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Dhoni Hartanto
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EFFECTS OF SOLID VINASSE-BASED ORGANIC FERTILIZER ON SOME GROWTH INDICES OF TOMATO PLANT Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Oktafiani, Oktafiani; Hartanto, Dhoni; Handayani, Prima Astuti
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 6, No 2 (2017): December 2017 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v6i2.12507

Abstract

Vinasse, which is commonly referred to as stillage, is a aqueous by-product of bioethanol processing. This side-product is yielded in a very large quantity in bioethanol industry since the production of 1 L of ethanol will generate 13 L of vinasse. Hence it is become a problem of bioethanol industry since vinasse waste doesn’t have economic value and it is harmful to the environment. This industrial waste has high COD and BOD, high acidity, and high temperature when it is discharged from the bottom of distillation unit. To overwhelmed this drawbacks, it is crucial to attempt reduction of the negative characteristic of vinasse as well as creation of added value of vinasse. In fact, vinasse contains a considerable amount of potassium and organic matter which is beneficial for plant growth and improving the soil fertility. Thus, in this work, vinasse was utilized as raw material for organic fertilizer. Vinasse waste was formulated with other sugarcane industrial waste (filter cake and boiler ash), and NPK fertilizer in various composition to yield solid Organo-Mineral Fertilizer (OMF). Among all the composition of OMF, It was demonstrated that vinasse formulated with 3, 6, and 9% of NPK fulfilled the Indonesian National Standar (SNI) of solid fertilizer. Thus these types of OMF were used to fertilize tomato plant. The effects of vinasse-based OMF on some growth indices of tomato plant were examined. It was revealed that vinasse fertilizer formulated with 9% of NPK exhibited the best impact to the tomato plant growth.
FRACTAL KINETICS ANALYSIS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF SAWDUST USING CELLULASE IN ETHANOL PRODUCTION Megawati, Megawati; Fardhyanti, Dewi Selvia; Prasetiawan, Haniif; Hartanto, Dhoni; Khoiroh, Ianatul; Suwito, Slamet; Kuntoro, Kuntoro
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): December 2018 [Nationally Accredited]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v7i2.11398

Abstract

Sawdust is one of the abundantly lignocellulosic materials in the world. Sawdust is considered promosing for ethanol production, because it contains mainly lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose. The drying process was applied to pretreat sawdust to make its degradation process easier. Biodegradation of sawdust was conducted by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase. The volume of cellulase in the hydrolysis substrate was varied from 5 to 9% v/v. The sugar concentration produced by enzymatic hydrolysis of sawdust every 1 h was recorded as well as its fractal kinetics analysis. Fermentation using yeast in 5 days was also performed to convert sugar hydrolysate to ethanol. Optimal sugar concentration in hydrolysate obtained was about 0.15 mol/L with cellulase volume of 9% v/v and its ethanol concentration was about 0.059% v/v. Fractal kinetics models by Kopelman and Valjamae which can quantitatively describe enzymatic hydrolysis of sawdust using cellulase were used. However, the result of this study indicated that, at high enzyme volume (9% v/v), Valjamae model was more suitable than Kopelman. The fractal exponent value (h) was about 0.667 and the rate constants (k) were about 0.44, 0.53, and 0.58 1/h at the enzyme volume of 5, 7, and 9% v/v. Thus, it can be concluded that enzyme volumes significantly effect rate constants.
KATALIS HETEROGEN DARI ABU VULKANIK UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK MIKROALGA 1,2 CHLORELLA Sp Widyastuti, Catur Rini; Hartanto, Dhoni
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 13, No 1 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v13i1.5330

