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Humic and Fulvic Acids of Gliricidia and Tithonia Composts for Aluminium Detoxification in an Ultisol Wahyudi, Imam; Handayanto, Eko; Sykehfani, Sykehfani; Utomo, Wani Hadi
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 32, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

A laboratory experiment was conducted to elucidate roles of Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia composts and their extracted humic and fulvic acids on aluminum concentration in an Ultisol. Those composts and humic and fulvic acids extracted from them mixed with soil were arranged in a complete randomized design with three replicates, and incubated for 90 days. Al concentration and pH of the soil were measured at 0, 3, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after incubation. Results of the study showed that the highest decrease in exchangeable Al concentration (90.5%) was observed for Tithonia fulvic acid treatment during 90 days, followed by Tithonia compost (88.4%), Gliricidia fulvic acid (82.3%), Gliricida compost (82.2%), Tithonia humic acid (75.66%), and Gliricidia humic acid (73.46%) treatments, whereas control only decreased exchangeable Al concentration by 0.9%. The rate of change in exchangeable Al concentration was fast for the first 45 days, but it then slowed down for the second 45 days (45-90 days). This was particularly observed with organic acid treatments, whereas compost treatment still showed a subsequent decrease. Patterns of Al chelate and pH were very similar to that of exchangeable Al. It was thus concluded that roles of humic and fulvic acids in reducing exchangeable Al was only short term, whereas compost played roles in the long term.Keywords: Ultisol, aluminium, humic acid, fulvic acid, gliricidia sepium, tithonia diversifolia

Isolation of Mercury-Resistant Endophytic and Rhizosphere Microorganisms from Grasses in Abandoned Gold Mining Area Reni Ustiatik; Yulia Nuraini; Suharjono; Eko Handayanto
Indonesian Journal of Agronomy Vol. 49 No. 1 (2021): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Terdapat sekitar 900 titik pertambangan emas skala kecil (PESK) di Indonesia yang memperoleh emas melalui teknik amalgamasi dan sianidasi. Teknik amalgamasi menyebabkan pencemaran merkuri (Hg) di tanah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pendahuluan (preliminary study) yang bertujuan untuk mengisolasi mikroorganisme endofit dan rhizosfer resisten Hg dari rumput pionir yang tumbuh di tanah yang tercemar Hg. Mikroorganisme paling berpotensi akan diaplikasikan pada fitoremediasi merkuri di penelitian selanjutnya. Sampel rumput pionir diambil dari lahan pertanian bekas kawasan pertambangan emas dengan teknik amalgamasi di Desa Bonjeruk, Kecamatan Jonggat, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Total mikroorganisme dihitung menggunakan Colony Forming Unit (CFU) atau Standard Plate Count. Koloni mikroorganisme dikarakterisasi berdasarkan ciri morfologi. Mikroorganisme endofit dan rizosfer yang resisten Hg berhasil diisolasi dari rumput pionir (Cynodon dactylon dan Eleusine indica) di lokasi penelitian. Koloni mikroorganisme rizosfer sangat beragam secara morfologi dibandingkan dengan mikroorganisme endofit berdasarkan jumlah mikroorganisme terisolasi, berturut-turut 20 isolat dan 17 isolat. Kepadatan mikroorganisme rizosfer lebih tinggi (96%) dibandingkan mikroorganisme endofit (4%). Kepadatan bakteri dan jamur rizosfer masing-masing adalah 47x103 dan 2x103 CFU g-1 sedangkan kepadatan bakteri endofit dan jamur masing-masing hanya 2x103 dan 1x103 CFU g-1.

FITOREMEDIASI LAHAN YANG MENGALAMI CEKAMAN LOGAM BERAT NIKEL DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TUMBUHAN ENDEMIK BELIMBING BAJO (Sarcotheca celebica Veldk) Naima Haruna; Tatik Wardiyati; Moch. Dawam Maghfoer; Eko Handayanto
Journal TABARO Agriculture Science Vol 2, No 2: DESEMBER 2018
Publisher : Universitas Andi Djemma Palopo

