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ANALISIS VEGETASI GULMA PADA BEBERAPA KELAS UMUR ACACIA MANGIUM WILLD. DI HUTAN TANAMAN INDUSTRI (HTI) Widya Purnama Sari; Ardi Ardi; Siska Efendi
Jurnal Hutan Tropis Vol 8, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Hutan Tropis Vol 8 No 2 edisi Juli 2020
Publisher : Lambung Mangkurat University-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (542.09 KB) | DOI: 10.20527/jht.v8i2.9048

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This study was conducted to determine the composition of weed vegetation in Acacia mangium plants and to see differences in the composition of weed vegetation in several age classes of Acacia mangium plants in industrial plantations (HTI). This research was conducted in June to August 2018 in the industrial plantation of PT. Bukit Raya Mudisa (BRM) main road Km 13.7, Jorong Lubuk Mansagu, Kenagarian Koto Nan IV Di Bawah, Sub-district IX Koto, Regency Dharmasraya, Province of West Sumatra. The method used in this research is survey method by laying out the plot by purposive sampling in A. mangium gardens that are 2, 3 and 4 years old. At each age of the plant 2 observation plots were made measuring 40m × 40m in the plot. There were observational sub-plots measuring 1m ×1m in 10 plots of observation on a diagonal line with a total of 60 plots of observation. Based on the results of the analysis, there were 15 species belonging to 10 families. The number of weed species found in class 2, 3 and 4 respectively were 11, 9 and 11 species. The family of weeds that have the most species is the family Poaceae. Weeds are dominant under A. mangim plantations age 2, namely A. gangetica (38.26%), P. crinitum (14.81%) and I. cylindica (14.37%), almost the same as weeds under A.mangium plantations age 3 years namely A. gangetica (31.54%), A. compressus (20.49%), A.sessilis (19.50%), and P. crinitum (14.41%). The dominant age of 4 years weeds are A.gangetica (43.11%), A. sessilis (15.50%), and P. crinitum (15.36%). Weeds that dominate the A.mangium plantations are included in the group of broad-leaved weeds, so weed control is recommended in A. mangium plantations against broadleaf weeds.
Vegetation analysis and the effectiveness of methyl metsulfuron herbicide to control weeds in immature oil palm plantation Asma Pani; Ardi; Siska Efendi
CELEBES Agricultural Vol. 2 No. 2 (2022): CELEBES Agricultural
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture, Tompotika Luwuk University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (537.723 KB) | DOI: 10.52045/jca.v2i2.280

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One of the obstacles faced in oil palm cultivation, especially in the immature plant phase, is weeds, weeds can inhibit oil palm growth. So that weeds require special attention during cultivation, the presence of these weeds will become competitors for oil palm plants in fulfilling nutrients, light and water. This study aims to determine the composition of the types and vegetation structure of weeds in immature oil palm plants in large plantations so that the dose of herbicide with active ingredient Methyl Metsulfuron 20% is effective in controlling weeds in immature oil palm plantations in large plantations and studying the phytotoxicity of herbicides made from 20% active Methyl Metsulfuron in immature oil palm trees in large plantations. This study used a randomized block design (RBD), which consisted of 7 levels of treatment, 5 of which used the herbicide methyl metsulfuron 20% at a dose of 87.50 g / ha, 75.00 g / ha, 62.50 g / ha, 50.00 g / ha, 37.50 g / ha. ha and 2 including mechanical and control weeding which is repeated 4 times. Data analysis was performed with the F test, followed by the DMRT test at 5% level. The results showed that there were two species of weeds that dominated the research area, namely B. mutica and A. gangetica weeds with SDR values of 33.13% and 24.73%. The application of herbicides made from 20% methyl metsulfuron as active ingredients in controlling weeds in immature oil palm plantations is able to control 2 types of weeds, namely weeds including Melastoma malabathricum, Clidemia hirta with the best dose of 50.00 g / ha and 37.50 g / ha from the first 4 weeks up to 12 Weeks After Application (MSA).
Efektivitas tanaman barier terhadap kelimpahan serangga penyerbuk dan pengaruhnya terhadap hasil cabai rawit Mihwan Sataral; Muh Saifal Haq; Zaedar A.Dg Masese; Siska Efendi

Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Yudharta Pasuruan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35891/agx.v13i2.2860