Abstract

Proses produksi biodiesel secara konvensional menggunakan bahan baku yang terbatas jumlahnya, proses yang rumit, dan banyaknya limbah yang dihasilkan menyebabkan produksi biodiesel dalam skala besar tidak dapat direalisasikan dengan mudah. Mikroalga merupakan sumber bahan alam terbarukan yang sangat potensial untuk produksi biodiesel karena kandungan minyaknya yang tinggi, kecepatannya tumbuh pada lahan yang terbatas, serta merupakan produk non-pangan. Salah satu jenis mikroalga dengan kandungan minyak yang relatif besar (28-32% berat kering) adalah mikroalga Chlorella sp. Selain bahan baku, pemilihan proses yang lebih sederhana dan ekonomis perlu dikembangkan. Selama ini, proses produksi biodiesel konvensioanal banyak menghasilkan air limbah pada tahap pemisahan produk dari katalis yang larut dan produk samping yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan selama proses pemisahan tersebut, jenis katalis heterogen dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan katalis homogen alkali yang biasa digunakan. Katalis padat tersebut dapat disintesis dari abu vulkanik yang mengandung unsur-unsur seperti SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, MnO, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, P2O5, serta beberapa elemen minor seperti Zr, Sr, dan V. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis katalis dan aktivitasnya dalam reaksi transesterifikasi minyak mikroalga Chlorella sp menjadi biodiesel. Tahap awal penelitian yang dilakukan adalah preparasi minyak mikroalga yang akan digunakan untuk uji aktivitas katalis. Minyak mikroalga diperoleh dengan ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana. Rendemen minyak yang diperoleh sebesar 12,26%. Dari hasil uji GC-MS diketahui dua kandungan asam lemak terbesar dalam minyak mikroalga, yaitu Dodecanoic acid sebesar 59.52% dan n-Decanoic acid sebesar 12.64%. Selanjutnya minyak mikroalga direaksikan dengan metanol dengan rasio molar 1:6 menggunakan jenis katalis yang disintesis dari abu vulkanik. Preparasi katalis dilakukan dengan dua metode yang berbeda, yaitu refluks dengan larutan H2SO4 2M dan secara alkali hidrotermal menggunakan larutan NaOH 2M. Reaksi transesterifikasi berlangsung pada suhu 60 oC dengan penambahan katalis padat sebanyak 5% selama 60 menit. Yield biodiesel yang diperoleh dari reaksi menggunakan katalis yang dipreparasi dengan larutan H2SO4 adalah 28,27% dengan densitas 0,684 g/mL. Sedangkan reaksi dengan katalis yang dipreparasi secara alkali hidrotermal menghasilkan biodiesel sebanyak 23% dengan densitas 0,69 g/mL.
KATALIS HETEROGEN DARI ABU VULKANIK UNTUK PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL DARI MINYAK MIKROALGA CHLORELLA SP Widyastuti, Catur Rini; Hartanto, Dhoni
Sainteknol : Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Vol 12, No 2 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/sainteknol.v12i2.5430

Abstract

Selama ini, proses produksi biodiesel konvensioanal banyak menghasilkan air limbah pada tahap pemisahan produk dari katalis yang larut dan produk samping yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, untuk mengurangi limbah yang dihasilkan selama proses pemisahan tersebut, jenis katalis heterogen dapat digunakan untuk menggantikan katalis homogen alkali yang biasa digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis katalis dan aktivitasnya dalam reaksi transesterifikasi minyak mikroalga Chlorella sp menjadi biodiesel. Tahap awal penelitian yang dilakukan adalah preparasi minyak mikroalga yang akan digunakan untuk uji aktivitas katalis. Minyak mikroalga diperoleh dengan ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi menggunakan pelarut n-heksana. Rendemen minyak yang diperoleh sebesar 12,26%. Dari hasil uji GC-MS diketahui dua kandungan asam lemak terbesar dalam minyak mikroalga, yaitu Dodecanoic acid sebesar 59.52% dan n-Decanoic acid sebesar 12.64%. Selanjutnya minyak mikroalga direaksikan dengan metanol dengan rasio molar 1:6 menggunakan katalis yang disintesis dari abu vulkanik. Preparasi katalis dilakukan dengan dua metode yang berbeda, yaitu refluks dengan larutan H 2 SO 2 M dan secara alkali hidrotermal menggunakan larutan NaOH 2M. Reaksi transesterifikasi berlangsung pada suhu 60 o 4 C dengan penambahan katalis padat sebanyak 5% selama 60 menit. Yield biodiesel yang diperoleh dari reaksi menggunakan katalis yang dipreparasi dengan larutan H 2 SO adalah 28,27% dengan densitas 0,684 g/ mL. Sedangkan reaksi dengan katalis yang dipreparasi secara alkali hidrotermal menghasilkan biodiesel sebanyak 23% dengan densitas 0,69 g/mL.
Isopropyl Alcohol Purification through Extractive Distillation using Glycerol as an Entrainer: Technical Performances Simulation and Design Hartanto, Dhoni; Handayani, Prima Astuti; Sutrisno, Akhmad; Anugrahani, Viona Widya; Mustain, Asalil; Khoiroh, Ianatul
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 2 (2019): December 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i2.23477

