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The potential of sugar cane juice as the liquid supplement and phytase enzyme carrier for poultry by in vitro Widjaja, Ermin; Toharmat, T.; Santoso, D.A.; ., Sumiati; Ridla, M.; Iskandar, S.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 4 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (115.252 KB) | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v16i4.623

Abstract

Most of the components of poultry feed (80%) of grains and meal that contains phytic acid which has anti-nutritional factor because it can bind minerals and reduce its availability. Phytic acid can be hydrolyzed by the enzyme phytase. Phytase enzyme naturally found in sugar cane juice, but its use as poultry feed supplements have not been done. The study was conducted using sugar cane juice PS 851 from Jatiroto PTPN XI, Lumajang, East Java in order to get the information potential of sugar cane juice as a liquid supplement and phytase enzyme carrier for poultry viewed from the aspect of nutrient content of sugarcane juice and phytase activity in the release rate of phosphorus. Research conducted at the Faculty of Animal IPB for 10 months. The rate of hydrolysis of phytase on P was tested using rice bran as a substrate. Sugar cane juice is added to the 2.5% level, using 4-level incubation (1, 2, 3 and 4 hours), each level consisting of 37°C and 42°C; pH 2; pH 4.5 and pH 5 with three replications. Study using a Two Factors Experiments in Completely Randomized Design and it was continued by DMRT test. P release rate was measured by spectrophotometry. The results showed that the sugar cane juice has a phytase activity of 0.0766 U / ml, brix level of 22.15%, containing water 73.03%, protein 0.47%, crude fiber 6.43%, minerals Ca 0.03%, P 0,02%, Co 0.14 mg / l, Fe 1.8 mg/l, Mn 1.55 mg/l, Zn 1.37 mg/ l, Cu 0.19 mg/ l, Se 12.63 mcg/100 g, vitamins B3 5.26 mg/100 g, C 0.72 mg/100 g, E 0.08 mg/100 g, sucrose 32.42%, fructose 2.41%, galactose 2% and glucose 1.58%. Supplementation of 2.5% sugar cane juice can increase the P release rate of 112-235% at optimum conditions of pH 5, at 37°C with a long incubation period of 1-4 hours. Key Words: Sugar Cane Juice, Phytase, Phosphorus
Performance of Mojosari Alabio Males Ducks Fed Complete Ration Silage Ridla, Muhammad; Allaily, Allaily; Nikmah, Fitri Kurnia; Ramli, Nahrowi
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 16, No 3 (2014): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (447.609 KB)

Abstract

Abstract. The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of complete diet silage on feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion, water consumption and mortality. The materials used were 75 Mojosari Alabio male ducks, commercial diet plus rice bran (16.50% CP, 2900 kkal GE/kg), silage with 30-60% water content. Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and three replications. The treatments were S0 (commercial feed), S1 (silage with 30% water content), S2 (silage with 40% water content), S3 (silage with 50% water content) and S4 (silage with 60% water content). Data were subject to analysis of variance followed by orthogonal contrast test. The result showed that silage with 50% water content has significantly increased body weight gain and decreased water consumption, but there were no  effect in feed conversion. Complete diet silage was safe for Mojosari Alabio male duck. Key words : complete ration silage , duck, performance Abstrak. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian silase ransum komplit terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konversi pakan, konsumsi air dan persentase kematian. Bahan yang  digunakan adalah 75 ekor itik Mojosari Alabio jantan, ransum komersial ditambah dedak padi (16,50% CP, 2900 kkal GE/kg), silase dengan kadar air 30-60%. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan S0 (pakan komersial), S1 (silase dengan kadar air 30%), S2 (silase dengan kadar air 40%), S3 (silase dengan kadar air 50%) dan S4 (silase dengan kadar air 60%). Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dan dilanjutkan dengan uji kontras orthogonal. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa silase dengan kadar air 50% memiliki peningkatan berat badan dan penurunan konsumsi air yang signifikan, tetapi tidak mempengaruhi konversi pakan. Silase ransum komplit pakan aman untuk itik Mojosari Alabio jantan. Kata kunci : silase ransum komplit, itik, performans
Organic Acid Salt from Complete Feed Silage Corn Based by Product as an Alternative to Substitute Antibiotic Function as a Growth Promotor for Broiler Negara, W; Ridla, M; Lubis, AD; Winarsih, W; Surachman, M; Darmawan, IWA; Santoso, Santoso
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 11, No 3 (2009): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (211.274 KB)