Abstract

Introduction: The availability of food sources influences the abundance of insect pollinators. The interaction between plants and insect pollinators is a symbiotic mutualism. In addition, the use of a plant barrier could attract insect pollinators in foraging activities. The study aimed to determine the effect of plant barrier on the abundance of insect pollinators and the yield of chili pepper. This research was carried out on agricultural land in Lumpoknyo village, North Luwuk, Banggai Regency, in July - December 2020. Methods: The research was carried out using a randomized block design, and four treatments, namely chili plants without barriers and covered with nets (P0 or control), eggplant plant barriers (P1), plant barriers with Zinnia sp and Cosmos caudatus (P2), and tomato plant barrier (P3). Observations were made every day at the time of flowering for 14 days. Sample collection of insect pollinators is done by taking insects that visit chili flowers using a sweep net. Results: Three species of insect pollinators were collected, namely Bembecinius sp, Ceratina sp, and Nomia sp. 730 individuals were found on eggplant barriers, 660 individuals on Zinnia sp and Cosmos caudatus barriers and 592 on tomato barriers. The highest individual is Ceratina sp (810 individuals), followed by Nomia sp. (799 individuals), and Bembecinius sp (373 individuals). Chili pepper cultivation using eggplant barrier yielded 4,93 kg/plot, Zinnia sp and Cosmos caudatus barriers 3,96 kg/plot, tomato barrier 3,62 kg/plot, and the lowest yield was shown in chili pepper fields covered with insect nets. of 2,00 kg/plot. Conclusion: The barrier system using eggplant is considered effective for increasing the abundance of insect pollinators and the yield of chili pepper.
DIVERSITY OF PREDATOR AND PARASITOIDS INSECTS ON SEVERAL TYPES OF OIL PALM PLANTATION ECOSYSTEMS Denal Putra Melketa; Benni Satria; Siska Efendi
Jurnal Riset Perkebunan Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP)
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrp.3.2.66-76.2022

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Both oil palm plantations boerdering forests and oil palm plantations bordering rubber plantations were studied using purposive random sampling with pit fall traps, sweep nets and yellow pan traps. Species biodiversity was analyzed using the Shanon-Wienner index and the Simpson index. The dominant species was determined using the Important Value Index. This study found 1,683 individuals, 7 orders and 18 families of predatory and parasitoid insects. The Shanon-Wienner diversity index was 2.78 for oil palm plantations adjacent to forest and 2.62 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber plantations. While the Simpson diversity index was 1.00 for oil palm plantations adjacent to forest and 0.94 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber plantations. The Order Hymenoptera Family Formicidae had the highest Important Value Index (0.58 for oil palm plantations bordering forest and 0.62 for oil palm plantations adjacent to rubber plantations).
KEANEKARAGAMAN SEMUT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) PADA EKOSISTEM KELAPA SAWIT YANG DITANAMI LEGUME COVER CROP (LCC) Mucuna bracteata Siska Efendi; Aditya Nurul Afifah; Irfan Suliansyah
Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia Vol 8 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Hijau Cendekia
Publisher : Universitas Islam Kadiri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32503/hijau.v8i1.3235

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Legume Cover Crop (LCC) yang banyak ditanam pada perkebunan kelapa sawit adalah Mucuna bracteata. M. bracteata dapat mempengaruhi faktor biotik dan abiotik tanah seperti suhu dan kelembaban tanah, perubahan faktor fisik tersebut diduga akan mempengaruhi beberapa organisme yang terdapat pada ekosistem perkebunan kelapa sawit terutama organisme tanah yang salah satunya adalah semut. Semut memiliki beberapa peranan diantaranya adalah sebagai penyerbuk, predator, pengurai dan herbivora. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman semut pada ekosistem kelapa sawit yang memiliki LCC M. bracteata. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan perkebunan kelapa sawit PT. Sumbar Andalas Kencana (SAK) yang terletak di Kecamatan Padang Laweh, Kabupaten Dharmasraya, Sumatera Barat pada bulan Desember 2018 sampai Februari 2019. Pengambilan sampel pada tiap-tiap lahan menggunakan Hand Collecting, Pitfall Trap, dan Bait Trap. Data pengamatan berupa indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner, indeks kemerataan Simpson, indeks Dominansi Simpson, dan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP). Total semut yang dikoleksi selama penelitian sebanyak 4.295 individu terdiri dari 10 genus dan 14 spesies. Kebun yang paling banyak jumlah spesies semut adalah kebun yang ditanami mucuna yakni dengan total 12 spesies dan 1.811 individu.
Ant Community Structure in Palm Oil Plantation Bordering Secondary Forest Arlen Hasan; siska efendi; Yaherwandi Yaherwandi; Awaluddin Awaluddin
JURNAL AGRONOMI TANAMAN TROPIKA (JUATIKA) Vol 5 No 1 (2023): Vol 5 No 1 (2023): Jurnal Agronomi Tanaman Tropika (JUATIKA)
Publisher : LPPM UNIVERSITAS ISLAM KUANTAN SINGINGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36378/juatika.v5i1.2686