Abstract

Isopropyl alcohol is widely used as industrial chemical intermediates and common solvents in households, pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and medical purposes. The high purity of isopropyl alcohol requires special separation from its impurity i.e. water due to isopropyl alcohol and water form an azeotropic point, which is difficult to separate using a conventional distillation method. The azeotropic point of this mixture is at isopropyl alcohol mole fraction of 0.68 and temperature of 353.4 K. One of the optimum methods to separate an azeotrope point is through the extractive distillation which use a third component as a solvent. Glycerol is one of the solvents which can be used as a potential entrainer in the extractive distillation. Glycerol is produced in the biodiesel production as a by-product. Moreover, glycerol is an eco-friendly chemical. In this work, the simulation of the extractive distillation of isopropyl alcohol/water system with glycerol as an entrainer was simulated using Aspen Plus. The Non-Random Two-Liquid (NRTL) model was used as thermodynamic model in the simulation.  The effect of stage number, binary feed stage, entrainer feed stage, and reflux ratio to the purity of isopropyl alcohol, and reboiler-condenser duties were examined to achieve the optimum design for the extractive distillation column with less energy requirements. The simulation results showed that the optimum configurations in the extractive distillation column design are at 25 theoretical stages, binary feed stage (BFS) of 20, entrainer feed stage (EFS) of 2, and reflux ratio (RR) of 0.5 to produce isopropyl alcohol with the purity of 99.27%. The design and sizing of the extractive distillation column were also proposed in this work.
Prediksi kesetimbangan uap-cair sistem biner tert-butanol (1) + 1-propanol (2) menggunakan UNIFAC Nugroho, Febry Dwi; Rakhmawati, Fatih; Hartanto, Dhoni; Putri, Radenrara Dewi Artanti
Jurnal Kompetensi Teknik Vol 9, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jkomtek.v9i1.11819

Abstract

Jumlah cadangan bahan bakar minyak berbasis fosil di Indonesia semakin menipis. Dengan menipisnya cadangan bahan bakar tersebut, pemerintah mencanangkan kebijakan energi nasional melalui Peraturan Presiden No. 5 Tahun 2006. Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi penggunaan minyak bumi sebagai bahan bakar adalah dengan menggunakan batubara yang telah diolah lebih lanjut menjadi alkohol. Alkohol tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai zat aditif pada bahan bakar dan untuk meningkatkan nilai oktan bahan bakar sehingga efisiensi pembakaran menjadi lebih sempurna, ramah lingkungan, dan dapat menghemat cadangan minyak bumi Indonesia. Pada proses produksi alkohol dari batubara dihasilkan produk campuran berupa alkohol dengan rantai karbon 1 sampai dengan rantai karbon 5. Campuran alkohol tersebut perlu dipisahkan dengan metode distilasi sehingga diperoleh alkohol dengan kemurnian yang tinggi. Proses distilasi dipilih karena mempunyai keuntungan yaitu dapat digunakan pada berbagai konsentrasi dan dapat menghasilkan kemurnian yang tinggi dengan biaya yang relatif rendah. Dalam mendesain kolom distilasi agar proses produksi menjadi optimal, efisien, dan hemat energi, maka diperlukan data kesetimbangan uap-cair campuran alkohol-alkohol yang valid. Beberapa data kesetimbangan seperti sistem biner tert-butanol (1) + 1-propanol (2) belum tersedia di berbagai literatur baik di jurnal atau buku di lingkup nasional maupun internasional. Dalam upaya mengatasi kekurangan data tersebut, data kesetimbangan uap-cair sistem biner tert-butanol + 1-propanol akan diprediksi dengan menggunakan model termodinamika UNIFAC.
The Processing of Industrial Tofu Dreg Waste into Animal Feed in Sumurrejo Village, Semarang Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Hartanto, Dhoni; Prasetiawan, Haniif; Triwibowo, Bayu; Maksiola, Masni; Kusuma, Andre Dianata Hogi; Fidyawati, F; Mezaki, Naufal Mudrik; Mutaqin, Afrizal Mai; Loveyanto, Rendy Okta
Rekayasa : Jurnal Penerapan Teknologi dan Pembelajaran Vol 18, No 2 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/rekayasa.v18i2.27278

