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Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Plasma Nutfah Padi Lokal Aceh Terhadap Sistem Budidaya Aerob Efendi Efendi; Halimursyadah Halimursyadah; Hotna Riris Simajuntak
Jurnal Agrista Vol 16, No 3 (2012): Volume 16 Nomor 3 Desember 2012
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon pertumbuhan dan produksi 30 varietas padi lokal Aceh terhadap sistem budidaya padi aerob dengan menggunakan pendekatan secara intermitten selama fase pertumbuhan vegetatif. Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi dipelajari dengan mengamati karakter morfo-agronomis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas sangat mempengaruhi tinggi tanaman. Tinggi tanaman padi varietas lokal ternyata sangat bervariasi antar satu varietas dengan varietas lainnya. Varietas Pade Pangku, Sikuneng, Rom Mokot, Sepuluo, Pade Mas, dan Sigupai merupakan kelompok varietas yang paling tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan juga bahwa varietas sangat mempengaruhi jumlah anakan varietas padi lokal Aceh. Varietas Pandrah, Asi Puteh, Sigudang, Bo Santeut, Pade Mirah, Pade P66, Sanbei, Aweuh, Acong, Bo 100, Salah Mayang Ru, dan Sipirok merupakan varietas-varietas yang memiliki jumlah anakan yang tinggi. Sedangkan tanaman yang paling cepat berbunga terdapat pada varietas Pade P66, Sigudang, dan Pade Das. Sementara varietas yang paling lama mengeluarkan bunga terdapat pada varietas Rangkop Mirah. Varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap hasil tanaman per pot. Perbedaan varietas menghasilkan berat gabah per pot yang sangat bervariasi. Hasil tanaman per pot terberat dijumpai pada varietas Pade Manggeng, Aweuh, Sigupai, Bo Santeut, Sikuneng, dan Pade Mas. Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi varietas lokal Aceh lebih baik dibandingkan padi varietas Nasional apabila dibudidayakan dengan sistem padi aerob.The Response of Local Acehnese Germplasm of Rice to Growth and Production in Aerobic ConditionABSTRACT. The purpose of this research is to study responds of 30 variety of Acehnese local rice to aerobic cultivation method with intermitten approach during vegetative phase of rice plant. Morpho-agronomic characters were observed to evaluate the responds of the varieties. Results of study showed that variety was significantly affected plant height, and indicated wide variation among varieties for the plant height. Pade Pangku, Sikuneng, Rom Mokot, Sepuluo, Pade Mas, and Sigupai were the varieties that have taller plant height than others. The factor of variety also significantly affected number of tillers. Variety of Pandrah, Asi Puteh, Sigudang, Bo Santeut, Pade Mirah, Pade P66, Sanbei, Aweuh, Acong, Bo 100, Salah Mayang Ru, and Sipirok were the varieties that have bigger number of tillers. Some varieties, PadeP66, Sigudang, and Pade Das produced flower earlier than others. Rangkop Mirah variety was the longest time to initiate it flower. We also found that variety significantly affected yield of rice per pot. Pade Manggeng, Aweuh, Sigupai, Bo Santeut, Sikuneng, and Pade Mas were the varieties that have higher yield of rice per pot compared than others. When the varieties cultivated in aerobic condition, the responds of Acehnese local variety was better than national superior variety.

