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Stabilitas Hasil Tiga Klon Kopi Robusta Bengkulu sebagai Klon Unggul Lokal Enny Randriani; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n3.2015.p159-168

Abstract

The population of Robusta coffee in Bengkulu province were mostly old thus it need rejuvenation or rehabilitation.  Local clones of Robusta coffee, such as Sidodadi, Payung Hijau and Payung Kuning, have been cultivated for rehabilitation in Bengkulu Province at an altitude of >700 m above sea level (asl). This study aimed to analyze the yield stability of the three Robusta coffee clones at medium to high altitudes. The study was conducted from January to September 2015 in Curup Regency (670 m asl) and Kepahiang Regency (900 m and 1300 m asl), Bengkulu Province. The three tested Robusta coffee clones were 5 years old Sidodadi, Payung Hijau, and Payung Kuning,which propagated through plagiotropic grafting. Each experiment unit consisted of 5 plant samples and were obtained by randomized sampling with 5 replications respectively. The parameters observed were fresh weight of berry/plant, dry weight of beans/plant, fresh weight/berry, and dry weight/beans. The data analyzed using combined variance followed by yield stability test of Eberhart and Russell method. The results showed that Payung Hijau clone had the highest bean yield compared to the other two clones (Sidodadi and Payung kuning). The production of Payung Hijau clone reached 1.19 kg dry weight of bean/plant, 4.31 g fresh weight/berry, and 0.63 g dry weight/bean. Therefore, the Payung Hijau clone was potentially used as scions source for the coffee plantation rejuvenation or rehabilitation.
Keefektifan Pembenah Tanah, Pemupukan, dan Mikoriza untuk Pertumbuhan Tanaman Karet di Lahan Bekas Tambang Timah Rusli Rusli; Yulius Ferry; Bariot Hafif; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2016): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n3.2016.p175-184

Abstract

The use of post tin mining land for agricultural purpose is constrained by the coarse soil texture (sand), low C-organic, acid pH and low nutrient content which can be rehabilitated with soil ameliorant treatment. The research objective was to determine the best soil management of post tin mining land through the use of soil ameliorant, fertilizer, and mycorrhiza application for rubber plant growth. The research was conducted in Mandor District, Landak Regency, West Kalimantan, from 2014 until 2015. The experiment design was a split plots with 3 replications. The main plot was the use of ameliorant i.e M1 (16 kg of compost + 24 kg of quartz tailings), M2 (16 kg of clay soil + 24 kg of quartz tailings),  M3 (8 kg of compost + 8 kg of clay soil + 24 kg of quartz tailings), and control (without soil ameliorant). Subplot was fertilizer dosage i.e D1 (100% of the recommended doses), D2 (100% of the recommended doses + 100 g of mycorrhiza), D3 (125% of the recommended doses), D4 (125% of the recommended doses + 100 g of mycorrhiza). The study was conducted at altitude of  50 m asl, type A climate, annual rainfall at 2.600 mm, sandy soil (82.2%) with very low N (0.09%), very low K (0.08 cmol (+)/kg), and low P (9.24 ppm). Variables observed were the rubber plant growth (plant height, stem diameter, and number of leaves). Result showed that optimizing the rubber growth at post tin mining land needs soil ameliorants application such as compost and clay. Meanwhile, the optimal dose of fertilizer is 125% of the recommended dose plus 100 g of mycorrhiza.
Pengaruh Ukuran Biji terhadap Perkecambahan dan Pertumbuhan Benih Kopi Liberoid Meranti Iing Sobari; Nur Kholis Firdaus; Dibyo Pranowo; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 9, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v9n1.2022.p23-32