Abstract

This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of organic acid salt Zn from complete feed silage based on corn by product as an alternative to subtitute antibiotic function as a growth promotor for broiler. Ninety day old commercial Cobb broiler chickens were randomly distributed into six groups having three replicates of five birds in each group. Negative control (R0) birds were offered standard basal diet and no challenged, positive control (R1) birds were offered standard basal diet and challenged with 107 Salmonella typhimurium. Treatment R2, R3, R4 and R5 were challenged by 107 CFU of Salmonella typhimurium which added in feed with 0.1% flouroquinolone, 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% of organic acid salts. The result showed that dietary of organic acid salts affect consumption, weight gain, and final body weight (P<0.05). Meanwhile, feed conversion (FCR) was not affected by antibiotics nor  organic acids. Our conclusion, Dietary organic acid salt from complete feed silage corn based by product until dose 0.2% can improve the performance of broiler chickens infected Salmonella typhimurium. (Animal Production 11(3): 170-175 (2009) Key Words: broiler, organic acid, Salmonella typhimurium
Evaluation of some insects as potential feed ingredients for ruminants: chemical composition, in vitro rumen fermentation and methane emissions Jayanegara, A.; Yantina, N.; Novandri, B.; Laconi, E. B.; Nahrowi, N.; Ridla, M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 42, No 4 (2017): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.42.4.247-254

Abstract

This experiment was aimed to evaluate chemical composition, in vitro rumen fermentation, digestibility and methane emissions of some insects, i.e. Jamaican field cricket (JFC), mealworm (MW) and black soldier fly larvae age 1 and 2 weeks (BSF1 and BSF2). Insect samples were oven-dried at 60oC for 24 h, and ground to pass a 1 mm sieve. The ground samples were used subsequently for chemical composition determination and in vitro rumen fermentation test. Incubation was carried out in a water bath maintained at 39 ºC for 48 h in three replicates. Results revealed that all insect meals contained high crude protein, i.e. above 40% DM. Proportions of neutral detergent insoluble CP (NDICP) and neutral detergent insoluble CP (ADICP) were high in the insect meals than that of soybean meal (SBM), and these were particularly very high in BSF2. All insect meals had lower IVDMD and IVOMD than that of SBM (P<0.05). All insect meals had lower methane emissions as compared to SBM at 12, 24 and 48 h (P<0.05). It can be concluded that insect meals are potential protein supplements and have low methane emissions in vitro. However, their digestibility is rather low and may limit their utilization.
SCREENING APPROACHES FOR METHANE MITIGATING POTENTIAL OF TANNIN-CONTAINING PLANTS UNDER IN VITRO RUMEN ENVIRONMENT Jayanegara, A.; Ridla, M.; Nahrowi, N.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 37, No 4 (2012): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.37.4.278-285

