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Unburnt Analysis Terhadap Proses Pembakaran Ketel Uap Jenis Water Tube Boiler Kapasitas 15 TPH Berbahan Bakar Serat dan Cangkang Kelapa Sawit Setiawan, Adi; Yusuf, Muhammad
Malikussaleh Journal of Mechanical Science Technology Vol 5, No 2 (2021): Malikussaleh Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
Publisher : Malikussaleh University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/mjmst.v5i2.5822

Ketel uap merupakan salah satu komponen utama dalam sistem pembangkit daya. Proses pembakaran pada ketel uap berlangsung secara kontinyu di dalam ruang bakar dengan mengalirkan bahan bakar dan udara dengan bantuan blower. Pada Boiler di pabrik kelapa sawit, bahan bakar yang umumnya digunakan adalah serat dan cangkang kelapa sawit. Energi panas yang dihasilkan pada pembakaran bahan bakar digunakan untuk memanaskan fluida. Energi panas dari fluida tersebut selanjutnya digunakan untuk berbagai macam keperluan, seperti untuk turbin uap, pemanas ruangan, mesin uap, dan lain sebagainya. Proses pembakaran pada water tube boiler di pabrik kelapa sawit menghasilkan abu sisa pembakaran yang dikeluarkan melalui beberapa bagian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar bahan bakar yang tidak terbakar (unburnt fuel) pada ketel uap jenis water tube boiler berkapasitas 15 T/H. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menguji kadar air dan kadar abu dari abu sisa pembakaran pada boiler. Pengambilan sampel abu sisa pembakaran boiler dilakukan pada tiga titik yaitu: (i) ruang bakar boiler, (ii) hopper lower drum dan (iii) dust collector. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan saat boiler beroperasi pada tekanan kerja maksimum yakni pada tekanan 20 bar. Pengujian kadar air dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat Moisture Analyzer. Sampel sebesar 5 gr akan dipanaskan sampai temperatur tertentu sehingga kelembaban menjadi hilang ketika proses pemanasan berlangsung. Proses pengujian kadar abu menggunakan furnace jenis Chamber Furnace tipe Carbolite Gero dengan temperatur pengujian 800Ëš C dengan waktu tinggal selama 10 menit. Setelah dilakukan analisa, diperoleh persentase bahan bakar yang tidak terbakar (Unburnt Fuel) selama proses pembakaran yang terdapat di ruang bakar boiler adalah 8,09%, pada Hopper Lower Drum 3,6%, dan pada Dust Collector 3,76%.

Thermal and Physical Properties of Patchouli Essential Oil Industry Residue as Renewable Feedstock for Bioenergy Ginting, Zainuddin; Setiawan, Adi; Mulyawan, Rizka; Armadani, Wika; Hermawan, Yuda; Shrestha, Ashish
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v2i1.6644

Patchouli plant is one of main agricultural commodities in Indonesia with an area of 64.67 ha. The solid waste produced from the distillation industry is around 98% of total feedstock. The aim of this research is to disclose the characteristics of solid waste biomass from patchouli essential oil industry harvested from Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. The properties of patchouli biomass before and after distillation was analyzed by using a number of techniques including proximate, bomb calorimeter, TGA-DTG, DSC and lignocellulosic analyses. Five kilograms of biomass was collected after patchouli harvesting then sorted into four categories i.e. leaves, branches and trunk. and mixture of all. Another set of biomass residue was collected after distillation process and grouped similar to those collected before distillation. All samples were then dried, ground and sieved to 50 mesh size. The analysis results showed that the highest heating value was observed from the sample of patchouli leaves collected before distillation process with a value of 15.65 MJ/kg where its volatile matter content was 81.26%. Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic suggested that 27% in pre-distilled branches. Mixture of all parts was found to contain 35% cellulose that was the highest. Lignin content with 42% value was found in after distilled trunk.

Hydrolysis of coffee pulp as raw material for bioethanol production: sulfuric acid variations Mawaddah, Mawaddah; Setiawan, Adi; Zulnazri, Zulnazri; Putri, Almia Permata; Khan, Naseer A.; Jain, Vishal
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v2i1.6382

Indonesia has enormous biomass resources due to its land territory is mostly surrounded by forests and agricultural area. One of the main agricultural commodities is Gayo Arabica coffee. Coffee agro-residue such as coffee-pulp contains glucose, organic matter, protein, nitrogen and high minerals. Therefore, coffee pulp can be a potential raw material for bioethanol production. In order to develop an effective technology for bioethanol production from coffee-pulp, it is necessary to investigate in early the way of glucose can be effectively prepared. In this preliminary investigation, glucose products ware prepared using two methods, i.e. method-I under several main-stages including extraction, delignification, and hydrolysis. While, under method-II, the sample was directly hydrolyzed at 100Â°C for 4 h. Under both methods, hydrolysis process to get glucose was performed by adding sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at various concentrations (8 wt.%, 10 wt.% and 12 wt.%). Based on analysis results, the highest glucose level, i.e. 17 % was obtained from method-II by adding 8 wt.% sulfuric acid. The less the amount of sulfuric acid added, the higher the glucose level produced. No difference in pH was found from both methods. The color of glucose produced under method-I is clearer compared to those prepared under method-II.

PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN PENJADWALAN PADA PERKEBUNAN DAN USAHA PENYULINGAN MINYAK SEREH WANGI: Pengaruh Penerapan Manajemen Penjadwalan Terhadap Laju Produksi Minyak Sereh Wangi Adi Setiawan; Khairul Anshar; Zulnazri; Subhan
Panrita Abdi - Jurnal Pengabdian pada Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 4 (2021): Jurnal Panrita Abdi - Oktober 2021
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/pa.v5i4.12182

KM.6 Village is a village where most of its area functions as oil palm, rubber, and areca nut plantations. Citronella oil farmer community in Kec. Simpang Keuramat is the driving farmer who has initiated to grow fragrant lemongrass as one of the essential oil raw materials. The processing of fragrant lemongrass leaves into citronella oil significantly increases the economic value. In the field, things that affect the quality and quantity of citronella oil produced are found because farmers, as workers, are unskilled and inexperienced in the refining process and unscheduled harvesting and refining operations. To improve this situation, guidance was carried out as a form of community service from Malikussaleh University. The implementation of this service activity is by providing counseling and assistance in making harvest and distillation schedules. The scheduling guidance aims to produce more citronella oil. More citronella oil can be achieved by minimizing idle time, thereby increasing the effectiveness of farmers and workers, which leads to increased productivity of citronella oil refining. From the changes in harvest and production scheduling made, there was an increase in the yield of citronella oil refined by 6% for one month planning period. The main hope of this activity is to improve the welfare of local farming communities by cultivating and processing fragrant lemongrass plants so that they can earn a living and fulfill their proper needs. --- Desa KM.6 merupakan desa yang sebagian besar wilayahnya difungsikan sebagai perkebunan sawit, karet, dan pinang. Masyarakat petani minyak sereh wangi di Kec. Simpang Keuramat merupakan petani penggerak yang menginisiasi menanam tanaman sereh wangi sebagai salah satu bahan baku minyak atsiri. Proses pengolahan daun sereh wangi menjadi minyak sereh wangi meningkat nilai ekonomis secara signifikan. Namun, kualitas dan kuantitas minyak sereh wangi yang dihasilkan kurang baik karena petani tidak terampil dan tidak berpengalaman dalam proses penyulingan serta pelaksanaan panen dan penyulingan yang tidak terjadwal. Untuk memperbaiki situasi tersebut, maka dilaksanakan bimbingan penjadwalan panen dan produksi sebagai bentuk pengabdian masyarakat. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pendampingan pembuatan jadwal panen dan penyulingan. Bimbingan penjadwalan yang dilakukan bertujuan menghasilkan minyak sereh wangi dengan kuantitas yang lebih banyak. Hasil yang lebih banyak dapat diraih dengan meminimalisir waktu kosong (idle time) sehingga meningkatkan efektivitas petani dan pekerja yang berujung pada peningkatan produktivitas penyulingan minyak sereh wangi. Dari perubahan penjadwalan panen dan produksi yang dilakukan, terjadi penambahan hasil penyulingan minyak sereh wangi sebanyak 6% untuk periode perencanaan satu bulan. Harapan utama dari kegiatan ini adalah meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat petani lokal dengan budidaya dan pengolahan tanaman sereh wangi sehingga mendapatkan penghidupan serta pemenuhan kebutuhan yang layak.

Thermal and Physical Properties of Patchouli Essential Oil Industry Residue as Renewable Feedstock for Bioenergy Zainuddin Ginting; Adi Setiawan; Rizka Mulyawan; Wika Armadani; Yuda Hermawan; Ashish Shrestha
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v2i1.6644

Patchouli plant is one of main agricultural commodities in Indonesia with an area of 64.67 ha. The solid waste produced from the distillation industry is around 98% of total feedstock. The aim of this research is to disclose the characteristics of solid waste biomass from patchouli essential oil industry harvested from Lhokseumawe, Indonesia. The properties of patchouli biomass before and after distillation was analyzed by using a number of techniques including proximate, bomb calorimeter, TGA-DTG, DSC and lignocellulosic analyses. Five kilograms of biomass was collected after patchouli harvesting then sorted into four categories i.e. leaves, branches and trunk. and mixture of all. Another set of biomass residue was collected after distillation process and grouped similar to those collected before distillation. All samples were then dried, ground and sieved to 50 mesh size. The analysis results showed that the highest heating value was observed from the sample of patchouli leaves collected before distillation process with a value of 15.65 MJ/kg where its volatile matter content was 81.26%. Compositional analysis of lignocellulosic suggested that 27% in pre-distilled branches. Mixture of all parts was found to contain 35% cellulose that was the highest. Lignin content with 42% value was found in after distilled trunk.