Abstract

Kopi Liberika (Coffea liberica Bull ex Hiern) tergolong kopi Liberoid yang memiliki ukuran buah lebih besar daripada kopi Arabika dan Robusta. Setiap jenis kopi Liberoid memiliki ukuran biji yang beragam dari yang berukuran kecil, sedang, hingga besar. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan informasi tentang ukuran benih yang optimal untuk perbanyakan kopi Liberoid secara generatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran klas benih terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih kopi Liberoid Meranti. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Pakuwon, Sukabumi, mulai bulan Januari sampai September 2021. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 tahap, yaitu tahap persemaian awal dan persemaian utama, dengan rancangannya masing-masing adalah rancangan petak terpisah yang diulang 5 kali. Sebagai petak utama adalah 2 jenis kopi Liberoid Meranti yaitu LIM 1 dan LIM 2, sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah 3 ukuran klas benih yaitu ukuran kecil, sedang, dan besar. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap proses perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas, pertumbuhan tinggi, dan diameter batang benih dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis kopi dengan ukuran benih, sedangkan panjang hipokotil dan panjang akar dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan ukuran benih. Untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan perbanyakan benih melalui biji, maka untuk kopi LIM 1 sebaiknya menggunakan benih yang berukuran sedang sampai besar (0,51-0,70 g/benih), sedangkan untuk LIM 2 sebaiknya menggunakan benih yang berukuan kecil (0,56-0,62 g/benih).
Pengaruh Periode dan Media Penyimpanan Entres terhadap Keberhasilan Okulasi Hijau dan Kandungan Air Entres pada Tanaman Karet Saefudin Saefudin; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n1.2015.p13-20

Abstract

Proper storage period and medium is essential in order to keep the scion of rubber plant in a good condition, so that the budding success rate can still be maintained as high as possible. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of storage periods and media of scion on the success level of green budding and its water content in the rubber plant. This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon experimental garden with altitude of 450 m above sea level, Latosol type of soil, and B type of climate according to the classification of Schmidt and Fergusson, from January to July 2014. Randomized complete block design in single factor with nine treatments and three replications was used in this study. The nine treatments used were: (1) storage of scion for 2 days without media, (2) Two days stored with moistened newsprint paper, (3) Two days stored with moistened sawdust media, (4) Two days stored with moistened cocopeat media, (5) Four days stored without media, (6) Four days stored with moistened newsprint paper, (7) Four days stored with moistened sawdust media, (8) 4 days stored with moistened cocopeat media, and (9) without storing/control (K). The results showed that the storage of rubber scion for 2-4 days can reduce the success level of green budding due to the decrease in water content of scion. In condition when scion had to be stored, it should be a maximum of 4 days by using moistened newspapers or sawdusts storage media. Both of the storage media can still maintain the water content of scion at about 94.8% and 93.9%, respectively, compared to the water content of scion without storage treatment.
Pemetaan Atribut Sensori Kopi Kobura Berdasarkan Perbedaan Cara Panen dan Pengolahan di Tingkat Petani Enny Randriani; Elsera Br Tarigan; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 8, No 3 (2021): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v8n3.2021.p109-120

Abstract

In general, Kobura coffee farmers in South Ogan Komering Ulu (OKU) harvest coffee with the criteria of red fruit and a mixture of red and green, while the processing method is a dry process. However, the sensory attributes of these activities are not yet known. This study aims to map the sensory qualities of Kobura coffee at the farmer level based on differences in harvesting and processing methods. The research was carried out in Banding Agung District, South OKU Regency, and the Coffee and Cocoa Bioindustry Laboratory, Balittri, Sukabumi, from March to December 2019. The design used was a completely randomized design with 3 treatment factors and two replications. The first factor was three clones of Kobura coffee (Kobura 1, 2, 3), the second factor was two harvesting methods (red and mix of red + green fruit), and the third factor is two processing methods (dry and wet). The variable observed were the sensory attributes analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance, principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and path analysis. The results showed that the harvesting and processing methods of Kobura coffee at the farmer level in South OKU did not significantly affect the sensory. Furthermore, each cluster's harvesting and processing methods were evenly distributed because the proportion between red and green fruit was not clearly identified in the mixed fruit harvest. Superior genetic and optimal altitude factors make Kobura coffee categorized into Fine Robusta with a final score of 81.13-85.75. The final score is directly and dominantly influenced by mouthfeel (body), flavor, overall, and fragrance, respectively.
Pengaruh Penyimpanan dan Pengemasan Batang Entres terhadap Keberhasilan Okulasi Hijau Tanaman Karet Saefudin Saefudin; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2016.p95-102