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Deforestation or functional change from forest to non-forest plays a role in changing ecosystems and species within it. Insects as one of the faunas in it is an interesting aspect to be studied, especially ants. The research was conducted in Nagari Gunung Selasih and Sungai Kambut, Pulau Punjung District, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra from November 2017 to January 2018. This study aims to determine the diversity of ants in the palm oil plantation ecosystem bordering the forest ecosystem. This research takes the form of a survey where the Purposive Random Sampling method was used for points sampling. Hand Collecting, Bait Trap, and Pitfall Trap sampling methods were applied for each plant. Identification of the samples obtained was carried out at the Animal Taxonomy Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang. Total ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) collected during the study were 3,046 individuals consisting of 5 subfamilies, 15 genera, and 29 species. The most dominant species was Anoplolepis graciliphes, followed by Odontoponera denticulate and Odontomachus simillimus. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the level of abundance and diversity of ant species is not directly affected by the distance from the forest ecosystem, but it is strongly influenced by the composition of environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, altitude, and management of existing habitats and vegetation.
PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI DALAM PENANGKARAN BIBIT KARET BER-Trichoderma sp SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGENDALIAN PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH Dewi Rezki; Siska Efendi; Ade Noverta; Edwin Edwin; Yulistriani Yulistriani; Wulan Kumala
MADANI: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Vol 4 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : LPPM UPN Veteran Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (249.822 KB) | DOI: 10.53834/mdn.v4i2.506

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Abstract The lecturers and community-based science and technology service activities are carried out as an effort  to control white root fungal disease caused by Rigidiporus microporus or Rigidoporus lignosus which is difficult to control by farmers because it attacks the root system of rubber plants. One effort that can be done to control this JAP disease is the application of Trichoderma sp in the nursery of rubber plants, so that the rubber seedlings that will be planted fries have been protected by Trichoderma sp. The partner in this service activity is the True Nursery Breeder farmer group which is a group of rubber seed breeder farmers. Farmers are trained to be able to propagate Trichoderma sp and utilize agricultural waste into compost using Trichoderma sp as a decomposer. This activity was held in Kenagarian Sungai Dareh, Pulau Punjung District, Dharmasraya Regency. The result of this activity is that the farmers succeeded in propagating Trichoderma sp using bran as a growing medium, farmers have also made compost from agricultural waste around their environment. After isolating the soil of rubber seed media that has been applied Trichoderma sp, it is known that Trichoderma sp successfully grows well in the soil media and the root system of rubber seedlings. Thus, farmers have been able to do nurseries usingTrichoderma sp as an initial effort to overcome the attacks of white root fungus. Rubber seeds with Trichoderma sp, compost and Trichoderma sp produced by the True Nursery breeders have been marketed to farmers and the community around Kenagarian Sungai Dareh, so that this activity can help improve the welfare of farmers. 
Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE) POLINATOR KELAPA SAWIT: MORFOMETRIK, KELIMPAHAN POPULASI DAN FREKUENSI KUNJUNGAN Siska Efendi
MEDIAGRO Vol 19, No 1 (2023): MEDIAGRO
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31942/mediagro.v19i1.7829

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Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Polinator Kelapa Sawit: Morfometrik, Kelimpahan Populasi dan Frekuensi Kunjungan. Thrips hawaiiensis Morgan memiliki peran ganda (double agent) sebagai polinator yang cukup penting pada Tanaman Kelapa Sawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai Juli 2018. Bertujuan untuk mempelajari morfometrik, kelimpahan populasi dan frekuensi kunjungan T. hawaiiensis pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Kebun Plasma Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP) Provinsi Sumatera Barat Kenagarian Gunung Medan, Kecamatan Sitiung, Kabupaten Dharmasraya. Penelitian ini berbentuk survei penentuan tanaman sampel menggunakan metode Purposive Random Sampling. Lokasi pengamatan adalah perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan luas 6 Ha, berumur 5 tahun varietas DxP Simalungun. Pada lokasi tersebut ditentukan tanaman sampel sebanyak 11 batang kelapa sawit yang sedang berbunga. Terdiri dari 6 bunga betina reseptif dan 5 bunga jantan yang sedang anthesis. Pengambilan sampel pada bunga betina menggunakan yellow sticky trap. Pengambilan sampel pada bunga jantan dilakukan dengan koleksi langsung, serangga contoh yang sudah dikoleksi dipindahkan ke dalam botol koleksi kemudian kelimpahan serangga contoh dihitung pada UPT. Laboratorium Dasar dan Sentral Universitas Andalas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan T. hawaiiensis tertinggi terdapat pada bulan Juli yakni 824,87 individu pertandan dan frekuensi kunjungan tertinggi pada bulan Juli yakni 17,67. Kunjungan tertinggi pada periode waktu terdapat pada pagi hari. Korelasi antara kelimpahan T. hawaiiensis dengan E. kamerunicus juga menunjukkan hasil yang sinergis.
INVENTARISASI DAN PETA SEBARAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT PADA EMPAT KOMODITI UNGGULAN PERKEBUNAN DI KABUPATEN BUTON, PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA Awa luddin; Muhammad Botek; Marsuki Iswandi; Siska Efendi
Jurnal Riset Perkebunan Vol. 4 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Riset Perkebunan (JRP)
Publisher : Jurusan Budidaya Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jrp.4.1.1-13.2023