Areal bekas galian tambang Nikel di Sorowako dan sekitarnya termasuk lahan yang mengalami cekaman logam berat Nikel karena rata-rata masih mengandung Nikel lebih dari 5000 mg.kg-1. Keberadaan logam berat Ni dalam tanah tidak dapat hilang secara alami sehingga diperlukan upaya remediasi dan proses remediasi banyak dipilih karena dianggap ramah lingkungan adalah fitoremediasi. Salah satu jenis tumbuhan endemik yang berpotensi untuk proses fitoremediasi adalah belimbing bajo (Sarcotheca celebica Veldk.) karena tumbuhan liar ini toleran dan banyak tumbuh di sekitar lahan penambangan Nikel tanpa mengalami gangguan toksisitas. Kemampuan belimbing bajo untuk tumbuh normal pada lingkungan yang mengalami cekaman logam Nikel dapat disebabkan karena belimbing bajo mampu menyerap logam Nikel yang berlebihan dari lingkungannya dan mengakumulasi logam Nikel dalam organ tubuhnya. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui kemampuan tumbuhan belimbing bajo dalam menurunkan jumlah kandungan Nikel dalam tanah yang mengalami cekaman logam berat Nikel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode diskriptif yaitu mendeskripsikan hasil observasi terhadap pertumbuhan dan analisis kandungan Nikel pada tanah maupun jaringan tumbuhan belimbing bajo. Hasil analisis tanah menunjukkan bahwa kandungan Ni total tanah yang mengalami cekaman logam Ni menurun sebesar 70, 84% setelah media ditanami belimbing bajo selama 25 MST dan diberi pupuk NPK, sedang hasil analisis jaringan daun menunjukkan adanya logam Nikel yang terakumulasi pada daun sebesar 143,77% pada umur 12 MST. Disimpulkan bahwa belimbing bajo dapat menjadi salah satu tumbuhan endemik yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk remediasi logam berat Nikel dari lahan yang mengalami cekaman karena dapat menurunkan kandungan logam berat Ni.

Phytotoxicity of coal fly ash on plant growth and heavy metal uptake by plant in an acid soil Nisma Ula Shoumi Rahmawati; Novi Rahmawati Sutopo; Yulia Nuraini; Eko Handayanto
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 7, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2020.073.2233

Considering the content of various elements in coal fly ash (CFA), it has the potential to be used as an additional source of nutrients in the soil. However, the use of CFA for agriculture is still debated because CFA contains several metal elements. The purpose of this study was to study the CFA phytotoxicity to seed germination and metal uptake by plants on acid soil. The first experiment was the study of the effect of extracts of various CFA and soil mixtures (5% - 45% CFA) on the germination of mustard seeds. The second study was a CFA phytotoxicity test for plant growth and metal uptake by the mustard plant. Results of the first experiment showed that the application of CFA had no significant effect on mustard seed germination, but had a significant effect on radicle length. CFA application increased the uptake of Pb and Cu by plant along with the increase in the proportion of CFA in the CFA + soil mixture. The contents of Cu and Pb in the mustard plant due to CFA application up to 30% were still below the threshold levels of Cu (36 ppm) and Pb (2 ppm).

The possible use of coal fly ash and phosphate-solubilizing fungi for improving the availability of P and plant growth in acid soil Retno Wilujeng; Gusti Irya Ichriani; F Fahrunsyah; Yulia Nuraini; Eko Handayanto
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 8, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2020.081.2471

The availability of P in acid soils may be raised through the application of phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF). Coal fly ash (CFA) that has a high pH and contains a relatively high P may also be used to raise the availability of P in acid sois. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible use of CFA and PSF in a biochar-compost carrier to improve the availability of P and plant growth in acid soil. Combined applications of two PSF isolates (Aspergillus oryzae = F1, and Neosartorya fischeri = F2) carried in three levels of biochar-compost (80% biochar + 20% compost = B1, 70% biochar + 30% compost = B2, and 60% biochar + 40% compost =B3), and two doses of CFA (60 t/ha = C1, and 80 t/ha = C2) were tested in this study through two experiments. The results of experiment 1 (laboratory experiment) showed that the application of N. fischeri carried in 70% biochar + 30% compost combined with 80 t CFA/ha (F2B2C2 treatment) significantly increased the available P more than other treatments. In comparison with control, the increase of soil available P content ranged from 13% in the F1B1C1 treatment (A. oryzae in 80% biochar + 20% compost combined with 60 t CFA/ha) to 101% in the F2B2C2 treatment (N.fischeri in 70% biochar + 30% compost combined with 80 t CFA/ha). The results of experiment 2 (glasshouse experiment) showed that the highest dry weight of maize shoot was obtained by the F2B2C2 treatment that increased 123% compared to control. The highest P uptake by maize was obtained by the F2B2C2 treatment (N. fischeri in 70% biochar + 30% compost combined with 80 t CFA/ha).

