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Aris Hairmansis
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management

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Perakitan dan pengembangan varietas unggul baru padi ....... Hairmansis, Aris; ., Supartopo
Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian Vol 31, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : Pusat Perpustakaan dan Penyebaran Teknologi Pertanian

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Abstract

Rendaman air merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas utama peningkatan produksi padi di lahan rawan banjir. Perubahan iklim global yang menyebabkan meningkatnya frekuensi banjir di berbagai wilayah dapat mengancam stabilitas produksi beras nasional. Salah satu strategi adaptasi untuk mengurangi dampak tersebut adalah dengan menanam varietas toleran rendaman air. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, Badan Litbang Pertanian bekerja sama dengan Lembaga Penelitian Padi Internasional (IRRI) di Filipina mengembangkan varietas unggul padi yang toleran terhadap rendaman penuh. Dua varietas unggul baru padi berhasil dilepas, yaitu Inpara 4 dan Inpara 5 yang mampu tumbuh dan berproduksi dengan baik meskipun terendam air penuh sampai dua minggu pada fase vegetatif. Kedua varietas tersebut dirakit dengan metode silang-balik dengan bantuan penanda molekuler terhadap tetua berulang yang merupakan varietas padi yang sangat populer. Inpara 4 memiliki latar belakang genetik varietas Swarna yang populer di Asia Selatan dan Inpara 5 memiliki latar belakang genetik varietas IR64 yang populer di Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia. Rata-rata hasil gabah kedua varietas di daerah rawan banjir masing-masing adalah 4,69 dan 4,45 t/ha. Varietas Inpara 4 memiliki tekstur nasi pera, sedangkan Inpara 5 bertekstur pulen. Keduanya potensial untuk dikembangkan di daerah yang rawan terhadap rendaman akibat banjir, seperti lahan rawa lebak dangkal, lahan sawah bonorowo, dan lahan sawah di pesisir pantai.
CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS AND GRAIN YIELD OF RICE FOR TIDAL SWAMP AREAS Hairmansis, Aris; Kustianto, Bambang; Suwarno, Suwarno
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 11, No 1 (2010): April 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

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Abstract

Development of rice varieties for tidal swamp areas is emphasized on the improvement of rice yield potential in specific environment. However, grain yield is a complex trait and highly dependent on the other agronomic characters; while information related to the relationship between agronomic characters and grain yield in the breeding program particularly for tidal swamp areas is very limited. The objective of this study was to investigate relationship between agronomic characters and grain yield of rice as a basis for selection of high yielding rice varieties for tidal swamp areas. Agronomic characters and grain yield of nine advanced rice breeding lines and two rice varieties were evaluated in a series of experiments in tidal swamp areas, Karang Agung Ulu Village, Banyuasin, South Sumatra, for four cropping seasons in dry season (DS) 2005, wet season (WS) 2005/2006, DS 2006, and DS 2007. Result from path analysis revealed that the following characters had positive direct effect on grain yield, i.e. number of productive tillers per hill (p = 0.356), number of filled grains per panicle (p = 0.544), and spikelet fertility (p = 0.215). Plant height had negative direct effect (p = -0.332) on grain yield, while maturity, number of spikelets per panicle, and 1000-grain weight showed negligible effect on rice grain yield. Present study suggests that indirect selection of high yielding tidal swamp rice can be done by selecting breeding lines which have many product tive tillers, dense filled grains, and high spikelet fertility.
Co-Authors Bambang Kustianto Supartopo . Suwarno Suwarno