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Productivity and Utilization of Leguminous Tree Indigofera zollingeriana on Dry Land Herdiawan, Iwan; Krisnan, Rantan
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Indigofera is well known as tarum plant, has about 700 species, including Indigofera zollingeriana. These plants are leguminous species that have high nutrient content and production as well as tolerant to abiotic stresses. This plant originated in tropical Africa, Asia, Australia, and North and South America, then spread to arid zone of Africa and Asia. In early 1900, it was brought by Europeans colonial to Indonesia. Indigofera can grow well at altitudes between 0-2200 m above sea level, with rainfall between 600-3000 mm/year. It can be used as a fodder crop because it has high nutrient content and production. It can be harvested at the age of eight months with an average production of 2,595 kg of fresh biomass/tree, with a total production of fresh approximately 52 tons/ha. Indigofera zollingeriana has crude protein content of 27.60%; neutral detergent fiber (NDF) 43.56%; acid detergent fiber (ADF) 35.24%; calcium (Ca) 1.16%; phosphorous (P) 0.26%; in vitro-dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) 67.50%; organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) 60.32%; 0.08% tannins and 0.41% saponin. Additionally I. zollingeriana is often used as green manure, cover crop in plantation areas, fabric dyeing and therapeutic herbs. Key words: Indigofera zollingeriana, characteristics, usage, dry land

The growth of tree legume fodder Indigofera zollingeriana at various levels of drought stress treatment Herdiawan, Iwan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The research aimed to determine growth of the forage tree legume Indigofera zollingeriana on different drought stress treatments. The study was done based on completely randomized design (CRD), with 12 plants as replications. The treatment consisted of three levels of drought stress, ie control (100% field capacity=fc), moderate drought stress (50% fc), and severe drought stress (25% fc). The variables observed were plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, biomass production, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, shoot/root ratio, and root length. The data were analyzed by covariance analyzed (ANOVA) and the differences between the treatments were tested by LSD. The results showed that moderat drought stress (50% fc) and severe drought stress (25% fc) significantly (P < 0.01) decreased length and height of plant, stem diameter, number of branches, biomass production, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, but not shoot or root ratio. Key words: Indigofera zollingeriana, Drought Stress, Growth

Productivity of Indigofera sp. at different drought stress level and defoliations interval Herdiawan, Iwan; Sutedi, E
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

This study was aimed at determining the interaction between drought stress and defoliation interval on the productivity of Indigofera sp. This study was done based on Complete Randomized Design (CRD) 3x2 factorial, the first factor was without drought stress (100% FC), medium drought stress (50% FC), and severe drought stress (25% FC), and the second factor was the defoliation interval of 60 day and 90 days, each treatment was repeated 5 times. Observed variables were biomass production, and leaf/stem ratio. Results showed that there were significant interactions (P < 0.05) between drought stress and defoliations interval on the productivity of Indigofera sp. The highest biomass production of Indigofera sp. (424.47 g/plant) was obtained from treatment of wihtout dought stress (100% FC) combined with defoliations interval of 90 days, while the lowest (184.55 g/plant) was reached at treatment of severe drought stress (25% FC) and depoliations interval of 60 days. The highest leaf/stem ratio (1.47) was reahced at treatment severe drouht stress (25% FC) and depoliations interval of 60 days and the lowest (1.05) was reached at combination treatment of drought stress and depoliations interval of 90 days. Defoliations interval of 90 days showed higer biomass production than depoliations interval of 60 days. Key Word: Drought Stress, Depoliation, Indigofera sp