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to conduct univariate, bivariate and multivariate (principalcomponent analysis, PCA) approaches in the screening of tannin-containing plants from variouscollection sites for their CH4 mitigating properties. Plant samples were obtained from various collectionsites in different countries, i.e. Indonesia (n = 27 species), Mongolia (n = 14), Switzerland (n = 16) andGermany (n = 3). The plants were incubated in vitro with buffered-rumen fluid at 39oC for 24 h. Totalgas production was recorded as an indicator of feed quality and emission of CH4 was measured. Resultsshowed that, based on bivariate screening, generally, plants possessed low CH4 production had lowquality or low total gas production except Rhus typhina, i.e. 43 ml/200 mg DM. The loading plot of PCAshowed that all phenolic fractions were in the opposite direction with CH4 and total gas production.Plants clustered together in reverse direction to that of CH4 were Bergenia crassifolia root and leaf,Swietenia mahagoni, Clidemia hirta, Peltiphyllum peltatum, Acacia villosa and R. typhina. It wasconluded that, for tannin-containing plants, screenings based on univariate, bivariate and multivariateapproaches in relation to ruminal CH4 emission led to similar results.
Response size of Digestive organs of Broiler that are fed containing Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) different levels of protein with protease enzyme supplementation Mahardhika, Brahmadhita Pratama; Ridla, Muhammad; Mutia, Rita; Naja, Miftakhun
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) Vol 31, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2021.031.02.06

Abstract

This research was conducted to evaluate the use of Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis), the level of protein diet, and the supplementation of protease enzymes to the size response of the starter phase of Broiler chicken digestive organs. Birds used in this study were 48 broilers of male chickens which were distributed into 3 observation factors and 3 replications (each replication consisted of 2 samples). The observation factor is Factor 1 are ingredients (basal diet based on soybean meal and a diet containing Jack bean), the second factor is the level of protein (22% and 19.5%) and the third factor is enzyme treatment (without enzymes and the addition of proteases). The design used was a completely randomized factorial design (RALF) and analysis of variance. The results showed that the decrease in protein level (from 22% to 19.5%) significantly high (P <.0.01) increased the length of the jejunum but could be reduced to produce the same length as basal feed (PK 22%) with the addition of the protease enzyme. The use of Jack bean significantly (P <0.05) increases the length of the jejunum but is reduced by the addition of the protease enzyme to the same as the basal diet produced by soybean meal. The addition of protease enzymes significantly reduced ileum weight and total small intestine weight (P <0.05) and significantlydecreased jejunum length (P <0.01). There was no interaction between ingredient, level of protein, and protease enzymes on size response of digestibility broiler organ.
Enzim suplementation in the quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) diet containing Indigofera Zolingeriana on performance and metabolizable energy Suharyanti, Suharyanti; Ridla, Muhammad; Wijayanti, Indah; Mutia, Rita
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan (Indonesian Journal of Animal Science) Vol 31, No 2 (2021): August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jiip.2021.031.02.07

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effect of protease enzyme supplementation and NSP on feed containing I. Zollingeriana to improve performance and metabolic energy in quails. This study used 192 female quails with a Coturnix-coturnix japonica strain aged 42 days. The experimental design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD), with four treatments and four replications, with treatments being R1 = Basal Feed, R2 = Feed containing 10% I. Zollingeriana, R3 = R1 + protease enzyme, and R4 = R1 + NSP enzyme. The parameters observed in this study were feed consumption, hen day, egg mass production, feed conversion, mortality, and metabolic energy. The results showed that feeding containing 10% of I. Zollingeriana was able to increase the consumption, decrease the egg mass production, increase feed convertion and reduce the nitrogen retention.  The addition of the NSP enzyme can increase quil performance which were fed containing 10% I. Zollingeriana. The use of NSP and protease enzymes can increase the retention value of quail ration containing I. Zollingeriana leaves.
In sacco nutrient degradability of silage containing intact and defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae Mulianda, R.; Sofyan, A.; Herdian, H.; Laconi, E.B.; Ridla, M.; Wardani, W. W.; Jayanegara, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 3 (2021): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.3.227-235