Abstract

Tofu is famous as a favorite, healthy, nutritious and cheap food in Indonesia. The tofu industry has been growing rapidly in this country in the form of household scale businesses or MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises). Among the tofu MSME centers in Semarang is the one in Sumurrejo Village, Gunungpati District. Sumurrejo village has various business potentials that are capable of driving the community’s economy, especially the entrepreneurship of tofu and tempeh MSMEs, as well as dairy and beef cattle farming. The MSMEs in this area are growing rapidly and able to improve the economy of the local community. In spite of this positive impact, the existence of tofu industry also has a negative effect since its waste causes environmental pollution problems. One of them is tofu dreg waste which can cause pollution to the environment due to its bad smell, organic matters content, and putrefaction potential. One effort to overcome this problem is to process the tofu dreg waste into animal feed. Tofu waste has high nutritions which consist of 8.66% protein, 3.79% fat, 51.63% water and 1.21% ash. Therefore, in order to resolve the environmental problems caused by the disposal of tofu waste and the problem of the high price of commercial animal feed, it is necessary to conduct community service activities to increase the added value of tofu waste by processing it into animal feed through fermentation process. Tofu pulp fodder produced in this activity was also tested on chickens. Chickens that were feed with tofu waste shown a better weight gain than those given regular fodder (pur). Training on tofu waste processing into fodder was very useful for the community within the area of the tofu industry in Sumurrejo Village because it could overcome the environmental problems caused by tofu dreg waste and could provide cheap, nutritious, safe animal feed and support the livestock growth. Community service activities were conducted by providing knowledge and skills through lecturing, practice and skills training, as well as monitoring activities.
Vinasse-Based Slow-Release Organo-Mineral Fertilizer with Chitosan-Bentonite Matrix Qudus, Nur; Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Syamrizal, Zakky; Zakaria, Zainul Akmar; Hartanto, Dhoni
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 10, No 1 (2021): June 2021 [Nationally Accredited - SINTA 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v10i1.28829

Abstract

Controlling the release rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) for the soil fertilized can enhance the fertilizer efficiency and reduce the drawback for the environmental. In this work, a novel slow-release organo-mineral fertilizer was produced from the vinasse, which was blended with the NPK and the chitosan-bentonite matrix. The NPK used as additional nutrients source and the chitosan-bentonite matrix was performed as a barrier to prevent the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from a rapid dissolving. The NPK release rate was measured and analyzed after 3, 6, 9, and 12 days using the incubation method and leaching test. The most efficient release rate was obtained when a dry vinasse mixed with 9% NPK and 5% chitosan-bentonite matrix with the ratio of 8:2. The vinasse-based slow-release of organo-mineral fertilizer (SR-OMF) was compared to the vinasse organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF). The result indicated that the NPK release rate in the vinasse-based SR-OMF was lower compared to that in the vinasse OMF.
Simulation of the extractive distillation using ethylene glycol as an entrainer in the bioethanol dehydration Dhoni Hartanto
International Conference on Industrial Revolution for Polytechnic Education Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): International Conference on Industrial Revolution for Polytechnic Education
Publisher : PolinemaPress