Hydrolysis of coffee pulp as raw material for bioethanol production: sulfuric acid variations Mawaddah Mawaddah; Adi Setiawan; Zulnazri Zulnazri; Almia Permata Putri; Naseer A. Khan; Vishal Jain
Journal of Renewable Energy, Electrical, and Computer Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2022): March 2022
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Service, Universitas Malikussaleh, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jreece.v2i1.6382

Indonesia has enormous biomass resources due to its land territory is mostly surrounded by forests and agricultural area. One of the main agricultural commodities is Gayo Arabica coffee. Coffee agro-residue such as coffee-pulp contains glucose, organic matter, protein, nitrogen and high minerals. Therefore, coffee pulp can be a potential raw material for bioethanol production. In order to develop an effective technology for bioethanol production from coffee-pulp, it is necessary to investigate in early the way of glucose can be effectively prepared. In this preliminary investigation, glucose products ware prepared using two methods, i.e. method-I under several main-stages including extraction, delignification, and hydrolysis. While, under method-II, the sample was directly hydrolyzed at 100°C for 4 h. Under both methods, hydrolysis process to get glucose was performed by adding sulfuric acid (H2SO4) at various concentrations (8 wt.%, 10 wt.% and 12 wt.%). Based on analysis results, the highest glucose level, i.e. 17 % was obtained from method-II by adding 8 wt.% sulfuric acid. The less the amount of sulfuric acid added, the higher the glucose level produced. No difference in pH was found from both methods. The color of glucose produced under method-I is clearer compared to those prepared under method-II.

Pemanfaatan Energi Bayu Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik Untuk Penerangan Pada Perahu Nelayan Arnawan Hasibuan; Widyana Verawaty Siregar; Adi Setiawan; Muhammad Daud
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Publisher : RELE (Rekayasa Elektrikal dan Energi) : Jurnal Teknik Elektro

Abstrak — Kota Lhokseumawe dan Aceh Utara merupakan salah satu daerah di Aceh yang memiliki banyak nelayan, terutama nelayan-nelayan kecil. Para nelayan kecil menggunakan perahu dalam kegiatannya menangkap ikan ke tengah lait. Banyak dari perahu tersebut tidak dilengkapi dengan sarana penerangan yang layak. Sampai sejauh ini hanya sumber pangan seperti ikan dan hewan laut lainnya saja yang dimanfaatkan oleh nelayan. Padahal laut memiliki sumber energi yang sangat berlimpah untuk membantu kerja para nelayan tersebut. Salah satu sumber energi tersebut yaitu tenaga angin di laut masih sangat besar potensinya untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi listrik untuk penerangan perahu nelayan. Turbin angin menjadi pilihan untuk mengkonversi tenaga angin di laut menjadi sumber penerangan perahu nelayan karena mempunyai banyak keuntungan apabila diaplikasikan pada perahu kecil, antara lain mudah dibuat, mudah perawatan dan tidak perlu tiang yang tinggi. Generator yang digunakan merupakan modifikasi generator multi pole agar mampu bekerja pada putaran rendah sehingga mengurangi penggunaan transmisi yang berlebih. Sistem penyimpanan energinya dengan menggunakan batterai sehingga daya keluaran lebih stabil. Kontruksi sistem ini mudah dibuat, dirawat dan murah dan mampu menkonversi tenaga angin menjadi sumber energi listrik untuk penerangan perahu nelayan. Potensi pembangkitan energi listrik ini diharapkan mampu membantu nelayan untuk sistem penerangan perahu.Kata kunci : Nelayan, Turbin Savonius, Angin, Perahu, dan Energi ListrikAbstract — The cities of Lhokseumawe and Aceh Utara are areas in Aceh that have a lot of fishermen, especially small fishermen. Small fishermen use boats in their activities to catch fish in the middle of the lait. Many of the boats are not equipped with proper lighting. So far, fishermen have only used food sources such as fish and other marine animals. Even though the sea has a very abundant source of energy to help the fishermen work. One of these energy sources, namely wind power in the sea, still has a very large potential to be used as a source of electrical energy for lighting fishing boats. Wind turbines are an option for converting wind power at sea into a source of lighting for fishing boats because they have many advantages when applied to small boats, including easy construction, easy maintenance and no need for high masts. The generator used is a modification of the multi pole generator to be able to work at low rotation thereby reducing the use of excessive transmission. The energy storage system uses batteries so that the output power is more stable. The construction of this system is easy to manufacture, maintenance and inexpensive and is able to convert wind power into a source of electrical energy for lighting fishing boats. The potential for generating electrical energy is expected to be able to help fishermen for the boat lighting system.Keywords : Fisherman, Savonius Turbine, Wind, Boat and Electrical Energy

