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Studi Sifat Fisis, Kimia, dan Morfologi Pada Kemasan Makanan Berbahan Syrofoam dan LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo
JURNAL MECHANICAL Vol 8, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/mech.v8.i1.201706

Abstract

AbstrakWadah kemasan plastik, sterofoam, dan kantong plastik merupakan pengemas makanan dan minuman yang paling banyak digunakan saat ini di berbagai belahan dunia. Hal ini dikarenakan selain harganya murah dan praktis, juga karena kemampuan bertahan dalam kondisi panas maupun dingin. Selain memiliki dampak yang baik, pengemasan tersebut juga memiliki dampak negatif karena makanan panas yang dibungkus akan bereaksi dengan unsur kimia yang terkandung dalam material berbahan plastik tersebut. Hal ini akan menyebabkan kanker karena mengandung dioktilfalat  (DOP) yang bersifat toksin. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian melalui pengujian sifat fisis, kimia, dan morfologi diketahui bahwa proses migrasi terjadi karena kontak antara komponen pada material polimer dengan makanan sehingga mengakibatkan kualitas makanan lebih menurun. LDPE terjadi migrasi pada temperature 90oC.Penggunaan kemasan untuk kondisi makanan yang panas mengakibatkan ikatan kimia yang terdapat pada makanan mengalami pemutusan ikatan sehingga perlu dilakukan modifikasi penggunaan polimer. Metode peningkatan ketahanan termal dari polimer termasuk LDPE dan Polystyrene dapat digunakan metode penambahan unsur fungsional yang dapat mengurangi migrasi antar komponen baik melalui proses co-polimerisasi maupun nanocomposite. Kata kunci: dioktilfalat (DOP), LDPE, polystyrene, sifat fisis, sifat kimia, morfologi AbstractThe plastic packaging, styrofoam, plastic bag are the most used container for foods and beverages around the world. It’s caused either low price and practical using or hot and cold resistance. Beside it has positive effect, the container has negative effect because of heat temperature will react with other chemical from the plastic container. It will be caused cancer because of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) of toxin. According of the research result using analysis of physic, chemical properties, and morphology, migration process happened because of polymer contact the food that caused decreasing food quality. The LDPE migrates on 90oC. The container using for hot condition results cutting of chemical bound that need to modify the polymer used. Increasing the thermal shielding of polymer, including LDPE and polystyrene can be used the additional functional element method that can decrease the migration of element through copolymerization or nano-composite precess. Keywords: dioctyl phthalate (DOP), LDPE,polystyrene, physic and chemical properties, morphology
Analysis of Current, Filler Metal, and Groove on Tensile Strength and Hardness of Dissimilar Welding Using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo; Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Suheni Suheni; Amang Kuswanto; M. Wiji Santoso
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 8, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (987.917 KB)

Abstract

Dissimilar welding commonly used on many industries, for example power plan field. This paper presents the investigations carried out to study the influence of current, filler metal, and groove on 304 Stainless Steel to AISI 1040 Carbon Steel dissimilar joints. Gas Tungsten Arch Welding (GTAW) was conducted to join the both of base metals. 100 and 120 Ampere of current were conducted on this research, V and double-V groove with 70o of the angle as well. The maximum hardness was obtained 623.2 HVN of ER 70S-6 filler metal with 120 A of current and V groove. While the maximum tensile strength was obtained from the joint using ER 308L with 100 A of current and V-groove of 673.74 MPa. The HAZ region was obtained from the joint using double-V groove was wider than HAZ region of joint using V-groove according the macrostructure image of the joints.
The Effect of TIG Welding for 304 and 304L Stainless Steel to Mechanical Properties , XRD and EDX Characterization as Pressure Vessel Materials Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 7, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1159.321 KB)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of TIG welding for Austenitic Stainless Steel type 304 and 304L as pressure vessel materials. These materials have different carbon content. 304 SS and 304L SS of 6mm metal sheet were used as observed materials. The groove angel for welded specimens is 60o and TIG welding current is 100A. Current and voltage for welding process are set constant. For analyzing mechanical properties, tensile test was used to calculate the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) test were used to analyze the phase and element compositions, respectively. The tensile strength of welded 304 SS was decrease to 425,64 MPa compared to 304 SS which is 466,67 MP to 422,22 MPa. The highest elongation of 22% among to welded 304L SS and it has good ductility. Based on, XRD measurements, all specimens have austenite peaks but 304L SS and welded 304L SS have δ-ferrite peaks. EDX measurement was also used to explain the element composition supporting mechanical properties.
VARIASI ARUS DAN SUDUT PENGELASAN PADA MATERIAL AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL 304 TERHADAP KEKUATAN TARIK DAN STRUKTURMAKRO Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Suheni Suheni
Jurnal IPTEK Vol 20, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya (ITATS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.iptek.2016.v20i2.40

