpenoid afterwards. Calli were established in almost all treatments of auxin-cytokinin on both leaves and internod explants. The treatment of 10 mg/L IBA induced the highest percentage of callus coverage from leaves with a rather compact structure. The combined treatment of 1â2 mg/L 2.4-D and 0.2â0.3 mg/L BA induced friable callus formation in more than 80% of cultures with 27â32% callus coverage percentage. Â The use of 2,4-D induced a better formation of cell suspension than Picloram, with maximum volume up to 7 mL. Cell suspension culture with fine and homogenous aggregate could be established in the medium supplemented with 0.5 â1 mg/L 2,4-D.

Induksi Poliploidi pada Tanaman Talas (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) Kultivar Kaliurang dengan Perlakuan Kolkisin secara In Vitro Ermayanti, Tri Muji; Wijayanta, Ardian Nur; Ratnadewi, Diah
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 14, No 1 (2018): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

ABSTRACTGenetic modification to increase productivity and other better growth characteristics of Kaliurang taro could be done by various methods; one of them is polyploid induction. Kaliurang taro has performed excellent traits, it is resistant to leaf blight disease and pests. Polyploid plants of Kaliurang taro are expected to have excellent char-acteristics and increased productivity. The objective to this study was to obtain an efficient method through in vitro induction of polyploidy using colchicine on Kaliurang taro. Aseptic plantlets of Kaliurang taro were soaked in colchicine solution at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% for 1, 2 and 3 days. Control was untreated plantlets. Each treatment consisted of 12 replicates. The colchicine-treated plantlets were then planted on MS medium containing 2 mg/L BAP, 1 mg/L thiamine and 2 mg/L adenine. Survival rate and vegetative growth of plantlets were observed every week for 8 weeks after planting. The results showed that increasing colchicine concentra-tion and the soaking period produced planlets with various survival rate. Flowcytometric analysis indicated that the treatment of soaking the plantlets in 0.05% colchicine for 1 day resulted in 14.3% of tetraploid plantlets. The most efficient of colchicine treatment was 0.2% for 3 days, resulting in 57.1% tetraploids, with the efficient value of 33.3%. There was chromosome multiplication from diploid to tetraploid which was confirmed through both flowcytometric analysis and chromosomes counting.Keywords: Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.), Kaliurang, in vitro, flowcytometer, chromosome multiplication, tetraploids

INDUKSI POLIPLOIDI TANAMAN KANGKUNG (IPOMOEA AQUATICA FORSSK.) KULTIVAR SALINA IN VITRO DENGAN ORYZALIN Rahmi, Putri; Witjaksono, Witjaksono; ratnadewi, diah
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 1 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i1.3760

ABSTRACTWater spinach is a vegetable plant consumed by people all over the world. Its small morphology requires improvement to increase the size and productivity. An alternative way to do that is by increasing the ploidy of its chromosome. This paper describes in vitro induction of polyploidy of water spinach. Inoculum of in vitro seedling, in vitro shoots and nodal stem segments were immersed in MS solution containing oryzalin at concentrations of 0.00, 1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 µM with immersion duration of 4, 8 and 24 hours. Oryzalin treatments reduced the growth variables of the in vitro shoots of all inocula tested, compared to control of no oryzalin treatment. On immersion of 24 hours and high concentration of 5.00 µM, many inoculum failed to grow to the third passage of subculture. The best growth of in vitro shoot to the third passages occurred in the treatment combination of oryzalin 1.25 µM-8 h immersion and 2.50 µM-4 h immersion for seedling inoculum, treatment combination of 3.75 µM-4 h immersion for shoot tip inoculum and 1.25 µM-4 h immersion for nodal stem segment, compared to other treatments. Analysis of flow cytometry on 41 leaf samples from oryzalin treatment derived shoots showed 14.63% tetraploid, 36.59% mixoploid and 48.78% diploid. The efficiency of tetraploid formation reached 60%, provided only by the treatment of oryzalin 1.25 µM-8 h on seedling segments inoculum. Tetraploid shoots need to be proliferated, acclimatized, grown into planting materials and planted for agronomical analysis to provide evidence whether or not tetraploid water spinach is viable for commercial cultivation.