Abstract

Jarak yang jauh antara kebun entres dengan kebun produksi menyebabkan batang entres untuk okulasi hijau tanaman karet memerlukan proses penyimpanan dan pengangkutan. Oleh karena itu, teknologi penyimpanan dan pengemasan batang entres karet perlu diketahui. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh periode penyimpanan dan jenis pengemasan batang entres terhadap keberhasilan dan pertumbuhan okulasi hijau tanaman karet. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, mulai bulan Februari sampai Mei 2015. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah petak terpisah yang diulang 3 kali. Sebagai petak utama adalah 3 periode penyimpanan batang entres, yaitu 3, 4, dan 5 hari setelah panen. Sebagai anak petak adalah 4 teknik pengemasan batang entres: (1) kotak kayu dengan media 5 lapis kertas koran yang dibasahi dan batang entres tanpa kantong plastik, (2) kotak kayu dengan media serbuk gergaji yang dibasahi dan batang entres tanpa kantong plastik, (3) kotak kayu dengan media 5 lapis kertas koran dibasahi dan batang entres dibungkus kantong plastik, dan (4) kotak kayu dengan media serbuk gergaji dibasahi dan batang entres dibungkus kantong plastik. Peubah yang diamati adalah tingkat keberhasilan okulasi dan pertumbuhan tunas hasil okulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat keberhasilan serta pertumbuhan tunas okulasi hijau dari batang entres karet yang disimpan selama 4 hari tidak berbeda nyata dengan yang disimpan selama 3 hari. Teknik pengemasan paling baik adalah berupa kotak kayu dengan media 5 lapis kertas koran atau serbuk gergaji yang dibasahi dan batang entres dibungkus kantong plastik.
Keefektifan Bioinsektisida Berbasis Cendawan Entomopatogen Talaromyces pinophilus dan Minyak Nabati terhadap Hama Penggerek Buah Kopi Khaerati Khaerati; Gusti Indriati; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 7, No 2 (2020): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v7n2.2020.p93-108

Abstract

The coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), is one of the main pests that cause yield losses in coffee plants. This pest directly attacks the coffee berries, both immature and ripe. The entomopathogenic fungi is one of the potential biological agents for CBB, environmentally friendly and does not kill non-target organisms. The study was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory, Industrial and Beverage Crop Research Institute, from June to October 2018. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of bioinsecticide based on entomopathogenic fungus of Talaromyces pinophilus (EFTP) and vegetable oil on CBB. The completely randomized design with 31 treatments and 3 replications was used in this study. The 31th of treatments consisted of 9 formulas of bioinsecticide based on EFTP and vegetable oil, control-positive (bioinsecticide based on EFTP and water), and control- negative (Klorpirifos insecticide). Variables observed were the activities of EFTP enzyme, effectiveness of vegetable oil as a carrier material, mortality of CBB beetles, percentage of CBB attacks, percentage of hollow berries, and number of holes per 10 coffee berries. Results showed that the formula of bioinsecticide based on EFTP produce the chitinase and protease enzymes which were potential as biological agents to control CBB in vitro. Soybean oil is the most effective as a carrier material in formulating EFTP. The formula of S69MK30 and S79MK20 in concentration of 7.50% respectively have the highest potential as biological agents to control CBB. Other potential formula is S69MKT30 in concentration of 7.50%.
PENGARUH VARIETAS DAN TINGKAT KEMATANGAN BUAH TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN DAN FISIK BENIH KOPI ARABIKA Saefudin Saefudin; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 3 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n3.2013.p245-256

Abstract

One characteristic in determining the differences of fruit maturity levels in coffee is based on the difference in colour of epicarp or based on the ages of fruit that is calculated starting on a days after anthesis (HSA). In general, fruits in cherry level can result better germination than green level. This experiment was conducted at Pakuwon Experimental Station, Laboratory and Greenhouse of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, beginning from April until August 2013. The objectives of this study was to analyze the effect of varieties and fruit maturation stages on germinations and physical components of Arabica coffee seeds. The split plot design with three replications was used in this study. The main plot factors were four varieties of Arabica coffee i.e. Sigarar Utang, Kartika 1, S 795, and Kartika 2. While the split plot factors were four level of fruit maturation stages defined operationally by harvest fruit in cherry level (≈249 HSA), redish-yellow level (≈241 HSA), yellow level (≈233 HSA), and yellowish-green level (≈225 HSA). The results showed that the difference in coffee varieties and fruit maturation stages affect the germination speed of Arabica coffee seed. S 795 more faster to germinate than Sigarar Utang, Kartika 1, and Kartika 2. Similarly, fruit in the cherry level, redish-yellow, and yellow more faster to germinate than fruit in the yellowih-green level. Sigarar Utang has the highest in fresh weight of fruit and seed and dry weight of seed, and the lowest in seed water content, followed by S 795, Kartika 1, and Kartika 2. The germination success not only determined by seed physical quality components but is also influenced by environmental factors.
Pengaruh Dosis dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Biofungisida Trichoderma terhadap Infeksi Rigidoporus microporus pada Benih Karet Widi Amaria; Rita Harni; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n2.2018.p49-58