Nutritional status of Indigofera zollingeriana forage at different level draught stress and cutting interval Herdiawan, Iwan; Abdullah, Luki; Sopandi, D
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The low rainfall and high temperature greatly affect the decline in production and quality of forage in general. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications. The first factor consisted of 3 level of drought stress namely: 100% field capacity (FC) (control), 50% FC, and 25% FC. The second factor comprised of 3 defoliation interval i.e. interval defoliations of 60, 90 and 120 days. The observed variables were nutrient content (crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), Gross energy, lignin, selulose, neutral/acid detergent fibre (NDF/ADF), in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility (IVMD/IVOMD), Ash, Ca and P) and anti-nutrient content (Tannin and Saponin). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and the differences between treatments were tested by LSD. The results shows that there were interactions (P<0.05) between drought stress and defoliations interval on CP, CF, energy, cellulose, lignine, NDF/ADF, IVMD and IVOMD, but not to ash, Ca, P, saponin and tannin content. Drought treatment significantly (P<0.05) decreased CP, energy, IVMD and IVOMD, but CF, lignin, cellulose, ND/ADF, IVDMD/IVOMD, saponin and tannin increases. Defoliation interval significantly (P<0.05) decreases on CP, CF, energy, lignin, cellulose, NDF/ADF, and IVDMD/IVOMD, but saponin and tannin content did not affected. Key Words: I. zollingeriana, Drought Stress, Defoliation Interval, Nutrient, Anti-Nutrients

Morphological characteristics of forage crops indigofera zellongeriana at different levels drought stress and interval pruning Herdiawan, Iwan; Abdullah, L; Sopandie, D; Karti, P.D.M.H; Hidayati, N
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The objectives of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of drought stress and defoliation interval on shoot and root morphologic characteristic of Indigofera zollingeriana. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with two factors and four replications. The first factor consisted of 3 level of drought stress i.e: 100% field capacity (FC) (control), 50% FC, and 25% FC. The second factor comprised of 3 defoliation interval were interval defoliations of 60, 90 and 120 days. The observed variables were shoot, root dry weight, root/shoot ratio and root length. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and the differences between treatments were tested by LSD. The results shows that there were interactions (P < 0,05) between drought stress and defoliations interval on shoot dry weight, while root dry weight, root/shoot ratio, and root length was not. Drought treatment significantly (P < 0,05) decreased shoot, root dry weight, but increase of root/shoot ratio and root length. Defoliation interval significantly affected (P < 0,05) on shoot dry weight, but not on root dry weight, root/shoot ratio, and root length. Key Words: Indigofera zollingeriana, Drought Stress, Defoliation Interval, Shoot And Root Morphology

Productivity of Calliandra calothyrsus, Indigofera zollingeriana and Gliricidia sepium on acid soil in the greenhouse Herdiawan, Iwan; Sutedi, Endang
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Acid soil which contains Al3+ and Mn2 is generally unfavorable for crop including the tree legumes. The minerals are toxic to the plants resulted minimalization of growth and crop production. Caliandra calothyrsus, Indigofera zollingeriana, and Gliricidia sepium were tree legumes those are generally used for forage. Â The aim of this study was to compare their tolerancy to Al3+ and growth production on acid soil. The plants were grown in ultisol soil with 4.57 of pH collected from Palm Oil plantation, Sei-Putih, Medan. The experiment was carried out using completely randomized design (CRD) with kind of plants as the treatment and 12 times replication. The data were analyzed by ANOVA using the SPSS and excel program, followed by LSD test when the data was significantly difference. Variables measured were plant morphology, concentration of Al 3+ in the plant tissues, plant height, stem diameter, number of stem branches, root length, plant production, nutrient content, energy and in vitro digestibility. The highest Al 3+ contents in leaves, stem and root were significantly observed in those G. sepium, while the lowest contents was observed from those ofÂ I. zollingeriana. G. sepium was the most dwarf plant and its stem diameter was comparable with the one of C. calothyrsus, but was lower than that of I. zollingeriana. The highest number of branches was significantly observed in I. zollingeriana, while the lowest one was at G. sepium. The root length of C. calothyrsus was comparable with that of I. zollingeriana, while G. sepium root was the shorthest one. Root nodulation was only formed at I. zollingeriana. The highest biomass production was observed at I. zollingeriana which also had highest protein content and the best digestibility.Â Data from Al3 + concentration in tissues of leaves, stems and roots showed that I. zollingeriana was the most tolerant plant to acid soils. This tolerancy also affected higher plant growth, biomass production, nutrient concentration, and digestibility. Key Words:Â Tree Legume, Acid Soil, AI3+

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