Performansi Genotip Padi Beras Merah dari Varietas Lokal Aceh yang Dibudidayakan secara Aerobik pada Sistem SRI Organik Efendi Efendi; Syamsuddin Syamsuddin; Betti Agustina
Jurnal Floratek Vol 11, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Performance of Red Rice Genotype from Aceh’s Province that Cultivated with Aerobic System in Organic SRI ABSTRACT. Characterization of the performance on morpho-agronomic brown rice originating from local varieties of Aceh has been done in order to develop new varieties that adapt to climate change and suitable for organic SRI method. Eighteen red rice genotypes have been planted to evaluate the characters based on the method of cultivation in aerobic system. The red rice genotypes were observed and showed the variation in very significant to the formation of tillers, plant height, number of panicles, panicle length, grain weight per plant, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield potential. The results showed that the genotypes studied had high genetic diversity. Tillering in red rice varies between 19-30 days after sowing. The highest plant height found in genotype Pade Mirah 44, while the lowest plant found in genotype Sipulo Mirah. It was dicovered that the number of panicle significantly affected by the red rice genotype. Number of red rice panicle ranged between 14-48 per plant. The number of panicles in genotype Ketan Mirah was higher than genotype of Meuligai Mirah. However, Ketan Mirah 2 had the shortest panicles. Grain weight per panicle significantly also affected by red rice genotypes. The highest grain weight found in genotype Pineung Lango 172. In addition, also found that the weight of 1000 grain red rice was significantly different between the genotypes. The smallest size of a grain found in genotype of Sirias 102, whereas genotype Pade Mas 41 showed the largest size of grain (30.8 g). Research showed that genotypes affect grain yield potential significantly. The highest yield potential obtained from the genotype Pineung Lango 172 (6.8 ton/ha). In contrast, the lowest result was found in genotype Sipulo Mirah (2.8 tons/ha). Therefore, the results of the present invention is expected to provide information to enhance the sustainability of rice plant breeding system of organic red rice according to SRI system.

AKSERELASI PERTUMBUHAN STUMP JATI (Tectona grandis L.f.) DENGAN PEMOTONGAN BATANG DAN INOKULASI MIKORIZA Efendi Efendi; Syammiah Syammiah; Muhammad Iqbal
Jurnal Floratek Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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A study was carried out to attempt accelerating growth of teak stump by stem cutting and inoculation of Mycorrhiza. Three months-old-seedlings of teak were cut and inoculated with mychorryza. Results of the study showed that growth of teak stump, including stem height, plant height, stem diameter, numbers of leaves, length of leaves, and fresh weight of the teak plant were significantly affected by cutting stem and inoculation of Mycorrhiza. We found that length of stem, length of plant, stem diameter, numbers of leaves, length of leaves were of significantly-positive responses to stem cutting. Additionally, inoculation of Mycorrhiza also successfully accelerated growth of teak stump, including stem, leaves, and biomass. This study found a non-significant interaction between the cutting stem and inoculation of Mycorrhiza. The present study revealed that the cutting stem 2.5-7.5 could be considered as the optimum treatment to enhance growth of teak stump. Moreover, inoculation of Mycorrhiza with 2.5 g/polybag was the optimum dosage to enhance growth of teak stump. The dosage of Mycorrhiza inoculation did not depend on length of cutting stem.

Perlakuan Benih Menggunakan Rizobakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan terhadap Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Hasil Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Mardiah Mardiah; Syamsuddin Syamsuddin; Efendi Efendi
Jurnal Floratek Vol 11, No 1 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

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Seed Treatment Using Rhizobactery Growth Promoters to Vegetative Growth and Yield of Red Chili Plant (Capsicum annum, L.) ABSTRACT. This research aims to determine the effect of seed treatment using plant growth promoter rhizobactery to vegetative growth and yield of two varieties of red chili in the field. The experiment using factorial randomized block design. Factors under study consists of varieties chili PM888 and PM999. Meanwhile, type of rhizobactery consists of Bacillus lichiniformis, Necercia sp., Actinobacter sp., Bacillus larvae, and Pseudomonas capacia. Seed as control is not treated with rhizobactery. Each treatment combination was replicated 3 times. Each experimental unit represented by 5 sample plants. Observed parameters comprise of vegetative growth and reproductive parameters. Result data from observation were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by different test between treatment with Honestly Significant Difference test on the significant level α = 0,05. The results showed that PM888 variety is superior compared with PM999 respect to the response of these varieties for seed treatment with rhizobactery based on the evaluation of the parameters of vegetative growth. While based on production parameters, the number of fruit per plant, PM888 variety significantly more fruit if seed treated using rhizobactery isolate of P. capacia . Meanwhile, rhizobactery species that effectively increase the number of fruit per plant in PM999 variety is P.capacia and P. dimuta. Result of weight measurement of fruit per plant showed that almost all rhizobacteries which effectively increase weight of fruit per plant PM888 variety, except rhizobactery of species Actinobacter sp. As for PM999 variety, there are 4 species rhizobactery which effectively increase the weight of fruit per plant, namely P. capacia , P. dimuta , Necercia sp , and Flavobacterium sp.