EVALUASI PERTUMBUHAN STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERT. TETRAPLOID SECARA IN VITRO DAN DI LAPANG UNTUK PRODUKSI STEVIOSIDA DAN REBAUDIOSIDA-A Adabiyah, Rifatul; Ratnadewi, Diah; Ermayanti, Tri Muji
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 15, No 2 (2019): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v15i2.3809

ABSTRACTGenetic improvement through tetraploid induction of Stevia rebaudiana is important in order to increase the sweetener content, steviol glycoside. Tetraploid plants of several species after induction with colchicine and oryzalin have higher growth and secondary metabolite contents compared to the diploid plants. This study was aimed to evaluate growth as well as their stevioside and Reb-A content of S. rebaudiana tetraploid and diploid (control) plants cultured in vitro and grown in the field after acclimation process. This study used 3 tetraploid clones, namely B60.3H8, P1T22, P3T5, and 1 diploid clone as control. Shoot tips were cultured on MS medium without addition of plant growth regulators for 6 weeks, then they were acclimated in a greenhouse, followed by planting them in the field. Growth of shoot culture, plantlets in the greenhouse and plants in the field were observed. Analysis of stevioside and Reb-A was done by HPLC. The results showed that plantlets of diploid clone had higher in vitro growth and survival rate in the greenhouse than that of tetraploids. Tetraploid clone P1T22 had similar growth as diploid plants, but higher than the growth of tetraploid B60.3H8 and P3T5. Fresh and dry weights of B60.3H8 was similar with diploid plants, but higher than P1T22 and P3T5 tetraploid clones. The highest level of stevioside and Rebaudiosida-A was found in tetraploid B60.3H8 clone, the lowest was found in the diploid plants. The highest ratio of stevioside : Reb-A was found at B60.3H8 tetraploid clone. Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, in vitro, field, growth, Stevioside, Rebaudioside-A, tetraploid

GFDD4-1 Gene Expression in Physcomitrella patens and Homologous Gene in Arabidopsis thaliana in Response to Abiotic Stress DIAH RATNADEWI; WOLFGANG FRANK
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 4 (2005): December 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

A number of abiotic stress responsive genes have been identified from various plant species through reverse genetic strategy. A group of genes are involved in plant responses to stress; they are activated by diverse stress conditions and through different mechanisms. One single gene can be induced by several different stress factors; on the other hand, a number of genes can be up-regulated by a single factor. In Physcomitrella patens, through Northern hybridization, the transcript level of the gene GFDD4-I was detected to be markedly increased by ABA, dehydration and cold, but not by salinity and osmotic stress. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a homologous gene to GFDD4-1 namely At2g47770, was confirmed to fulfill similar function as in P. patens: it is inducible by various abiotic stress treatments, i.e. ABA, dehydration, salinity, and cold. Inducible genes in response to abiotic stress factors may be responsible for plant tolerance to those factors.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.17.4.179

Cinchona alkaloids are in extensive uses, not only for drugs but also for soft drink industries. They are harvested from the bark of trees Cinchona spp. after certain ages and therefore are available over a limited time. Cell culture is an alternative way to continuously produce such secondary metabolites in a much shorter time. Various substances were added in the normal growth media to promote quinoline alkaloids production by cell cultures of Cinchona ledgeriana. At the sixth week of culture, quinine and cinchonine contents were suppressed by paclobutrazol (PBZ), abscisic acid (ABA), or even by precursor tryptophan, while cinchonidine content was enhanced by 0.2 mg/l tryptophan to 43 fold of that produced by untreated cells (2.8% dry weight). At the seventh week of culture, the production of quinine and quinidine started to grow whereas the production of cinchonine and cinchonidine tended to decrease. An addition of 5 mg/l PBZ to culture media yielded the highest level of total quinine/quinidine after seven weeks, e.g. quinine 11 times more abundant and quinidine 23 fold higher compared to the untreated cells. Particularly the level of quinine which is the most demanded for medical and industrial purposes still need to be improved to approach to or even higher than that of extracted from the conventional source.

