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Effect of Malus sylvestris Extract on Histopathological Features of Hypercholesterolemic Wistar Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Fatty Liver Nadhifa Tanesha Aufazhafarin1 , Alphania Rahniayu2 , Ema Qurnianingsih3 , Arifa Mustika4
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13604

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Malus sylvestris extract on improving the degree of steatosis and portalinflammation histopathological features of hypercholesterolemic Rattus norvegicus strain wistar. Method:Forty-two male rats were divided into 6 groups randomly. Hypercholesterolemic fatty liver induced bygiving high-fat diet (HFD) for 46 days on groups 1 to 5, while group 6 given standard diet with the sameamount of time. Simvastatin was administered in group 2 at a dose of 0.36 mg/day. Groups 3, 4, and 5 weregiven Malus sylvestris extract (MSE) as a treatment at doses of 90 mg/day, 180 mg/day, and 360 mg/day insequential order. Simvastatin and MSE were administered for 14 days, from day 33 to 46. On day 47, all ratswere sacrificed and the liver was removed for histopathological slides preparation with hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining. Histopathological results were analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitneytest. Result: Histopathological analysis showed that Malus sylvestris extract improved steatosis and portalinflammation features compared to HFD-fed rats in group 1 (p<0,05). Conclusion: Malus sylvestris extractimproved the degree of steatosis and portal inflammation histopathological features of hypercholesterolemicrat fatty liver.

CORRELATION BETWEEN BLOOD SERUM PSA LEVEL AND MMP-2 IN PROSTATE ADENOCARCINOMA Rahaju, Anny Setijo; Meidi, Aniek; Mastutik, Gondo; Mustokoweni, Sjahjenny; Mustika, Arifa
Indonesian Journal of Urology Vol 23 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Indonesian Urological Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32421/juri.v23i2.220

Objective: This study aims to prove the correlation between Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) blood level and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) expression in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. Material & method: Prostate cancer patients’ data from January 2009 to May 2012 were collected at the Department of Pathology, Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. Data collected included patient medical documents, PSA blood examination, and histopathological examination. Histopathology slides and paraffin blocks of needle biopsies, Transurethral Resection of Prostate (TURP) and radical prostatectomy of prostate cancer patients werere-read, then the samples that met the inclusion criteria were stained by immunohistochemistry using antibodies MMP-2. Results: Data collection was done to obtain data samples of prostate cancer patients in 2009 to 2012 comprising as many as 22 patients between the ages of 52-91 years. Prostate adenocarcinoma in age of 70-79 was found in 8 patients, with a mean age of 68 years. PSA values obtained from medical documents were between 8.6-594.41 ng/ml. Spearman's test performed in this study showed a positive correlation (one-tailed) (correlation coefficient (r) 0431, p < 0.05) between blood PSA level and MMP-2 expression in patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Blood PSA level correlates positively with MMP-2 expression in prostate adenocarcinoma.

SHORT-TERM TOXICITY TEST OF SINGALAWANG EXTRACT ON MALE WHITE RATS KIDNEY NECROSIS Ardy Hamonangan Naibaho; Arifa Mustika; Anny Setijo Rahaju
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 52 No. 1 (2016): JANUARY - MARCH 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Singawalang leaf is used as a traditional medicine by the communities suffering from pneumonia due to TB disease. However, experiments to explain it’s toxicity are few. Therefore, this study was conducted to disclose it’s toxicity. This was an experimental laboratory study using post–test only control group design. The sampling method was simple random sampling. The animals were randomly divided into 4 (four) groups, each group consisted of 8 (eight) mice, the control group (P0) received distilled water as a solvent material. Treatment group 1 (P1) obtained ethanol extract of singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) in low doses of 90 mg/kgbw. Treatment group 2 (P2) obtained ethanol extract of singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) in medium doses of 180 mg/kgbw. Treatment group 3 (P3) obtained ethanol extract of singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) in high doses of 360 mg/kgbw. Th extracts were given with sonde once a day for 30 days. Results showed that the leaf ethanol extract singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) does not induce sub-acute necrosis effects on kidney of male white mice (Mus musculus) in doses 90 mg/kgbw, 180 mg/kgbw, and 360 mg/kgbw.