Aluminum Detoxification by Humic Substance Extracted from Compost of Organic Wastes Sugeng Winarso; Eko Handayanto; Abdullah Taufiq
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 15, No 1: January 2010
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2010.v15i1.19-24

Aluminum Detoxification by Humic Substance Extracted from Compost of Organic Wastes (S Winarso, E Handayanto and A Taufiq): Humic substance could control the activity of metal as well as exchangeable aluminum (Alexch) on acid soil. The humic substance extracted from compost of agricultural waste is rarely conducted. The objective of research was to evaluate the effect of humic substance concentration and sources to pH and Al suspension. The research had been conducted in the Soil Laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Jember University from April to July 2009. The humic substance used in these researches was extracted from compost of rice straw (RS), soybean straw (SS), cassava starch solid waste (CSSW), and empty bunch of oil palm tree (EBOPT). The humic substance concentration treatments were 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 ppm. Result of the analysis showed that characteristic of humic substance was difference depending on the source material used. The humic substance extracted from SS contain total base cations (K, Na, Ca, Mg) higher (1.17%) compared with CSSW (1.07%), OPT (0.87%), and RS (0.69%). While the humic substances extracted from RS contain total organic acid (Acetic, Fumeric, cetoglutamic, Sucsinic, Propionic, Butiric, Ocsalic, and sitric acid) higher (157 ppm) compared with EBOPT (129 ppm), SS (115%), and CSSW (108%). Among these organic acids, acetic acid was highest concentration (> 34.51% of total acid). The addition of humic substance increased pH and decreased aluminum concentration of the suspension. The higher pH increment and Al concentration reduction took placed in the suspension treated with humic substance from SS compost. The correlation between decreasing Al concentration with humic substance concentration which explained chelation was higher (r = 0.97) than decreasing Al concentration with increasing pH which explained precipitation (r = 0.93). Based on these research results, it can be concluded that humic substance extracted from agricultural waste have a good prospect as a soil ameliorant to increase soil pH, detoxify soil aluminum, and increase soil P availability on acid soil.

Pengaruh Kombinasi Senyawa Humik dan CaCO3 terhadap Alumunium dan Fosfat Typic Paleudult Kentrong Banten Sugeng Winarso; Eko Handayanto; Syekhfani Syekhfani; Didik Sulistyanto
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol 14, No 2: May 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i2.89-95

Effect of Humic Compounds and CaCO3 Combination on Aluminium and Phosphate of Typic Paleudult Kentrong Banten (S. Winarso, E. Handayanto, Syekhfani and D. Sulistyanto): Decomposition of organic matter releases humic compounds, that can chelate metals include Al in acidic soils. This chelation of Al is important for decreasing of Al activity and P fixation in acidic soils. This study was aimed to test the effect of humic compounds extracted from rice-straw compost and CaCO3 combination on aluminium activity and phosphate (available P) on an Ultisol (Typic Paleudult) collected from Kentrong Banten. A laboratory study was conducted by series consentration of CaCO3 (0, 500, 1.000, 2.000, dan 3.000 ppm) in 8 grams of acidic soil. The acidic soil had previously been subjected to continuously addition of humic compounds and none. Then, these mix of soil and CaCO3 were added 40 ml contained 5.000 ppm humic compounds to obtain 1:5 soil:suspension ratio and control was made by using aquadest. They were shaked for 2 hours every day and pH was measured. At 11st days incubation Alexch (N KCl) and soluble of P (PB and PC) were measured. The results showed that liming or addition of CaCO3 to the acidic soils decreased Alexch (precipitated to be Al(OH)3) linearly with formula y = -0.778x + 6.108; y = Alexch (Cmol kg-1), x = CaCO3 (M); R² = 0,916. Combination addition of humic compounds and CaCO3 was able to increase pH and Alexch up to not detected. The increased of P-soluble or desorption P untill 384% took place at addition of 0.0016 M CaCO3 and 5000 ppm humic compounds. More desorption of P was observed if the acidic soils has previously been subjected to continuously addition of humic compounds, such us the increased of soluble P up to 739% at addition of CaCO3 0.0008 M.

Pemaduan Pseudomonas putida 27.4B dan Trichorderma sp. dalam Media Cair Senyawa Humik yang Diberi Zeolit untuk Mendapatkan Produk Multifungsi Ramah Lingkungan Sugeng WINARSO; Eko HANDAYANTO; SYEKHFANI .; Didik SULISTYANTO
Jurnal Pengendalian Hayati Vol 1 No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (360.893 KB)

Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas putida 27.4B) is effective in dissolving undissolve P;humik compound can decrease Al exchange in acid soil and can be used as microorganism liquidmedia; Zeolite can improve CEC and bases concentration; and Trichorderma sp. can control diseaseand increase crop yield. Therefore, aim of this research is to make product having multifunction bothenvironment friendly soil amandement (fertilizer) and biopesticide, combination Pseudomonas putida27.4B, humic compound, zeolite, and Trichorderma sp.Potetoes Dextro Agar (PDA) media used to see resistance and growth, continued humic compoundliquid media added zeolite. Research design is completele randomized design with three factor are: 1)Trichorderma sp. concentration are: 0 (control); 104 CFU.ml-1; 105 CFU.ml-1; dan 106 CFU.ml-1; 2)good combination obtained last research are: a). 1000 ppm humic compound; 0,1% zeolit; P. putida27.4B 1012 CFU.ml-1 and b). 5000 ppm humic compound; 0,1% zeolit; P. putida 27.4B 1012 CFU.ml-1; and 3) incubation time are: 2 and 4 weeks.Result of research indicate that combination Pseudomonas putida 27.4B and Trichorderma sp. inPDA media can grow together, with visually speed of Trichorderma sp. growth faster thanPseudomonas putida 27.4B. Pseudomonas putida 27.4B proven can live on, even very good, in humiccompound liquid media added zeolite and Trichorderma sp. Its best growth is at humic compoundconcentration 1000 ppm. Besides that is tendency of combination Pseudomonas putida 27.4B andTrichorderma sp. exactly can increase growth of Pseudomonas putida 27.4B both at humic compoundconcentration 1000 ppm and without addition of humic compound. While at humic compoundconcentration 5000 ppm, Trichorderma sp. inokulasi exactly decrease Pseudomonas putida 27.4B.

Humic and Fulvic Acids of Gliricidia and Tithonia Composts for Aluminium Detoxification in an Ultisol Imam Wahyudi; Eko Handayanto; Sykehfani Sykehfani; Wani Hadi Utomo
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 32, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v32i3.12

A laboratory experiment was conducted to elucidate roles of Gliricidia sepium and Tithonia diversifolia composts and their extracted humic and fulvic acids on aluminum concentration in an Ultisol. Those composts and humic and fulvic acids extracted from them mixed with soil were arranged in a complete randomized design with three replicates, and incubated for 90 days. Al concentration and pH of the soil were measured at 0, 3, 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after incubation. Results of the study showed that the highest decrease in exchangeable Al concentration (90.5%) was observed for Tithonia fulvic acid treatment during 90 days, followed by Tithonia compost (88.4%), Gliricidia fulvic acid (82.3%), Gliricida compost (82.2%), Tithonia humic acid (75.66%), and Gliricidia humic acid (73.46%) treatments, whereas control only decreased exchangeable Al concentration by 0.9%. The rate of change in exchangeable Al concentration was fast for the first 45 days, but it then slowed down for the second 45 days (45-90 days). This was particularly observed with organic acid treatments, whereas compost treatment still showed a subsequent decrease. Patterns of Al chelate and pH were very similar to that of exchangeable Al. It was thus concluded that roles of humic and fulvic acids in reducing exchangeable Al was only short term, whereas compost played roles in the long term.Keywords: Ultisol, aluminium, humic acid, fulvic acid, gliricidia sepium, tithonia diversifolia

KemampuanAkumulasi Merkuri oleh Bakteri yang Diisolasi dari Tailing Tambang Emas Skala Kecil Siska Nurfitriani; Umi Chasanah; Yulia Nuraini; Amrullah Fiqri; Eko Handayanto
Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal 2018: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal "Tantangan dan Solusi Pengembangan PAJALE dan Kela
Publisher : Pusat Unggulan Riset Pengembangan Lahan Suboptimal (PUR-PLSO) Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (713.094 KB)

Nurfitriani et al, 2019. Mercury Accumulation Ability of Bacteria Isolated from Small-Scale Gold Mine Tailing. pp. 366-375. Heavy metal pollution in the soil due to small-scale gold mining activities (ASGM) is responsible for 37% of mercury (Hg) pollution to the environment in the form of tailings . This pollution causes mercury enrichment in agricultural land and crops above the safe limits. This study aimed to isolate heterotrophic bacteria which can accumulate mercury from small-scale gold minetailings in Sekotong District, West Lombok. In this study, mercury resistant bacteria were obtained through a series of on Nutrient Agar medium. The obtained isolates were identified based on the colony morphology (the Bergey Manual Determinative system), gram staining test, biochemical test and growth curve test. Hg accumulation ability test was carried out on liquid Nutrient Broth (NB) medium containing 50 mL + HgCl2( 10 ppm, 20 ppm, and 30 ppm). The ability of isolates to accumulate Hg was also tested on gold mine tailings with an incubation method for 4 weeks. The results showed that four isolates of mercury-resistant bacteria were isolated, namely Brevundimonasvesicularis, Nitrococcusmobilis, Fusobacterium aquatile, and Fusobacterium necrogenes. Two of four isolates obtained, Fusobacterium aquatile and Brevundimonasvesicularis, could accumulate Hg highest in tailing medium.Brevundimonasvesicularis had the highest Hg accumulation ability which was approximately 1.68, 2.08, and 2.17 ppm Hg at 10, 20, and 30 ppm Hg treatment, respectively. Based on this study, Fusobacterium aquatile and Brevundimonasvesicularis have the potential to be used in bioremediation of soil contaminated with mercury.

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