Effect of Carbohydrate Source on Growth and Performance of In Vitro Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Plantlets . SUMARYONO; WIRDHATUL MUSLIHATIN; DIAH RATNADEWI
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 19 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Sago palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.), grown mostly in the tropics, is one of the most productive carbohydrate-producing crops. However, it is still underutilized. Tissue culture of sago through somatic embryogenesis has been developed. The plantlets derived from somatic embryos, however, are usually weak with few leaves and roots and have low survival rates during acclimatization. Carbohydrate is commonly added into culture medium as an energy source and an osmotic agent. Research was conducted to determine a suitable carbohydrate for plantlets growth in order to produce vigorous plantlets of sago. The basal medium used was a modified MS medium with a half-strength of salts. Different types of carbohydrate (sucrose, maltose, glucose, and fructose) at various concentrations (30, 45, and 60 g/l) were added into the medium. A single 2 cm plantlet derived from somatic embryo was cultured on a culture tube. Each treatment consisted of 15 plantlets. The cultures were incubated in a culture room with light intensity at 20 mmol/m2/s and temperature at 26 oC. The results show that different types and concentrations of carbohydrate influenced the growth of sago plantlets significantly, but there was no interaction between the two factors. Sucrose was better than other types of carbohydrate, and the concentration of 30 g/l was better than concentrations of 45 or 60 g/l for the growth and vigor of sago plantlets. Medium with a sucrose level at 30 g/l gave the best performance of sago plantlets based on plantlet height, leaf number, biomass fresh weight, stem diameter, and rooting percentage.

Localization of Alkaloid and Other Secondary Metabolites in Cinchona ledgeriana Moens: Anatomical and Histochemical Studies on Fresh Tissues and Cultured Cells Dian Rahma Pratiwi; Yohana Caecilia Sulistyaningsih; Diah Ratnadewi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020): January 2020
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Cinchona ledgeriana produces several secondary metabolites. The main quinoline alkaloid, quinine that is widely used as an antimalarial drug, is most commonly extracted from the bark of Cinchona, and its leaves contain several other metabolites. Many studies have revealed that cell culture of Cinchona also produces quinine. Nevertheless, the sites of secondary metabolites accumulation are still elusive. This study is aimed at describing specific anatomical structures where alkaloids and some other secondary metabolites are accumulated as well as their localization in leaves and barks of C. ledgeriana, compared to those found in cultured cells. Fresh leaves and barks, and cells of C. ledgeriana were used for anatomical observation and histochemical tests. It was found that these plant parts have specialized structures, idioblast cells with elliptical- and spherical-shapes, scattered in leaf hypodermis, stem cortex, and secondary phloem. Unspecialized structures such as epidermis and palisade mesophyll tissues were also found accumulating some metabolites. Histochemical tests showed that bark and leaves contained alkaloids, terpenoids, phenolic, and lipophilic compounds. Cultured cells presented positive results for alkaloids and terpenoids.

Aktivitas NADP(H) Oksidoreduktase pada Kultur Sel Kina (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) Terelisitasi Maulidiyah Utami; Diah Ratnadewi; Dyah Iswantini; Trivadila Trivadila
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 25 No. 4 (2020): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18343/jipi.25.4.540

Cinchona ledgeriana Moens is an industrial plant producing secondary metabolite quinoline alkaloids. To maintain and moreover, to increase the quinoline production especially quinine, in vitro culture system through cell culture could be a potential alternative. If the use of elicitor in cell culture can increase the production of a secondary metabolite, the activity of the enzymes involved in the biosynthetic pathway of the secondary metabolite in question might be increasing. This study aimed to examine the activity of NADPH oxidoreductase in the elicitated cell culture of C. ledgeriana and to evaluate the correlation between the activity of this enzyme and the level of quinine production. The cell cultures of Cinchona were treated with abscisic acid (ABA) or paclobutrazol (PBZ), combined with sucrose, sorbitol, or mannitol in Wood Plant (WP) media, for 7 weeks on a shaker. The quinine concentration was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the enzyme activity was measured using fluorometry. The results showed that the highest enzyme activity was found in the P7M cells (PBZ 7 mg/L + mannitol 5.3 g/L + sucrose 20 g/L), followed by the A3S cells (ABA 3 mg/L + sorbitol 5.3 g/L + sucrose 20 g/L). These results correspond to their production level of the quinine alkaloids. The lowest enzyme activity was found in the cultures without elicitor. The increase of NADP(H) enzyme activity in the P7M and A3S treatments were 13.5 and 8.5%, respectively, compared to that in the control cells. Keywords: elicitation, fluorometry, NADP(H) oxidoreductase, quinoline alkaloid

OPTIMASI MEDIUM PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO TUNAS TALAS KALIURANG (Colocasia esculenta L.) DIPLOID DAN TETRAPLOID Khalisa Aini Sinaga; Dyah Retno Wulandari; Diah Ratnadewi
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Balai Bioteknologi, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT)