Seed size selection from M3 mutant soybean offspring of Kipas Merah Bireun variety in Aceh province ZUYASNA ZUYASNA; M. ADIE MUCHLISH; EFENDI EFENDI; ZURAIDA ZURAIDA
Jurnal Natural Volume 22 Number 1, February 2022
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Kipas Merah Bireun is one of the superior soybeans which was once widely cultivated in Bireun Regency, Aceh Province, used to be as a centre of origin of Kipas Merah Bireun variety. The weaknesses of the Kipas Merah Bireun variety are relatively small seed size (dry weight 12 g/100 seeds), long harvest period and less resistance to drought stress. Therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of Kipas Merah Bireun variety soybeans in order to get soybeans with better properties, one way is to use mutation techniques. The objectives of the study reported here were to evaluate the genetic variability for seed size of single plant selection for large seed in the mutants of gamma irradiated population. The research successfully selected 41 lines soybean mutant with both of high weight seed per plant and large seed size. Several mutant lines of Kipas Merah Bireun were promising to be investigated and developed further in accordance with attempts to increase productivity in Aceh province. Therefore, further research is needed to see how the growth and production of selected mutant soybeans with large seeds in this study in various locations and planting seasons.

Performansi Padi Lokal Mutan M8 dan Pemupukan terhadap Stress Air pada Lahan Suboptimal Dini Karina; Efendi Efendi; Hairul Basri
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 5, No 2 (2020): Mei 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak. Indonesia negara yang mayoritas penduduknya mengkonsumsi beras sebagai makanan pokok. Usaha untuk memenuhi kebutuhan beras di masadepan akan terus dihadapkan oleh berbagai kendala seperti berkurangnya luasan pertanian, keterbatasan lahan pertanian produktif dan adanya perubahan iklim (kekeringan) serta kendala-kendala lainnya. Namun memanfaatkan lahan suboptimal Ultisol, pemberian pupuk dan melakukan perakitan varietas unggul baru diharapkan dapat mendukung usaha tersebut. Ada sebanyak 84 pot percobaan diberikan perlakuan stress air selama 21 hari. Parameter percobaan terdiri dari pertumbuhan tanaman, hasil tanaman dan kekeringan. Hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa galur Sanbei M8-1 memiliki tingkat toleransi kekeringan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan galur Sanbei lainnya dan varietas Inpari 42. Jenis pupuk berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, galur/varietas dan jenis pupuk berpengaruh terhadap panjang akar saat panen. Pada percobaan ini tidak terdapat interaksi yang nyata antara perlakuan galur/varietas dan jenis pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil tanaman padi dan kekeringan. Performance of Local Rice Mutants M8 and Fertilization of Water stress in Suboptimal LandsAbstract. Indonesia is a country where the majority of the population consume rice as the staple food. In the future, the efforts to fill the need of rice will be facing by various obstacles, such as the lack of agriculture area, the limitedness in agriculture productive land, climate change (drought), other obstacle. However, the efforts will be supported by utilizing the Ultisol suboptimal land, spreading the fertilizer, and assembling the new superior variety. There are 84 pots of subject test have treated for 21 days with water stress. The parameters consist of plant growth, productivity and water stress. The results found that galur Sanbei M8-1 has a better drought tolerance than other galur and Inpari 42 variety. Moreover, the fertilizers types not only affect the plant and galur/variety height but also affect the roots lenght. In the experiment, there is not interaction between galur/variety treatment and the fertilizer type toward the growth, productivity of paddy and water stress.

