Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

KARAKTERISASI EDIBLE FILM BERBAHAN DASAR EKSTRAK KARAGENAN DARI RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii) Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Julianur, Syara Sofia
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 4, No 2 (2015): December 2015
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v4i2.4127

Extraction process of carrageenan doing at 2 hours with temperature 80-90Â°C using sodium hidroxide with variant consentration of sodium hydroxide is 0,55N; 0,75N; 0,95N; 1,2N; 1,4N. The edible film makes with raw material carrageenan with 2 blended material is carrageenan composite with beeswax and the plasticizer sorbitol, along carrageenan with plasticizer sorbitol. The optimal yield from extraction process of carrageenan ressult at consentration of sodium hydroxide 1,2 N with value 43,42%. Optimal sulphate content get ressult at consentration of sodium hydroxide 0,45 N with value 10,28%. Optimal water content get ressult at consentration of sodium hydroxide 0,9 N with value 8,47%. Identification from FTIR to showing group of ester sulphate at spectrum 1227,67 cm-1. The identification chains of glicoxide at spectrum 1067,17 cm-1, the identification of group function 3,6 anhydrogalactose at spectrum 931,04 cm-1, and for group function galactose 4-sulphate can identification kind of kappa-carrageenan at spectrum 848,19 cm-1. Result of this ressearch showing the edible film makes with from blanded carrageenan composite and beeswax has best characteristic is high tensile strength with value 1,0755 MPa, percent elongation with 257,738% and miscible with value 15,45%.

PEMUNGUTAN BRAZILIN DARI KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L) DENGAN METODE MASERASI DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK PEWARNAAN KAIN Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Riski, Ria Dwita
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 4, No 1 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Semarang State University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v4i1.3768

Pembuatan zat warna alami dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol dan aquades, variasi volume pelarut yang digunakan 75, 150, dan 250 ml. Variasi waktu perendaman 6, 12, 24, dan 48 jam. Serbuk zat warna alami Brazilin dianalisis dengan FTIR dan diaplikasikan pada kain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin lama waktu ekstraksi dan volume pelarut yang digunakan, maka rendemen yang dihasilkan semakin banyak. Rendemen serbuk brazilin maksimal sebesar 6,316% pada waktu ekstraksi 48 jam menggunakan volume pelarut etanol 250 ml. Gugus fungsi brazilin memiliki ikatan tertentu diantaranya C-H, O-H, C-O, C=O, C=C alkena. Adanya gugus fungsi âOH menunjukkan adanya senyawa brazilin. Serbuk brazilin diaplikasikan pada kain dengan teknik celup, zat pengikat seperti tawas, kapur, dan tunjung mempengaruhi kenampakan warna yang dihasilkan pada kain.Kata kunci : zat warna, ekstraksi, maserasi, brazilin, teknik celup.Â A production of natural dyes can be done by maceration method with using ethanol solvent and distilled water (aquadest), variations of solvent volumes which used were 75, 150, and 250 ml. Soaking times variations were 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Brazilin natural dye powder was analyzed by FTIR and applied to industry. The research results showed the longer of the extraction time and the volume of the used solvents, resulted in the higher yield. Yield of Brazilin powder maximum was 6.316% on the extraction time during 48 hours with using ethanol solvent of 250 ml. Functional groups of Brazilin have specific bond among CH, OH, CO, C = O, C = C alkenes. The existence of the functional groups -OH indicates the brazilin compound. Brazilin powder was applied to industry with dye techniques, binding agents such as alum, lime, and lotus (tunjung) which affected the appearance of the fabric color.Keyword : natural dyes, extraction, maceration, brazilin, dye technique.

