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THE EXISTENCE OF FUNGI AND THE EFFECT OF TERMINAL CLEANSING ON OPERATING ROOM AIRBORNE FUNGI Firdaus, Nadilla Shafa; Farida, Helmia; Hapsari, Rebriarina
DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL (JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO) Vol 9, No 4 (2020): DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL ( Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro )
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (594.606 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v9i4.27666

Abstract

Background: Fungi is one of the causes of infectious diseases, especially in immunocompromised patients. Surgical site infection (SSI) becomes a major challenge as it is the leading cause of healthcare-associated infection (HAIs). HAIs can be caused by endogenous or exogenous fungi. Exogenous fungi are present in the hospital environment, such as airborne fungi. Fungal contamination of the operating area occurs during surgery or after surgery. The effect of temperature, humidity, the focus of fungal source, and room cleanliness can trigger the growth of fungi in the operating room.  Aim: To analyse the growth of fungal air contamination and its affecting factors in the operating room of a type C hospital. Methods: This study used analytic observational with a cross-sectional design. Total samples were 5 operating rooms that were not in repair. Sampling was using the settle down plate 1/1/1 method. The plates of each replication in each room were 13 plates. The fungal culture was at the temperature of 25⁰C and was observed with LPCB. Measurement of temperature and humidity was using the thermo-hygrometer. The focus of the fungal sources was observed in the ceiling of the operating room. Results: In a total of 5 operating rooms, the Fisher exact test results showed no significant differences between room cleaning and fungal growth in the air (p=0.400). In the primary data, the most fungal growth in operating room number 1 and number 5 was 5 plates. The decline in the number of plate overgrown occurred in the operating room number 1, from 5 plates to 1 plate. The Fisher exact test result showed no significant differences between temperature, humidity, and the focus of fungal source with fungal growth in the air (p=1).  Conclusion: In this study, room cleaning, temperature, humidity, and the focus of the fungal source showed no effect on the fungal growth in the air.
IN VITRO EFFECT OF Chloroprocta SP. MAGGOTS SECRETION ON Staphylococcus epidermidis BIOFILM AND THE EXPRESSION LEVEL icaA OF GENE Anjarwati, Dwi Utami; Setiawati, Setiawati; Mujahidah, Mujahidah; Hapsari, Rebriarina; Nuryastuti, Titik
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 25 No 2, 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1014.224 KB) | DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm25iss2pp76

Abstract

Biofilm formation and the expression of icaA gene can be induced by environment conditions that are potentially toxic for bacterial cells. The effect of green flies maggots secretion to biofilm was studied some years ago to investigate in vitro effect of secretion of Chloroprocta sp. maggots on the formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm (phenotype) and the expression level of icaA gene (genotype) for indicating its mechanism on bacterial biofilm eradication. Microtiter plate biofilm assay was used to measure the effect of Chloroprocta sp. maggots secretion at various concentration on S. epidermidis biofilm. The expression level of icaA gene was performed by Real TimePCR using lightcycler method. The biofilm susceptibility test was done against maggots excretion/secretion  using MTT assay. Whereas planktonic  susceptibility testing was carried out  using Kirby Bauer method. In the presence of maggots secretion at low concentration (5%), biofilm formation of S. epidermidis 734 was induced. In contrast, the expression level of icaA gene in  production of maggots excretion/ secretion at concentration of 5% was lower than that of without maggots secretion (1/2 Fold). Eradication of bacterial biofilm was demonstrated after 48h incubation (MD=-0,011;P<0,05), but planktonic cell. In vitro difference effect of the Chloroprocta sp. maggots secretion at low concentration to phenotype and genotype of S. epidermidis biofilm showed that the possibility of maggots secretion ability to eradicate bacterial biofilm was not mainly due to the expression level of icaA gene.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Indonesian medical and non-medical undergraduate students toward COVID-19 Thania Lathifatunnisa Putri Agusti; Nahwa Arkhaesi; Anugrah Riansari; Rebriarina Hapsari
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 11, No 1: March 2022
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v11i1.20784