Efek Ekstrak Daun Singawalang (Petiveria alliacea) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah melalui Peningkatan Ekspresi AMPK-Î±1 pada Tikus Model Diabetes Melitus Mustika, Arifa; Indrawati, Roostantia; Sari, Gadis M.
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 6, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy

Singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) adalah tumbuhan yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia dan secaraempiris digunakan oleh penduduk untuk mengobati diabetes melitus. Hingga saat ini, penelitian tentangpengaruh dan mekanisme ekstrak daun Singawalang dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah belumbanyak dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun Singawalangterhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah dan ekspresi AMPK-Î±1 pada hati. Jenis penelitian ini adalahpenelitian eksperimental dengan rncangan acak lengkap. Penelitian dilakukan di LaboratoriumFarmakologi dan Terapi dan Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlanggapada bulan AprilâAgustus 2015. Hewan coba tikus strain Rattus norvegicus dibuat model diabetesmelitus, diinduksi dengan Streptozotocin. Sebanyak 25 tikus model diabetes melitus dibagi secara acakmenjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan 1, 2 dan 3 adalah kelompok yang memperoleh ekstrak daunSingawalang dengan dosis 90 mg/kgbb, 180 mg/kgbb dan 360 mg/kgbb. Kelompok kontrol positif adalahkelompok yang memperoleh metformin dengan dosis 150 mg/kgbb dan kontrol negatif adalah kelompoktikus yang memperoleh vehikulum. Ekstrak dan metformin diberikan sehari sekali, personde selama 14hari. Pada hari ke-15 setelah terapi, tikus diperiksa kadar glukosa darah dan dieuthanasia untuk diambilorgannya. Ekspresi AMPK-Î±1 dinilai menggunakan imunohistokima. Data yang terkumpul dianalisisdengan ANAVA dan Wilcoxon (Î±=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kadar glukosadarah yang bermakna antara kontrol negatif dengan dosis 90 mg/kgbb, dosis 360 mg/kgbb, dan kontrolpositif, antara dosis 180 mg/kgbb dengan dosis 360 mg/kgbb dan kontrol positif. Analisis terhadapekspresi AMPK-Î±1 pada hati tikus menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara dosis 180 mg/kgbbdengan dosis 360 mg/kgbb dan kontrol positif. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak Singawalangdapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus model diabetes melitus melalui aktivasi AMPK-Î±1.

The Effect of Dandang Gendis Extract (Clinacanthus nutans) on Kidney Histopathological Features of Diabetic Rats Model Miranda Jemyma Mas'ulun; Arifa Mustika; Ema Qurnianingsih
Health Notions Vol 5, No 01 (2021): January
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (HNST)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33846/hn50104

Changes in kidney homeostasis due to diabetes can cause oxidative stress which then caused tissue damage that leads to diabetic nephropathy. Clinacanthus nutans extract is known to contain antioxidants that are reported to play an important role in the body’s defense system against oxidative stress to minimize tissue damage. This study aims to know the effect of Clinacanthus nutans leaf extract administration on kidney histopathological features of the diabetic rats model. A total of 35 rats were induced by streptozotocin which then divided into 5 groups and given Clinacanthus nutans extract with a dose of 75 mg/kgBW, 150 mg/kgBW and 300 mg/kgBW then compare with CMC-Na as control and metformin as standard drug for 14 days. The kidney histopathology was evaluated under a light microscope against the damage criteria that occurred in the proximal tubules of the kidney. As the result the least amout of kidney damage was on treatment group at dose 300 mg/kgBW, followed by extract with dose 75 mg/kgBW, 150 mg/kgBW, and metformin. In conclusion Clinacanthus nutans extract with a dose of 75 mg/kgBW, 150 mg/kgBW, and 300 mg/kgBW can improve the kidney histopathological feature of the diabetic rats model. Keywords: diabetes mellitus; histopathology; diabetic nephropathy; Clinacanthus nutans

The Effect of Mixed Liquor Administration on The Johnsen’s Score and The Number of Sertoli Cells and Leydig Cells on The Wistar Strain White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Aqidah Khariri1 , Anny Setijo Rahaju2,4, Arifa Mustika3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13521

To analyze the effect of mixed liquor administration on the Johnsen’s score and the number of Sertoli cellsand Leydig cells on the Wistar strain white rats (Rattus norvegicus). A total of 28 rats were divided into 4groups: C, P1, P2, and P3. Rats were given mixed liquor with different dose, namely P1 (1 ml), P2 (2 ml),and P3 (4 ml) each day for 14 days, then compared to C group which was given 4 ml of distilled water usingan oral gavage. Mixed liquor consists of 20% ethanol and 4% methanol. The histopathological features wereevaluated by the Johnsen’s score, the number of Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells in cross-sectional preparationof rat testicular tissue with 400× magnification. Datas were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and OneWay ANOVA test with a confidence level of p <0.05. The P3 group had the lowest Johnsen’s score and thenumber of Sertoli cells, 6.442±0.293 and 5.942±0.674, respectively. A significant decrease in increased doseoccurred in the Sertoli cell count but not in the Johnsen’s score. Group P2 had the lowest number of Leydigcells, 6.421±0.360. The administration of mixed liquor caused a decrease in Johnsen’s score and the numberof Sertoli cells and Leydig cells on the Wistar strain white rat (Rattus norvegicus).