ANALYSIS OF COAL TAR COMPOSITIONS PRODUCED FROM SUB-BITUMINOUS KALIMANTAN COAL TAR Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Damayanti, Astrilia
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 14, No 1 (2016): June 2016
Publisher : Unnes Journal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v14i1.7613

Coal tar is a liquid by-product of coal pyrolysis processes. This liquid oil mixture contains various kind of useful compounds such as benzoic aromatic compounds and phenolic compounds. These compounds are widely used as raw material for insecticides, dyes, medicines, perfumes, coloring matters, and many others. The coal tar was collected by pyrolysis process of coal obtained from PT Kaltim Prima Coal and Arutmin-Kalimantan. The experiments typically occurred at the atmospheric pressure in a laboratory furnace at temperatures ranging from 300 to 550oC with a heating rate of 10oC/min and a holding time of 1 hour at the pyrolysis temperature. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) was used to analyze the coal tar components. The obtained coal tar has the viscosity of 3.12 cp, the density of 2.78 g/cm3, the calorific value of 11,048.44 cal/g, and the molecular weight of 222.67. The analysis result showed that the coal tar contained more than 78 chemical compounds such as benzene, cresol, phenol, xylene, naphtalene, etc. The total phenolic compounds contained in coal tar is 33.25% (PT KPC) and 17.58% (Arutmin-Kalimantan). The total naphtalene compounds contained in coal tar is 14.15% (PT KPC) and 17.13% (ArutminKalimantan).

KARAKTERISASI EDIBLE FILM BERBAHAN DASAR EKSTRAK KARAGENAN DARI RUMPUT LAUT (Eucheuma cottonii) Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Julianur, Syara Sofia
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 4, No 2 (2015): December 2015
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v4i2.4127

Extraction process of carrageenan doing at 2 hours with temperature 80-90Â°C using sodium hidroxide with variant consentration of sodium hydroxide is 0,55N; 0,75N; 0,95N; 1,2N; 1,4N. The edible film makes with raw material carrageenan with 2 blended material is carrageenan composite with beeswax and the plasticizer sorbitol, along carrageenan with plasticizer sorbitol. The optimal yield from extraction process of carrageenan ressult at consentration of sodium hydroxide 1,2 N with value 43,42%. Optimal sulphate content get ressult at consentration of sodium hydroxide 0,45 N with value 10,28%. Optimal water content get ressult at consentration of sodium hydroxide 0,9 N with value 8,47%. Identification from FTIR to showing group of ester sulphate at spectrum 1227,67 cm-1. The identification chains of glicoxide at spectrum 1067,17 cm-1, the identification of group function 3,6 anhydrogalactose at spectrum 931,04 cm-1, and for group function galactose 4-sulphate can identification kind of kappa-carrageenan at spectrum 848,19 cm-1. Result of this ressearch showing the edible film makes with from blanded carrageenan composite and beeswax has best characteristic is high tensile strength with value 1,0755 MPa, percent elongation with 257,738% and miscible with value 15,45%.

PEMUNGUTAN BRAZILIN DARI KAYU SECANG (Caesalpinia sappan L) DENGAN METODE MASERASI DAN APLIKASINYA UNTUK PEWARNAAN KAIN Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Riski, Ria Dwita
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 4, No 1 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v4i1.3768

Pembuatan zat warna alami dilakukan dengan metode maserasi dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol dan aquades, variasi volume pelarut yang digunakan 75, 150, dan 250 ml. Variasi waktu perendaman 6, 12, 24, dan 48 jam. Serbuk zat warna alami Brazilin dianalisis dengan FTIR dan diaplikasikan pada kain. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin lama waktu ekstraksi dan volume pelarut yang digunakan, maka rendemen yang dihasilkan semakin banyak. Rendemen serbuk brazilin maksimal sebesar 6,316% pada waktu ekstraksi 48 jam menggunakan volume pelarut etanol 250 ml. Gugus fungsi brazilin memiliki ikatan tertentu diantaranya C-H, O-H, C-O, C=O, C=C alkena. Adanya gugus fungsi â€“OH menunjukkan adanya senyawa brazilin. Serbuk brazilin diaplikasikan pada kain dengan teknik celup, zat pengikat seperti tawas, kapur, dan tunjung mempengaruhi kenampakan warna yang dihasilkan pada kain.Kata kunci : zat warna, ekstraksi, maserasi, brazilin, teknik celup.Â A production of natural dyes can be done by maceration method with using ethanol solvent and distilled water (aquadest), variations of solvent volumes which used were 75, 150, and 250 ml. Soaking times variations were 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours. Brazilin natural dye powder was analyzed by FTIR and applied to industry. The research results showed the longer of the extraction time and the volume of the used solvents, resulted in the higher yield. Yield of Brazilin powder maximum was 6.316% on the extraction time during 48 hours with using ethanol solvent of 250 ml. Functional groups of Brazilin have specific bond among CH, OH, CO, C = O, C = C alkenes. The existence of the functional groups -OH indicates the brazilin compound. Brazilin powder was applied to industry with dye techniques, binding agents such as alum, lime, and lotus (tunjung) which affected the appearance of the fabric color.Keyword : natural dyes, extraction, maceration, brazilin, dye technique.