Abstract

Biological agents Trichoderma virens and T. amazonicum have been developed and examined for their effectiveness through in vitro and in vivo approaches against Rigidoporus microporus, the cause of white root disease (WRD) in rubber. The effectiveness of these bio-agents can be determined by testing the dosage and frequency of Trichoderma spp. biofungicide application. The research aimed to investigate the effective dose and application frequency of Trichoderma spp. biofungicide on R. microporus infection in rubber seedling. The experiment was conducted in laboratory and screen house of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), Sukabumi, from June to December 2014. A randomized block design was used with 14 treatments and 3 replications, i.e biofungicide combination (T. virens and T. amazonicum), dosage (25, 50, and 75 g), application frequencies (1 and 2 times application), and two controls (positive and negative). Rubber seedlings used were propellegitiem seeds of GT1 clone planted in polybags. Trichoderma spp. was multiplied using fermentation method in liquid medium, whereas biofungicide was formulated using talc as carrier. Observed variables including Trichoderma spp. population number, incubation period, attack intensity, and WRD attack suppression. The results showed that T. virens and T. amazonicum biofungicides with 50 g/plant dose at one application was the most effective and efficient in suppressing R. microporus development on rubber seedlings. The type, dosage, and frequencies of application increased Trichoderma spp. population in soil, prolonged the pathogen’s incubation period, decreased WRD attack intensity, and suppress the attack of WRD disease.
Keragaman Genetik Klon Kakao Lokal Sulawesi Tenggara Berdasarkan Marka SSR dan Karakter Morfologi Nur Kholilatul Izzah; Budi Martono; Baharuddin Baharuddin; Edi Wardiana
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 5, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v5n3.2018.p95-104

Abstract

Molecular and morphological characterization of cacao clones obtained from exploration in Southeast Sulawesi is very important to know their superiority and genetic relationships. Analysis of genetic diversity using molecular markers is also useful for detecting duplication found among collected clones. The research aimed to determine the genetic diversity of local cacao clones derived from Southeast Sulawesi based on SSR markers and morphological characters. The research was conducted at Cacao Research Sub-Station, Lebojaya Village, Konda Subdistrict, South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi, and Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute Sukabumi, and Molecular Biology Laboratory of Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development Bogor, from April to November 2015. Genetic diversity analysis was performed on 21 cacao clones covering 19 local clones and 2 national varieties using 22 SSR markers. The molecular characterization results showed that 11 markers are polymorphic, and subsequently used to group cacao clones using NTSYS program. The grouping results divided the cacao clones into 4 main groups at 0.46 genetic similarity values. Based on genetic distance values >0.7, 8 combinations of cacao clones can be selected as parental clones with the expectation to increase the effect of heterosis on progeny. On the other hand, result of morphological characterization generally indicated the diversity between the four cacao groups. Based on molecular and morphological characterization, it can be seen that cacao clones derived from Southeast Sulawesi have a high diversity and can be utilized in the development program of new improved varieties.
Co-Authors Baharuddin Baharuddin Bariot Hafif Budi Martono Cici Tresniawati Dani Dani DIBYO PRANOWO Elsera Br Tarigan Elsera Br Tarigan ENNY RANDRIANI Gusti Indriati Handi Supriadi Iing Sobari Ilham Nur Ardhi Wicaksono Indah Sulistyorini Khaerati Khaerati Khaerati Khaerati Nur Kholilatul Izzah Nur Kholilatul Izzah Nur Kholis Firdaus Rita Harni Rita Harni Rusli Rusli Saefudin Saefudin Sakiroh Sakiroh Santi Rosniawaty Sumadi Sumadi Widi Amaria Widi Amaria YULIUS FERRY