Preliminary design of shrimp pond paddle wheel powered by solar energy Aljufri Aljufri; Aris Abizar; Revi Syarlian; Adi Setiawan
Jurnal POLIMESIN Vol 19, No 1 (2021): February
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

The level of oxygen solubility in shrimp ponds is crucial for the success of shrimp farming, therefore the farmers need waterwheels to increase levels of dissolved oxygen in the pond. In general, shrimp farmers are still relying on the wheels powered by electricity which is supplied from national grid and diesel engines. To overcome these problems, an alternative solution is needed by utilizing solar energy. This work aims to develop a simple design of paddle-wheel powered by solar energy for shrimp farming waterwheels. The design of this equipment used a 50 Wp photovoltaic panel to turn a 250-Watt electric motor. The electricity generated in the form of DC current, stored in a 50 Ah battery then the DC current is converted into AC current by 1000-Watt inverter. Dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor digital data that is connected to a computer via Arduino Uno was recorded and displayed on the serial monitor and LCD. This equipment has been successfully tested by running directly using solar energy sources for 35 minutes.

Kaji eksperimental pengaruh lapisan dinding dengan material es dan garam pada dinding cold box terhadap laju perpindahan panas Adi Setiawan; Faisal Faisal; Andrian Sulaiman
Jurnal POLIMESIN Vol 15, No 1 (2017): Februari
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Sosis merupakan makanan siap saji yang bahan baku utama adalah daging ayam, dimana proses penyimpanannya membutuhkan temperatur -18°C. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan desain kotak penyimpanan sosis yang memiliki laju perubahan temperatur paling rendah. Kotak yang dirancang terbuat dari bahan styrofoam-kayu-garam-kayu, yang diharapkan mampu mempertahankan temperatur dingin target waktu 7-8 jam. Dari hasil pengujian kotak styrofoammemiliki laju perubahan temperatur sosis yang tinggi, yaitu sebesar 0,68 °C/jam dengan laju perpindahan panas berkisar antara 1,23–0,78 Watt. Pada kotak styrofoam berlapis kayu-garam-kayu memiliki laju perubahan temperatur sosis sebesar 0,3°C/jam dengan laju perpindahan panas berkisar antara 0,73–1,5 Watt. Untuk kotak styrofoam berlapis kayu-es-garam-kayu laju perubahan temperaturnya paling rendah, yaitu sebesar 0,06°C/jam dengan laju perpindahan panas berkisar antara 1,12–1,09 Watt sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa lapisan kotak yang paling baik adalah kotak styrofoam berlapis kayu-es-garam-kayu. Kata kunci: Perpindahan panas,sosis, kotak penyimpan sosis.

Preliminary study on the use of solar energy to drive biomass briquetting machines Dicky Risky; Adi Setiawan; Muhammad Yusuf
Jurnal POLIMESIN Vol 18, No 2 (2020): Agustus
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Indonesia is highly potential in biomass resources. However, the use of biomass as energy resource is still limited and inefficient. One of the best strategies in optimizing biomass energy utilization is through densification methods where biomass density increases, and costs associated with transportation and storage are reduced. To carry out densification of biomass waste, reliable tools are required. Biomass waste is usually found in rural areas where inadequate transportation access and the unavailability of electricity networks are often the issues too. On the other hand, Indonesia has abundant sunlight intensity throughout the year to be utilized as a renewable energy source. This study examines opportunities for the utilization of solar energy (PV systems) to drive biomass briquette machines in the rural areas. This research was carried out through several stages including literature study, data collection on the intensity of solar radiation, and calculation and preparation of machine design. The target is to prepare a design for the briquettes pressing machine powered by solar energy. This preliminary investigation concluded that the briquette pressing machine with a production capacity of four briquettes in a single press, was able to be operated using 100 Wp solar panels equipped with a 12-volt 33Ah battery. To drive a hydraulic jack, a 12-volt DC actuator is used at low speeds. The machine is capable of producing briquettes in the form of cubical with the size of 2.5 x 2.5 x 2.5 cm.

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