Abstract

As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic spread across Indonesia, good knowledge, proper attitude, and appropriate practices among undergraduate students must be achieved before starting a face-to-face lecture. These are also important since most students are active in social media and can spread true or false rumors regarding COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of medical and non-medical undergraduate students toward COVID-19. A 51-item online questionnaire was developed and sent to random undergraduate students from different faculties in Universitas Diponegoro, Indonesia. A total of 482 students completed the survey. The Chi-square test showed significant associations in the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards the COVID-19 between medical and non-medical students, where medical students have better knowledge, attitudes, and practices than non-medical students. This study's findings may become the basis for an awareness campaign planning among students in particular and the public in general, which at this time most student activities are still carried out online and to prepare face-to-face lectures and also to deepen the material regarding COVID-19 among students, especially non-medical students, and furthermore, help to guide the efforts and plans of state health authorities for better containment of COVID-19.
Antiviral activities of curcumin and 6‐gingerol against infection of four dengue virus serotypes in A549 human cell line in vitro Jonathan Alvin Nugraha Halim; Stefanie Natalia Halim; Dionisius Denis; Sotianingsih Haryanto; Edi Dharmana; Rebriarina Hapsari; R. Tedjo Sasmono; Benediktus Yohan
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.60174

Abstract

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most geographically widespread arbovirus causing dengue disease epidemics in tropical and subtropical regions. Nature provides abundant plants as a source for lead molecules against various diseases including DENV infection. We investigated the antiviral effect of curcumin and 6‐gingerol, the major active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) and ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), respectively, against all four serotypes of DENV infecting human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cell line in vitro. Both compounds generated cell cytotoxicity to A549 cells at CC50 values of 108 µM for curcumin and 210 µM for 6‐gingerol. The compound curcumin showed antiviral properties as described by IC50 of 20.60, 13.95, 25.54, and 12.35 µM, while 6‐gingerol of 14.70, 14.17, 78.76, and 112.84 µM for DENV‐1, ‐2, ‐3, and ‐4, respectively. Different levels of antiviral properties were observed between DENV serotypes. Our findings suggest that the antiviral assay of compounds against DENV should be performed to all four serotypes and not limited to a particular serotype. In conclusion, curcumin and 6‐gingerol exhibit antiviral properties against DENV infection and could provide a new therapeutic approach for dengue disease treatment strategies.
The Nurses’ Experience during the Caring of Coronavirus (COVID-19) Patients: A Descriptive Qualitative Study Indah Sri Wahyuningsih; Fitria Endah Janitra; Rebriarina Hapsari; Sarinti Sarinti; Muhammad Mahfud; Failasuf Wibisono
Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran Vol. 8 No. 3 (2020): Jurnal Keperawatan Padjadjaran
Publisher : Faculty of Nursing Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/jkp.v8i3.1559

Abstract

COVID-19 transmission in the hospital environment can be catalized by a direct contact and droplets. Nurses are at the forefront of having the longest contact with the infected patient during the treatment. This research aims to dig on the deep meaning on the nurses’ practice during treating the COVID-19’s patients. This is a qualitative research design with a descriptive explorative approach. The sampling technique used in this research was a purposive side. The Data collection were carried out on five nurses who were in charge of caring the COVID-19 patients at two Semarang city’s hospitals. The research data were in the form of conversation transcripts which were analyzed using content analysis. This qualitative research analysis brought the results in three themes: first, the challenge of being a COVID-19 nurse in the emergency room, ICU and Covid care room, second, the resilience and resilience of nurses, third, the professionalism of nurses. This study indicate that the experience of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients has many challenges, namely fatigue, discomfort, anxiety, fear of contracting and stress. Anxiety creates psychological problems for nurses, which reduces the quality of service during the pandemic. Resilience and toughness are the main foundations for nurses during the pandemic.There is a need for further research with qualitative methods to look at the factors that impact on successful nursing care in COVID-19 patients during the pandemic.
DIFFERENCES IN PLAQUE INDEX AND NUMBER OF BACTERIAL COLONIES OF ORAL CAVITY BEFORE AND AFTER BEING EDUCATED WITH MODEL STUDY AND VIDEO Alfi Dian Uly Noor; Rebriarina Hapsari; Ira Anggar Kusuma
JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL) Vol 10, No 4 (2021): JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DIPONEGORO (DIPONEGORO MEDICAL JOURNAL)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/dmj.v10i4.30116