Singawalang Leaf Extract Effects on LDL Levels of Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats Claudi Artha; Arifa Mustika; Sri Wijayanti Sulistyawati
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2017): Vol 5, No. 2 (2017): Agustus
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Petiveria Alliaceae or known as singawalang can decrease levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood because of the content of compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. This study is a laboratory experimental research with pre and posttest control group design. Sample using rats (Rattus norvegicus) males, aged 2-3 months with body weight ± 150 gs. The average LDL cholesterol level of negative control group (KN) is 3.40 ± 2.07, which means there is no significant increase. In the simvastatin group (S), the treatment group 1 (K1), group 2 (K2), and treatment group 3 (K3) the average of LDL cholesterol results showed a decrease with the result S = -71.10 ± 31.35, K1 = -53.60 ± 26.80, K2 = -67.05 ± 23.98, and K3 = -51.06 ± 20.27. By using One Way Anova obtained significance value of p <0.05, which showed significant differences between group KN with group S, K1, K2, K3.

IN VITRO TEST: Antimicrobial Activity Potential From Ciplukan Fruit (Physalis minima L.) Extract in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Muhammad Hanun Mahyuddin; Arifa Mustika; Gwenny Ichsan Prabowo; Deby Kusumaningrum
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 4, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v4i2.3645

In Indonesia, in 2006 the prevalence of infections due to MRSA was 23.5%. Physalis minima L. plants are known to have antimicrobial activity because they contain compounds withaferin A which can induce programmed cell death. This research was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Ciplukan (Physalis minima L.) extract in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Dilution test with Mueller-Hinton broth medium used for measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Ciplukan fruit extract was dissolved in distilled water, and poured into a test tube with a certain concentration (0.9 g/mL (90%); 0.3 g/mL (45%); 0.15 g/mL (22.5%); 0.075 g/mL (11.25%) and 0.0375 g/mL (5.625%). After being incubated for 24 hours, the bacteria in the test tube were plated on nutrient agar plates, to determine the MBC. The MIC cannot be determined, because the solution in the dilution test tube is disturbed by the color of the extract so that turbidity cannot be observed. From the observations of the minimum bactericidal concentration MBC of the Ciplukan (Physalis minima L.) fruit extract against MRSA was in the P1 tube or equivalent to 0.9 g / ml (90%).

Penurunan Kerusakan Jaringan Paru Terinfeksi Tuberkulosis oleh Ekstrak Pegagan Melalui Peningkatan Ekspresi Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 (SUPLEMENTATION OF EFFECT ANILYSIS OF CENTELLA ASIATICA EXTRACT IN REDUCE LUNG TUBERCULOSIS TISSUE D Arifa Mustika; Anny Setijo Rahaju; Roostantia Indrawati
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 15 No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (257.428 KB)

Centella asiatica is a medicinal plant used for wound healing through increasing of collagen synthesis.This evidence generates a new expectation that it could be used for therapy of tuberculosis infection,especially for healing lung tissue damage. Until now, the effects and mechanisms onC. asiatica to cure thelung tissue damage due to M. tuberculosis infection remains unclear. The aim of this study was to prove theeffect and mechanism of ethanol extract of C. asiatica to repair the rats lung tissue damaged throughexpression of the enzimmatrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1)danenzimtissue inhibitor of matrixmetalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1). The study was conducted in male rats. Twenty four rats were infected withM. tuberculosis through intratrachea and randomly divided into four groups. Group 1, 2 and 3 were thetreatment groups that they were given the ethanol extract of C. asiatica at dose 375mg/kgbw, 750 mg /kgbw, and 1500 mg / kgbw, orally and once a day for fourteen days. The fourth group was a control groupthat given distilled water. On day 15 rats were euthanized and lungs tissue have been taken. Evaluationof lungs tissue damage were assessed by the Dorman’s score in Hematoxylin Eosin and evaluation of the expression of MMP - 1 and TIMP 1 were performed by immunohistochemistry. Data of TIMP-1 wereanalyzed with ANOVA and data of lung tissue damage and MMP–1 were analyzed with Mann WhitneyU (á = 0.05). The results showed that there was a significant differences in the lungs tissue damagebetween the dose groups of 375 mg / kgbw and controls (p = 0.006), the dose groups at dose 750 mg / kgbwand controls (p = 0.004 ), the dose groups of 1500 mg / kgbw and controls (p = 0.043). There wasn’t asignificant difference between the treatment groups and control in the expression of MMP-1. In the expressionof TIMP – 1, there was a significant difference between the treatment group at dose of 750 mg / kg andcontrol. The conclusion of the study is the ethanol extract of C. asiatica has the ability to reduce lung tissuedamage of rats infected with M. tuberculosis, through increasesthe expression of TIMP-1