FRACTAL KINETICS ANALYSIS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF SAWDUST USING CELLULASE IN ETHANOL PRODUCTION Megawati, Megawati; Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Prasetiawan, Haniif; Hartanto, Dhoni; Khoiroh, Ianatul; Suwito, Slamet; Kuntoro, Kuntoro
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): December 2018 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v7i2.11398

Sawdust is one of the abundantly lignocellulosic materials in the world. Sawdust is considered promosing for ethanol production, because it contains mainly lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. The drying process was applied to pretreat sawdust to make its degradation process easier. Biodegradation of sawdust was conducted by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase. The volume of cellulase in the hydrolysis substrate was varied from 5 to 9% v/v. The sugar concentration produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of sawdust every 1 h was recorded as well as its fractal kinetics analysis. Fermentation using yeast in 5 days was also performed to convert sugar hydrolysate to ethanol. Optimal sugar concentration in hydrolysate obtained was about 0.15 mol/L with cellulase volume of 9% v/v and its ethanol concentration was about 0.059% v/v. Fractal kinetics models by Kopelman and Valjamae which can quantitatively describe enzymatic hydrolysis of sawdust using cellulase were used. However, the result of this study indicated that, at high enzyme volume (9% v/v), Valjamae model was more suitable than Kopelman. The fractal exponent value (h) was about 0.667 and the rate constants (k) were about 0.44, 0.53, and 0.58 1/h at the enzyme volume of 5, 7, and 9% v/v. Thus, it can be concluded that enzyme volumes significantly effect rate constants.

ANALYSIS OF COAL TAR COMPOSITIONS PRODUCED FROM SUB-BITUMINOUS KALIMANTAN COAL TAR Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Damayanti, Astrilia
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 14, No 1 (2016): June 2016
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v14i1.7613

Coal tar is a liquid by-product of coal pyrolysis processes. This liquid oil mixture contains various kind of useful compounds such as benzoic aromatic compounds and phenolic compounds. These compounds are widely used as raw material for insecticides, dyes, medicines, perfumes, coloring matters, and many others. The coal tar was collected by pyrolysis process of coal obtained from PT Kaltim Prima Coal and Arutmin-Kalimantan. The experiments typically occurred at the atmospheric pressure in a laboratory furnace at temperatures ranging from 300 to 550oC with a heating rate of 10oC/min and a holding time of 1 hour at the pyrolysis temperature. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS) was used to analyze the coal tar components. The obtained coal tar has the viscosity of 3.12 cp, the density of 2.78 g/cm3, the calorific value of 11,048.44 cal/g, and the molecular weight of 222.67. The analysis result showed that the coal tar contained more than 78 chemical compounds such as benzene, cresol, phenol, xylene, naphtalene, etc. The total phenolic compounds contained in coal tar is 33.25% (PT KPC) and 17.58% (Arutmin-Kalimantan). The total naphtalene compounds contained in coal tar is 14.15% (PT KPC) and 17.13% (ArutminKalimantan).

Improving the Quality of Bio-Oil Produced from Rice Husk Pyrolysis by Extraction of its Phenolic Compounds Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Chafidz, Achmad; Triwibowo, Bayu; Prasetiawan, Haniif; Cahyani, Novia Noor; Andriyani, Sinta
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 2 (2019): December 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i2.22530