Abstract

Background: Based on the results of Riskesdas in 2018, the 10-14 years old group had a prevalence of daily brushing behavior of 96.5%. However, only 2,1% brush their teeth correctly. The ability of brushing teeth can be improved by providing an oral health education.Aim: Was determined the differences of plaque index scores and the number of bacterial colonies growing in oral cavity before and after being educated using study model and video.Methods: This study was a true-experimental research with pre-test and post-test study design with a subject of 20 students. The students devided into 2 groups, 10 students with study model and 10 students with video. The results of plaque index scores and the number of bacterial colonies were taken before and after the students being educated. This study use the Paired T Test and Wilxocon statistical tests.Results: There were significant differences of plaque index scores and the number of bacterial colonies growing in oral cavity before and after being educated using study model and video. (p < 0,05).Conclusion: An oral health education using study model and video were able to decrease plaque index scores and the number of bacterial colonies growing in oral cavity. The video method was more effective than the study model.
Diagnostic value of SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab with RT-PCR: Secondary data at Diponegoro National Hospital Muhammad Thifan Satyagraha; Nani Maharani; Rebriarina Hapsari; Meita Hendrianingtyas
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 8, No 1 (2022): April 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v1i1.13759

Abstract

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 rapid diagnostic test antibody (RDT-Ab) was most often used as an early detection tool for COVID-19 at the beginning of pandemic. Whereas the antibody response was formed in the second week after the onset of symptoms.Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab, including sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and negative likelihood ratio (NLR), in patients at Diponegoro National Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia.Methods: Data subjects have been selected retrospectively using purposive sampling based on inclusion criteria (patients who had shortness of breath, pneumonia, suspected, possible, or confirmed COVID-19, and data on the results of the SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab IgM and/or IgG (Leccurate® SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Rapid Test Kit) with a valid RT-PCR as gold standard) and exclusion criteria (patients who only had one of either SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab or RT-PCR). Researchers analyzed the diagnostic value of SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab with RT-PCR which gave the possibility of true-positive, false-positive, true-negative, and false-negative results arranged in a 2x2 table. According to WHO, the diagnostic value is said to be good at least having a sensitivity value of 80% and specificity of 97%.Results: The diagnostic value of SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab with RT-PCR, which was evaluated from 1142 patients retrospectively, included IgM (Se 65.25%, Sp 89.51%, PPV 46.70%, NPV 94.81%, PLR 6.22, NLR 0.39), IgG (Se 58.16%, Sp 93.01%, PPV 53.95%, NPV 94.04%, PLR 8.32, NLR 0.45), IgM and IgG (Se 53.90%, Sp 94.21%, PPV 56.72%, NPV 93.55%, PLR 9.30, NLR 0.49), IgM and/or IgG (Se 69.50%, Sp 88.31%, PPV 45.58%, NPV 95.36%, PLR 5.95, NLR 0.35).Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 RDT-Ab (Leccurate® SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Rapid Test Kit) is not ideal to be used as a rapid diagnostic test for COVID-19.Keywords: COVID-19, Rapid diagnostic test, RT-PCR, SARS-CoV-2 antibody
Diagnostic Study on Identification Method of Enterobacteriaceae Directly from Blood Culture Ciptaningtyas, V. Rizke; Hapsari, Rebriarina; Kristina, Tri Nur; Winarto, Winarto
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 6, No 2 (2015): July-December 2015
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (360.744 KB) | DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v6i2.599