Optimation of In Vitro Shoot Proliferation Medium for Diploid and Tetraploid Kaliurang Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.) Taro cv. Kaliurang has a good taste and is tolerant to certain pests and diseases but its development is hampered by insufficient number of good quality plant materials. Quality improvement has been carried out through polyploidization. Shoot multiplication is an important step in micropropagation, which often needs specific formulation of culture medium. This study aimed to obtain an optimum formulation of in vitro shoot-inducing medium of taro cv. Kaliurang. Explants from one diploid and three tretraploid clones were subjected to six treatments of medium formulations with various concentrations of thiamine and adenine in BAP-containing MS media. Shoots were then rooted, followed by plantlet acclimatization. Ploidy level was measured using flow cytrometry. The rooting medium was ½ MS without growth hormones, whereas acclimatization medium was a mixture of sterile soil, husk, and cocopeat. The results showed that MS + 2 mg L-1 BAP + 4 mg L-1 thiamine + 2 mg L-1 adenine was the optimum medium with an average 3.45 shoots per explant. Plantlet acclimatization was successful with 99.1% survival. Flow cytometry measurement confirmed tetraploidy level of the regenerants from 3 tetraploid clones. Keywords: adenine, acclimatization, benzyl amino purine, shoot proliferation, thiamine ABSTRAK Talas Kaliurang memiliki rasa yang enak dan toleran terhadap hama dan penyakit tertentu, namun pengembangannya terkendala oleh ketercukupan benih bermutu. Upaya perbaikan mutu tanaman telah dilakukan sebelumnya melalui poliploidisasi. Perbanyakan tunas merupakan langkah penting, yang membutuhkan formula spesifik untuk media kultur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimasi medium perbanyakan tunas in vitro dari satu klon diploid dan tiga klon tetraploid, yang dikulturkan pada enam konsentrasi tiamin dan adenin dalam media MS yang mengandung BAP. Tunas kemudian diinduksi akar, lalu diaklimatisasi, dan pengukuran tingkat ploidi menggunakan flow cytometry. Media pengakaran adalah ½ MS tanpa ZPT, media aklimatisasi adalah campuran tanah steril, sekam dan kokopit. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa medium MS + 2 mg L-1 BAP + 4 mg L-1 tiamin + 2 mg L-1 adenin merupakan medium optimum dengan rata-rata 3,45 tunas per-eksplan. Hasil aklimatisasi menunjukkan bahwa 99,1% tanaman dapat bertahan hidup. Analisis ploidi dengan flow cytometry menunjukkan bahwa tanaman hasil regenerasi tunas talas Kaliurang tetraploid memiliki tingkat ploidi yang stabil.

Co-Authors . Suharyo . SUMARYONO . TRIVADILA Adabiyah, Rifatul Ai Nurhasanah Husnul Izzati Anggraini Barlian ARIS TJAHJOLEKSONO Aryani Leksonowati Atik Choirul Hidajah Christofora Hanny Widjaja Darius Rupa Dian Rahma Pratiwi Dorly Dorly Dyah Iswantini Dyah Retno Wulandari Efah FITRAMALA Elsa May Susanti ENDANG HADIPOENTYANTI Erwin Al Hafiizh Eva KHAERUNNISA Fitri Nur`Aeni Hadi SUNARSO Hari Basuki Notobroto Hayati MINARSIH Ika Dewi Ana Imron RIYADI Khalisa Aini Sinaga Leksonowati, Aryani Lilis Solihat Maulidiyah Utami Muhamad Ayi Pandu Perdana Nina Ratna Djuita Nur Amallia Nurmuliayanti Muis Rahmi, Putri Rifatul Adabiyah Rinny Saputri Rinny Saputri Rizka Musdalifah Amsar Soekisman Tjitrosoedirdjo Soekisman Tjitrosoedirdjo Soekisman Tjitrosoedirjo Sumaryono . Titiek Setyawati Titiek Setyawati Titiek Setyawati Tri Muji Ermayanti Tri Muji Ermayanti Tri Muji Ermayanti Triati Dewi Kencana Wungu Wijayanta, Ardian Nur WIRDHATUL MUSLIHATIN Witjaksono Witjaksono Witjaksono Witjaksono WOLFGANG FRANK Yohana Caecilia Sulistyaningsih Yustiny Andaliza Hasibuan Zainal Alim Mas’ud Zainal Alim Mas’ud

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