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

In this work, the dehydration of bioethanol via extractive distillation using ethylene glycol as an entrainer was simulated using Aspen Plus software platform. RadFrac module for distillation was performed including column for the ethylene glycol recovery which represented the industrial condition. The Non Random Two Liquids-Hayden-O'Connell (NRTL-HOC) thermodynamic model was used in the simulation. The results show that the possibility of producing high purity bioethanol through the extractive distillation using ethylene glycol as an entrainer. The most suitable configuration in extractive distillation column is 23 theoritical stages with the best binary and entrainer feeding stages are 13 and 23, respectively using ethlyne glycol as an entrainer with reflux ratio of 2. The effect of main variables to the extractive distillation were also obtained.
Vinasse-Based Slow-Release Organo-Mineral Fertilizer with Chitosan-Bentonite Matrix Qudus, Nur; Kusumaningtyas, Ratna Dewi; Syamrizal, Zakky; Zakaria, Zainul Akmar; Hartanto, Dhoni
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 10, No 1 (2021): June 2021 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v10i1.28829

Abstract

Controlling the release rate of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) for the soil fertilized can enhance the fertilizer efficiency and reduce the drawback for the environmental. In this work, a novel slow-release organo-mineral fertilizer was produced from the vinasse, which was blended with the NPK and the chitosan-bentonite matrix. The NPK used as additional nutrients source and the chitosan-bentonite matrix was performed as a barrier to prevent the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from a rapid dissolving. The NPK release rate was measured and analyzed after 3, 6, 9, and 12 days using the incubation method and leaching test. The most efficient release rate was obtained when a dry vinasse mixed with 9% NPK and 5% chitosan-bentonite matrix with the ratio of 8:2. The vinasse-based slow-release of organo-mineral fertilizer (SR-OMF) was compared to the vinasse organo-mineral fertilizer (OMF). The result indicated that the NPK release rate in the vinasse-based SR-OMF was lower compared to that in the vinasse OMF.
Co-Authors Agung Ari Wibowo Agung Ari Wibowo Agung Ari Wibowo Akhmad Sutrisno Andri Cahyo Kumoro Anugrahani, Viona Widya Asalil Mustain Asalil Mustain Asalil Mustain Asalil Mustain Asriningtyas Ajeng Erprihana, Asriningtyas Ajeng Bahlawan, Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy Bayu Tri Wibowo Bayu Triwibowo Catur Rini Widyastuti, Catur Rini Cucuk Evi Lusiani Cucuk Evi Lusiani Dewi Selvia Fardhyanti Dimas Rahadian Aji Muhammad, Dimas Rahadian Aji Diyah Saras Wati Eny Nurhayati Erprihana, Asriningtyas Ajeng Fazlena Hamzah Fazlena Hamzah Fidyawati, F Harumi Veny Harumi Veny Ibnu Eka Rahayu Irene Nindita Pradnya Khalimatus Sa'diyah Khalimatus Sa'diyah Khoiroh, Ianatul Khoiroh, Ianatul Kuntoro Kuntoro Kusuma, Andre Dianata Hogi Loveyanto, Rendy Okta Maksiola, Masni Megawati - Megawati Megawati Megawati Megawati Mezaki, Naufal Mudrik Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi Miradatul Najwa Muhd Rodhi Mufid Mufid Mufid Mufid Muhammad Fikri Al Ghifari Muhammad Zarin Amin Zainal Muhammad, Dimas Rahadian Aji Mutaqin, Afrizal Mai Nugroho, Febry Dwi Nur Qudus Oktafiani Oktafiani, Oktafiani Oktafiani, Oktafiani Oktafiani, Oktafiani Prasetiawan, Haniif Prima Astuti Handayani Radenrara Dewi Artanti Putri, Radenrara Dewi Artanti Rahayu, Ibnu Eka Rakhmawati, Fatih Ratna Dewi Kusumaningtyas Ria Wulansarie, Ria Rizqy Romadhona Ginting Rizqy Romadhona Ginting Rizqy Romadhona Ginting Rizqy Romadhona Ginting Santi Wijayanti, Dwi Gansar Satya Budi Nugraha Siti Nurrohmah Sutrisno, Akhmad Suwito, Slamet Syamrizal, Zakky Syifa Karimah Takwanto, Anang W.D.P Rengga Wahid Akhsin Budi Nur Sidiq, Wahid Akhsin Budi Nur Waliyuddin Sammadikun Wibowo, Bayu Tri Zakaria, Zainul Akmar