Abstract

ABSTRACT            Welding is the common method for joining material used in construction and industrial applications. Variable of welding process is the most important factor affected into the mechanical properties of welded materials.  This study used Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) as welding method. SMAW method use flux to protect the metals. Sample preparations were done to make the V groove using 45ᵒ and 60ᵒ as angle of welding. Variations of heat input also were used as 75A, 85A, and 95A. Characterization of mechanical properties was analyzed by tensile test and macroscopic analysis showed the different area after welding. Based on the following experimental result, the highest ultimate tensile strength was obtained by sample  prepared 45ᵒ of V groove angle and 85A of current which is 518 N/mm² and got 449 N/mm² of  yield strength. Increasing current caused the wider weld pool in the sample surface and showed clear grove shape of welded sample. ABSTRAKPengelasan merupakan metode penyambungan material yang secara umum digunakan dalam  bidang konstruksi maupun aplikasi di industri. Parameter pengelasan perlu diketahui karena berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanik yang dihasilkan material setelah proses penyambungan Pada penelitian ini, proses pengelasan yang digunakan adalah Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). Pengelasan SMAW menggunakan fluks sebagai pelindung logam. Preparasi sampel dilakukan dengan pembuatan sudut pengelasan/sudut kampuh 45ᵒ dan 60ᵒ.  Arus pengelasan bervariasi sebesar 75A, 85A, dan 95A. Karakterisasi sifat mekanik diperoleh dari pengujian tarik dan pengamatan makro untuk mengetahui perubahan daerah yang berbeda setelah dilakukan pengelasan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, spesimen benda uji dengan sudut pengelasan 45ᵒ besar beban maksimal (σu) terjadi pada arus 85 A yaitu sebesar 518 N/mm² dan memiliki tegangan luluh paling tinggi yaitu  449 N/mm². Kenaikan arus pengelasan menyebabkan weld pool yang lebih besar dan permukaan penampang samping terlihat jelas bentuk kampuh sampel pengelasan.
PENGARUH KADAR NITROGEN DAN CARBON TIPE CHARCOAL ACTIVE SEBAGAI KATALIS PADA FUEL CELL Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo; Mohammad Yusuf Sulaiman
ELEMEN : JURNAL TEKNIK MESIN Vol 5 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : POLITALA PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (955.623 KB) | DOI: 10.34128/je.v5i2.77

Abstract

Fuel cell merupakan sumber energi alternatif yang sedang dikembangkan pada masa sekarang, katoda merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting dalam fuel cell. Reaksi yang terjadi pada katoda memiliki kecepatan 3 kali lebih lambat dibandingkan pada anoda, sehingga katoda membutukan katalis untuk mempercepat reaksi. Oleh karena itu penting dilakukan inovasi katalis Fe-C-N dengan menganalisa pengaruh kadar karbon dan nitrogen terhadap sifat catalytic activity. Penelitian ini menggunakan FeCl3.6H2O sebagai iron precursor, tipe karbon Charcoal Active, serta menggunakan nitrogen source dari urea. Komposisi kadar Carbon (CA) dan Nitrogen (N) yang digunakan adalah 0:1, 1:1, 3:1, dan 1:3. Karakterisasi sampel dilakukan menggunakan pengujian Elektrokimia, X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), dan Scanning Electron Microscope – Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM – EDX). Berdasarkan analisa pengujian CV, penambahan nitrogen yang lebih banyak dapat meningkatkan luas area Cycle Voltammograms (CV) sehingga memiliki kapasitas yang lebih besar. Hal itu disebabkan karena terbentuknya senyawa baru yang lebih banyak saat penambahan kadar nitrogen setelah proses pyrolysis. Sedangkan pada analisa SEM, semakin tinggi kadar nitrogen pada katalis memiliki ukuran partikel yang lebih kecil.
VARIASI JENIS KAMPUH LAS DAN KUAT ARUS PADA PENGELASAN LOGAM TIDAK SEJENIS MATERIAL STAINLESS STEEL 304L DAN BAJA AISI 1040 DENGAN GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo; Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Suheni Suheni; Ilham Qiromi
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Sains dan Teknologi Terapan Pendekatan Multidisiplin Menuju Teknologi dan Industri yang Berkelanjutan
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Sambungan logam atau pengelasan yang tidak sejenis atau dissimilar welding merupakan salah satu kebutuhan yang penting bagi industri. Sambungan hasil pengelasan ini digunakan pada beberapa aplikasi yang memerlukan sifat sambungan khusus yang baik untuk menghemat biaya material. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan sambungan yang mempunyai kekuatan yang baik dengan variasi jenis kampuh las dan kuat arus yang digunakan. Pengelasan logam yang tak sejenis, Stainless Steel 304L dengan Baja Karbon AISI 1040, dilakukan dengan Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) dengan posisi datar 1G dan elektroda ER 308L, sambungan diuji dengan pengujian tarik dan diamati dengan foto strukturmakro. Pengujian tarik sambungan logam tak sejenis diperoleh kekuatan tarik paling tinggi 468 MPa pada sambungan dengan kampuh V sudut 30o dan kuat arus 120 A, sedangkan paling rendah adalah sambungan dengan kampuh V sudut 45o dengan kuat arus 120 A dengan kekuatan tarik 385.84 MPa. Berdasarkan pengujian tarik tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa semakin sempit sudut kampuh yang digunakan dan semakin tinggi kuat arus yang diberikan akan semakin meningkatkan kekuatan tariknya karena distribusi panas yang merata dan kecepatan pendinginan yang seragam. Kata kunci: baja karbon, pengelasan tidak sejenis, stainless steel
THE EFFECT OF WELDING CURRENT ON AISI 1045 STRENGTH AND CORROSION RATE Iftika Philo Wardani; Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Suheni Suheni; Ilham Prajala Samudra
Journal of Applied Sciences, Management and Engineering Technology Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jasmet.2020.v1i2.1159