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Introduction: The provision of rapid diagnosis results from positive blood cultures is important for clinical management of sepsis. Using conventional method as a reference method in laboratory, time needed for bacterial identification are 24 hours longer because it has to deal with primary isolation step. Objectives: This study investigated the accuracy of direct inoculation technique of bacteria from positive blood culture vials to biochemical test tubes without primary isolation step to identify Enterobacteriaceae, second most common causative agent of sepsis.Methods: The study was conducted at the Microbiology Laboratory Medical Faculty of Diponegoro University. This is a diagnostic study. As the study sample, blood cultures in BACTEC bottles from Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Semarang with bacterial growth in it. Inclusion criteria was Gram-negative rod bacteri, staining results from BACTEC blood culture bottles, and as a exclusion criteria, there are more than one colony found on blood agar and Mac Conkey agar and showed positive result in oxidation test. Identification of bacteria based on biochemical table of Enterobacteriaceae. Data were analyzed with a 2x2 table.Results: Thirty two samples included in this study. Ten samples (31%) were excluded. Twenty one from twenty two (95%) study samples accurately identified to the genus level by direct inoculation method.Conclusion: The results showed that the direct inoculation method provides an acceptable genus identification, with a potential saving of 24 hours compared with conventional methods.
Diagnostic Value of Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Test for Faster BacterialSusceptibility Reporting in Bacteremia Hapsari, Rebriarina; Ciptaningtyas, Vincentia Rizke; Masfiyah, Masfiyah
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 2 (2012): Juli-Desember 2012
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (169.163 KB) | DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i2.374

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Background: Rapid and accurate information on susceptibility of bacteria causing bacteraemia is very helpful in sepsis management. Blood culture is the gold standard for bacteraemia diagnosis. Standard antibiotic susceptibility testing needs at least three days for completion while direct method can give the result a day earlier. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of direct antibiotic susceptibility testing in blood culture.Methods: Bloods from positive BACTEC bottles which met inclusion and exclusion criteria were put into sterile tubes and centrifuged. The pellets were then used to make 0.5 McFarland bacterial suspensions and directly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. Interpretations of direct method were compared to standard method to count sensitivity, specificity, sensitive predictive value, resistant predictive value, accuracy, and kappa value.Results: From 58 samples (containing 22 gram negative, 36 gram positive bacteria), there were 309 total antibiotic susceptibility tests. Direct method showed sensitivity, specificity, sensitive predictive value, resistant predictive value, accuracy, and kappa value of 89.3%, 92.9%, 93.8%, 87.8%, 86.4%, and 0.82, respectively.Conclusion: Direct antibiotic susceptibility testing has a good agreement with the standard method so it can aid faster antibiotic susceptibility reporting in bacteraemia (Sains Medika, 4(2):174-181).
Acute Central Nervous System Infection : a Case Report Masfiyah, Masfiyah; Hapsari, Rebriarina; Rahayu, Rahayu; Maryani, Maryani
Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 4, No 2 (2012): Juli-Desember 2012
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran; Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (399.82 KB) | DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v4i2.377

Abstract

Background : Acute central nervous system infection can be rapidly progressive, causing death or permanent damage in a short period of time. The diagnosis and knowledge of possible etiological agent is critically important. We present a case of a 15-month-old girl with generalized seizures and ecchymosis suspected for meningococcal infection but there was no proof of the agent of infection.Case report : A 15-month-old girl was admitted with fever of 39,4°C, generalized seizures, and petechiae after suffered high fever and cough in previous day. This was her first episode of seizures. She has no past history of growth and developmental disorder. She became rapidly deteriorated after few hours being hospitalized in Kariadi. Brain CT-scan was not done due to her conditions. She had anemia, normal white blood count, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia (4000/mm3), low CD4 count (99 cell/mm3), hipoalbuminemia (1.4 g/dl), increased lactate (2.5 mmol/L) and procalcitonin (>200.00 ng/ml). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed normal cells count and glucose but increased protein level (375.2 mg/dL). Meningococcal infection was suspected due to clinical appearance, and ceftriaxone was given. Bacteriological and fungal culture of CSF and blood showed no growth. Despite of cardiorespiratory support given, she died after 4 days of admission.Discussion : Features of seizure and general ecchymosis do not belong exclusively to meningococcal infection. There are other possible etiological agent such as Haemophylus influenza, Streptococcal infection and viral infection. Shortage of available diagnostic tools such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) made it difficult to confirm the etiological agent (Sains Medika, 4(2):204-209).Question Remarks : What agent which you think cause the infection?