Rice husk is an agricultural waste which contains 50% cellulose, 25%-30% lignin and 15%-20% silica. It can be used as raw material of bio-oil. Bio-oil is liquid which produced by pyrolysis process. Bio-oil can be produced from the rice husk at 773 and 873 K. The main component of Bio-oil from rice husk pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K is phenolic compounds about 47.98% and 62.65%, respectively. It causes corrosive, low heating value, high acidity, high viscosity and unstable that causing an engine damage. The presence of phenolic compound decreases the quality of bio-oil. Therefore, it needs a process such as liquid-liquid extraction to reduce the phenolic compound using 80% methanol and 80% chloroform as a solvent. The extract and raffinate phase were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The aim of this research determine the effect of temperature pyrolysis for the characterization of bio-oil, the stirring speed and the temperature of the extraction for the distribution coefficient and the yield of phenolic compound. The results showed that the characterization of bio-oil produced from rice husk pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K are densities 1,040 and 1,042 Kg/m3; viscosities 9.3488 and 9.5007 cSt; acid numbers 46.75 and 52.45 mg KOH/g; pH 2.5 and 3; flash points 426 and 423 K and heating values 3.229 and 3.339 MJ/kg, respectively. The highest distribution coefficient and yield were obtained at 323 K and a stirring speed of 250 rpm. The distribution coefficient of bio-oil produced by pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K is 1.504, and 1.528, respectively. The yields of bio-oil produced by pyrolysis at 773 and 873 K are 58.885%, and 48.429%, respectively.Ã‚Â Ã‚Â

Uji Efektivitas Natrium Fosfat sebagai Inhibitor pada Korosi Baja Tulangan Beton Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 7, No 2 (2004): Volume 7 Issue 2 Year 2004
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Baja tulangan merupakan penguat struktur beton bertulang sehingga selimut beton dapat berfungsi sebagai pelindung baja terhadap serangan korosi oleh lingkungan penggunaan. Lingkungan beton yang alkalis (pH=12-13) akan memberikan proteksi korosi yang sangat baik terhadap baja tulangan dengan membentuk selaput pasif yang terdiri dari senyawa-senyawa besi-oksida (Fe3O4/ï§-Fe2O3) atau hidroksida (FeOOH) di permukaan baja tulangan.Penetrasi gas CO2 dan ion klorida dari lingkungan penggunaan dapat menurunkan pH beton dan melarutkan selaput pasif secara setempat sehingga baja akan terkorosi dan menggagalkan pasivasi Natrium fosfat yang dikenal sebagai inhibitor pasivator untuk baja, telah diuji efektivitas inhibisinya dalam larutan Ca(OH)2 jenuh yang ditambah NaCl dan NaHCO3, mewakili lingkungan beton terkontaminasi, menggunakan metode EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy).Uji efektivitas inhibisi natrium fosfat menggunakan metode EIS dalam larutan pori beton artifisial terkontaminasi menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sebanyak 50 ppm mampu membentuk lapisan pelindung dengan efektivitas inhibisi mencapai 94,4 %.

Karakterisasi Bio-Oil dari Hasil Pirolisis terhadap Biomasa Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti; Astrilia Damayanti; Amalia Larasati
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2017: PROSIDING SNTKK
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The utilization of biomass as a source of new and renewable energy is being carried out. One of the technologies to convert biomass as an energy source is pyrolysis which is converting biomass into more valuable products, such as bio-oil. Bio-oil is a liquid which produced by steam condensation process from the pyrolysis of coconut shell. The composition of biomass such as hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin will be oxidized to phenol, alcohol, and acetate acid as the main content of the bio-oil. The experiments typically occurred at the atmospheric pressure in a laboratory furnace at temperatures ranging from 300 to 550oC with a heating rate of 10oC/min and a holding time of 1 hour at the pyrolysis temperature. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to analyze the bio-oil components. The obtained bio-oil has the viscosity of 1.185 cp (coconut husk), 1.133 cp (coffee husk), 1,094 cp (sawdust); the density of 1.008 g/cm3 (coconut husk), 0.994 g/cm3 (coffee husk), 0.98 g/cm3 (sawdust);the caloric value of 3500kcal/kg (coconut husk),4200 kcal/kg (coffee husk), 1500 kcal/kg (sawdust); and the moisture content of 16% (coconut husk),31% (coffee husk),13% (sawdust). The analysis of GC-MS result showed that the bio-oil from coconut husk contained ethyl ester (37.60%), phenol (40.01%); bio-oil from coffee husk contained acetic acid (26%), phenol (34%); and bio-oil from sawdust contained acetaldehyde (26.15%), acetic acid (20.90%).

Title

Found 15 Documents
Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 15 Documents Search

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 15 Documents
Search