Efek Ekstrak Daun Singawalang (Petiveria alliacea) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah melalui Peningkatan Ekspresi AMPK-α1 pada Tikus Model Diabetes Melitus Arifa Mustika; Roostantia Indrawati; Gadis M. Sari
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 6, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Singawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) adalah tumbuhan yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia dan secara empiris digunakan oleh penduduk untuk mengobati diabetes melitus. Hingga saat ini, penelitian tentang pengaruh dan mekanisme ekstrak daun Singawalang dalam menurunkan kadar glukosa darah belum banyak dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun Singawalang terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah dan ekspresi AMPK-α1 pada hati. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental dengan rncangan acak lengkap. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Farmakologi dan Terapi dan Laboratorium Patologi Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga pada bulan April–Agustus 2015. Hewan coba tikus strain Rattus norvegicus dibuat model diabetes melitus, diinduksi dengan Streptozotocin. Sebanyak 25 tikus model diabetes melitus dibagi secara acak menjadi 5 kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan 1, 2 dan 3 adalah kelompok yang memperoleh ekstrak daun Singawalang dengan dosis 90 mg/kgbb, 180 mg/kgbb dan 360 mg/kgbb. Kelompok kontrol positif adalah kelompok yang memperoleh metformin dengan dosis 150 mg/kgbb dan kontrol negatif adalah kelompok tikus yang memperoleh vehikulum. Ekstrak dan metformin diberikan sehari sekali, personde selama 14 hari. Pada hari ke-15 setelah terapi, tikus diperiksa kadar glukosa darah dan dieuthanasia untuk diambil organnya. Ekspresi AMPK-α1 dinilai menggunakan imunohistokima. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan ANAVA dan Wilcoxon (α=0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kadar glukosa darah yang bermakna antara kontrol negatif dengan dosis 90 mg/kgbb, dosis 360 mg/kgbb, dan kontrol positif, antara dosis 180 mg/kgbb dengan dosis 360 mg/kgbb dan kontrol positif. Analisis terhadap ekspresi AMPK-α1 pada hati tikus menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara dosis 180 mg/kgbb dengan dosis 360 mg/kgbb dan kontrol positif. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak Singawalang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus model diabetes melitus melalui aktivasi AMPK-α1.Kata kunci: AMPK-α1, diabetes melitus, kadar glukosa darah, Singawalang Effect of Petiveria alliacea Leaves Extract in Decreasing Serum Level of Blood Glucose Level Through Activation of AMPK-α1 in Diabetes Mellitus Rat ModelsAbstractSingawalang (Petiveria alliaceae) is a medicinal herb that is used traditionally as folk medicine for various diseases. The plant has been used as an antidiabetic agent in Indonesian society. Until now, the effect and mechanism of action of Petiveria alliaceae as antidiabetic agent is not clear. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Petiveria alliaceae to blood glucose level and to identify expression of AMPK-α1 in rat liver. The research was experimental study with randomized and was conducted at Laboratory Pharmacology and Therapy, and Laboratory Patology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, on April until August 2015. Twenty five male rats were injected by Streptozotocin to create diabetic rat models and randomly divided into 5 groups. The group 1, 2 and 3 are treatment groups that were given the ethanol extract of Petiveria alliaceae at dose 90 mg/kgbw, 180 mg/kgbw, and 360 mg/kgbw, orally, once daily for fourteen days. The fourth group is a negative control who were given distilled water and the fifth group is a positive control who were given metformin at dose 150 mg/kgbw. On the 15th day, blood glucose level were measured by glucometer and the rats were sacrificed to collect the liver. Expression of AMPK-α1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Data were analyzed by ANAVA and Wilcoxon (α=0,05). The results have been showed that there were significant differences in glucose blood level between negative control with the group were given the extract at dose 90 mg/kgbw, 360 mg/kgbw and positive control, between dose 180 mg/kgbw with dose 360 mg/kgbw and positive control. A significant differences of expression of AMPK-α1 showed between dose 180 mg/kgbw with dose 360 mg/kgbw and positive control. The conclusion of this study was the extract ethanol of Singawalang leaves reduce blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus rat models through increase in the expression of AMPK-α1.Keywords: AMPK-α1, blood glucose level, diabetes mellitus, Singawalang

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