Pendugaan Nilai Heritabilitas Karakter Agronomi Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L) Generasi F2 Aliyul Qadri; Erita Hayati; Efendi Efendi
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 3, No 4 (2018): November 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Abstrak. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tingkat heritabilitas tanaman padi generasi F2 hasil persilangan varietas Batutegi dangan IRBB-27. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Darussalam Banda Aceh. Pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai dari April sampai September 2017. Pendugaan nilai heritabilitas pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendugaan ragam lingkungan tidak langsung metode Mahmud-Kramer (Broad sense-per tanaman). Pendugaan nilai heritabilitas ini menggunakan data populasi P1, P2, dan F2. P1 dan P2 merupakan galur murni, sedangkan F2 merupakan turunan kedua dari persilangan P1 dan P2. Ragam fenotipe (σ2P) diduga dari σ2F2. Ragam lingkungan (σ2E) diduga dari √(σ2P1)(σ2P2). Pada karakter tinggi tanaman, jumlah malai, berat malai, berat 1000 butir, umur paner, dan potensi hasil memiliki nilai heritabilitas 92%, 55%, 51%, 89%, 64% dan 60% dengan kriteria tinggi. Sedangkan karakter panjang malai, dan persentase gabah bernas, memiliki nilai heritabilitas 29% dan 33% dengan kriteria sedang.Estimating the Heritability Value of Agronimic Character of Rice (Oryza sativa L) Generation F2Abstract. The aim of this research was to obtain information on the level of heritability of generation F2 rice produced by crossing of the Batutegi variety with IRBB-27. This research was carried out in the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh. The research starts from April to September 2017. Estimating the heritability value in this study uses indirect environmental estimation of the Mahmud-Kramer method (Broad sense- plant). Estimating this heritability value uses population data P1, P2 and F2. P1 and P2 are pure strains, while F2 is the second derivative of P1 and P2 crosses. Phenotype variance (σ2P) is assumed to be from σ2F2. Environmental variance (σ2E) is assumed to be from √(σ2P1) (σ2P2). In the character of plant height, panicle number, panicle weight, 1000 grain weight, paner age, and yield potential has a heritability value of 92%, 55%, 51%, 89%, 64% and 60% with high criteria. While the panicle length character, and the percentage of pithy grain, has a heritability value of 29% and 33% with medium criteria.

Analisis Variabilitas dan Heritabilitas Mutan Padi (Oryza Sativa L.) M3 Hasil Iradiasi Sinar Gamma Pada Sistem Pertanian Organik Irsat Adanan Harahap; Efendi Efendi; Syafruddin Syafruddin
Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Februari 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala

Iradiasi sinar gamma menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan genetika pada padi Sanbei Mutan yang diwariskan keketurunannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui heritabilitas padi mutan 3 terhadap induknya M2. Metode penilitian yang digunakan adalah Analisis Deskriptif yang ditata dalam bentuk rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) non faktorial, menggunakan satu faktor pengaruh galur dengan Sanberasi M3 ada 37 galur dan Sanbei Asli 3 ulangan total 40 galur. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih padi, kapas, air, pupuk organik, pupuk daun, dekomposer, tanah entisol, dan Alat yang digunakan adalah petridish, incubator, ayakan tanah, head magnifier, meteran, kamera, pinset, tray, ember besar, klip plastik kecil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa galur M3 memiliki heritabiltas tinggi, cukup tinggi dan rendah terhadap induknya M2 pada pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai, tinggi tanaman, berat malai dan jumlah malai. Perlakuan pengaruh galur membuat pertumbuhan padi Mutan 3 jadi beragam dan penanaman secara organik tak menjadi kendala produksi pada penanaman padi Mutan 3.

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