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the in sacco nutrient degradability of total mixed ration (TMR) silage containing intact and defatted black soldier fly (BSF) larvae. The study evaluated four dietary treatments and six replications. The treatments consisted of control TMR silage without BSF larvae (R1), 20% intact BSF larvae + 80% TMR silage (R2), 20% chemically defatted BSF larvae + 80% TMR silage (R3), and 20% mechanically defatted BSF larvae + 80% TMR silage (R4). Samples were placed in polyester bags and incubated in the rumen in sacco up to 72 h. Nutrient degradability was evaluated for each time point interval. Results revealed that the lowest dry matter degradability (DMD) was found in R1 compared to all treatments (p < 0.05), while the highest DMD was found in R2 (p < 0.05). The highest organic matter degradability was found in R2 compared to R1, R3 and R4 (p < 0.05). Addition of BSF larvae to TMR silage increased the crude protein degradability (p < 0.05). In conclusion, inclusion of both intact and defatted BSF larvae into TMR silage did not have any adverse effects on nutrient profiles and showed a good nutrient degradation values in the rumen.
Determination of Cell Wall Protein from Selected Feedstuffs and its Relationship with Ruminal Protein Digestibility in Vitro Anuraga Jayanegara; S. P. Dewi; N. Laylli; E. B. Laconi; Nahrowi Nahrowi; M. Ridla
Media Peternakan Vol. 39 No. 2 (2016): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (460.09 KB) | DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2016.39.2.134

Abstract

This study was aimed to analyze neutral detergent insoluble crude protein (NDICP) and acid detergent insoluble crude protein (ADICP) contents of various commonly used forage and concentrate feedstuffs in Indonesia. A number of forages and concentrates, i.e. gliricidia, trichantera, indigofera, calliandra, papaya leaves, cassava leaves, leucaena, rapeseed meal, corn gluten feed, soybean meal, copra meal, palm kernel meal, fish and bone meal and wheat bran were subjected to proximate analysis, cell wall nitrogen determination and in vitro rumen fermentation evaluation. Chemical composition analysis was done in duplicate. The in vitro incubation was conducted in 14 treatments and 3 replicates by following a randomized complete block design. Variables measured after the incubation were total volatile fatty acid (VFA), ammonia, dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) and crude protein digestibility (CPD). Results revealed that among the forages, cassava leaf had the highest proportion of NDICP while corn gluten feed was the highest among the concentrates. Different from that of NDICP, the highest proportion of ADICP was obtained in papaya leaf and copra meal for the forages and concentrates, respectively. Higher proportion of NDICP tended to decrease CPD (P<0.1). Although higher ADICP apparently tended to decrease CPD as well, the relationship was insignificant due to the higher variation of the dependent variable. It was concluded that cell wall protein proportion in feed may be used as an indicator to determine the quality of protein and its utilization in the rumen.
Glycerol as an Energy Source for Ruminants: A Meta-Analysis of in Vitro Experiments T. M. Syahniar; M. Ridla; A. A. Samsudin; A. Jayanegara
Media Peternakan Vol. 39 No. 3 (2016): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (303.88 KB) | DOI: 10.5398/medpet.2016.39.3.189

Abstract

Glycerol or glycerin is generally recognized as a safe compound to be used in animal feed, especially for ruminants. A number of in vitro studies related to glycerol supplementation in ruminant ration have been published but to date the results have not been summarized. The objective of this study was, therefore, to evaluate in vitro digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics, total gas and methane production through the meta-analysis approach. Meta-analysis was applied to 13 experiments and 42 treatments dealing with glycerol supplementation in ruminants. Data were analyzed by general linear model procedure in which the glycerol levels and the different studies were treated as fixed effects. Results revealed that glycerol supplementation did not affect the in vitro digestibility and total VFA production, but significantly decreased molar proportion of acetate and iso-valerate (P<0.05). In contrast, molar proportion of propionate, butyrate, and valerate significantly increased, and thus the ratio of acetate to propionate declined linearly (P<0.05). Methane production decreased linearly and accompanied with an increase of total gas production with increasing levels of glycerol supplementation (P<0.05). It is concluded that the use of glycerol as an energy substitution in animal feed has no detrimental effects in the rumen and environmentally friendly.