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Information on the type of OPT that attacks plantation commodities in Buton Regency is incomplete, even though the data can be the basis for mitigating attacks and controls if the plants have been attacked. For this reason, research was conducted to identify the type and distribution of pests in plantation crops, especially in cocoa, cloves, cashew, pepper, and coconut commodities. They analyzed the damage caused by OPT in plantation crops, especially in cocoa, cloves, cashews, pepper, and coconut commodities, and determined alternative solutions for control and prevention. Observations were made in several villages in several sub-districts in Buton Regency. Direct observations were made on the specified land, and interviews with farmers and various related parties were conducted. To get OPT-type data and damage levels. OPT that attacks cashew consists of two types of pests and one disease. The level of damage OPT in the categorized category of guava plants. The level of damage to the pest on the categorized cashew was low. In coconut commodities, found OPT from three types of pest groups, namely Orycter Rhynocheros, Aspidiotus Destructors, and Pestalotia sp. The level of attack of the three pests was categorized as low. Cocoa was the commodity mainly attacked by OPT, consisting of 4 types of pests and four types of diseases. Fruit rot (Phytophthora palmivora) and stem cancer (Phytophthora palmivora) had a heavy attack rate in all cocoa-producing districts in Buton Regency.
Keanekaragaman dan Morfologi Semut Yang Berasosiasi Dengan Kutu Tempurung Pada Karet di Pembibitan siska chiko efendi; elza dwi pertiwi; Nalwida Rozen
Majalah Ilmiah Biologi BIOSFERA: A Scientific Journal Vol 38, No 3 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.mib.2021.38.3.1275

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Tanaman karet merupakan sumber utama bahan karet alam dan komoditas perkebunan yang mempunyai peran penting di Indonesia. Hampir 20.000 Ha perkebunan karet di Indonesia sudah berumur lebih dari 30 tahun. Proses replanting perkebunan tua dengan menggunakan beberapa klon unggul yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan produksi karet, disisi lain menimbulkan permasalahan baru yakni tingginya serangan hama dan penyakit. Salah satu hama yang menyerang adalah hama kutu tempurung. Kutu tempurung merupakan hama dari golongan serangga ordo Hemiptera dan famili Coccidae. Kutu tempurung menjadi hama yang lebih berbahaya dengan kehadiran semut. Beberapa spesies semut memiliki hubungan simbiosis dengan kutu tempurung. Untuk mengetahui spesies semut maka dilakukan penelitian keanekaragaman dan morfologi semut yang berasosiasi dengan kutu tempurung pada tanaman karet di pembibitan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan april sampai bulan Juni 2018 di Nagari Sungai Dareh dan Kurnia Selatan. Lokasi pengamatan berupa pembibitan karet dengan klon PB 260 yang berumur 5 bulan. Pada hamparan pembibitan dipilih 3 blok dengan jumlah bibit 300 batang. Pada blok yang sudah ditentukan dipilih tanamn sampel secara langsung. Penentuan tanaman sampel digunakan untuk mengoleksi semut yang berasosiasi dengan kutu tempurung. Berdasarkan pengamatan semut yang terkoleksi sebaanyak 5 subfamili dan 13 spesies. Kelimpahan semut yang paling banyak berasosiasi dengan kutu tempurung yakni D. affinis (1018) dengan indeks keanekaragaman (0.18), indeks kemerataan (0.07) dan indeks nilai penting (0.98). Selain itu diketahui terdapat hubungan antara kelimpahan semut dengan kelimpahan kutu tempurung pada tanaman karet di pembibitan.