Abstract

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) was widely used in industry for joining AISI 1045 steel because this method was simple, in-expensive, and the device is portable. This researched aimed to analyze the effect of variations in welding current towards material strength and corrosion rate of AISI 1045. Welding current that been used as variations in this study are 100, 110, and 120 Ampere. This research was conducted using tensile test on the weld area and immersion around the weld area in NaCl solution with 0.4% concentration. From the research that conducted, it is known that increasing in welding current made the yield strength, tensile strength, and fracture strength of material also increased. This phenomenon also happened for elongation of material in weld area. With increasing the welding current then the elongation of material also increasing. Another aspect that researched in this paper is the effect of welding current toward corrosion rate of material. From the result, it was known that increasing welding current made corrosion rate of material became faster.
The Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Analysis of Carbon Structural Steel After Quenching in Circulated Water Medium Afira Ainur Rosidah; Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Suheni Suheni; Muhamad Febrianto
Jurnal IPTEK Vol 26, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya (ITATS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.iptek.2022.v26i1.1139

Abstract

The use of carbon structural steel in construction is widely developed. It is important to do research continuously in order to get the optimum mechanical and physical properties of a material. Heat treatment which includes heating and quenching is a process that can be carried out to improve mechanical properties. A fast cooling rate is used to obtain higher strength and hardness. This research studied the effect of quenching using circulated water medium with water flow rate variations in structural steel Q235, Q255, and Q275 to their mechanical properties and microstructure. The heat treatment process was done with hardening at 1150oC, roll milling at austenitizing temperature, then quenching using circulated water medium with water flow rate of 225, 238, 247 m3/h. The tensile and hardness test results showed that water flow rate and carbon content in steel give an effect on strength and hardness. The highest tensile strength and hardness value were achieved by Q275 steel with a flow rate of 247 m3/h, which are 73,49 kgf/mm2 and 298 HVN, respectively. Meanwhile, the microstructures resulted in the presence of the mixture of martensite and pearlite, as well as ferrite in every sample with the increase in the composition of martensite and pearlite in Q275 steel with a flow rate of 247 m3/h.
The Effect of TIG Welding for 304 and 304L Stainless Steel to Mechanical Properties, XRD and EDX Characterization as Pressure Vessel Materials Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.7 No.2 October 2017
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2017.v7.i2.74-80

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of TIG welding for Austenitic Stainless Steel type 304 and 304L as pressure vessel materials. These materials have different carbon content. 304 SS and 304L SS of 6mm metal sheet were used as observed materials. The groove angel for welded specimens is 60o and TIG welding current is 100A. Current and voltage for welding process are set constant. For analyzing mechanical properties, tensile test was used to calculate the yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) test were used to analyze the phase and element compositions, respectively. The tensile strength of welded 304 SS was decrease to 425,64 MPa compared to 304 SS which is 466,67 MP to 422,22 MPa. The highest elongation of 22% among to welded 304L SS and it has good ductility. Based on, XRD measurements, all specimens have austenite peaks but 304L SS and welded 304L SS have δ-ferrite peaks. EDX measurement was also used to explain the element composition supporting mechanical properties.
Analysis of Current, Filler Metal, and Groove on Tensile Strength and Hardness of Dissimilar Welding Using Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) Eriek Wahyu Restu Widodo; Vuri Ayu Setyowati; Suheni Suheni
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 8 No 2 (2018): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.8 No.2 October 2018
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2018.v8.i2.56-60

Abstract

Dissimilar welding commonly used on many industries, for example power plan field. This paper presents the investigations carried out to study the influence of current, filler metal, and groove on 304 Stainless Steel to AISI 1040 Carbon Steel dissimilar joints. Gas Tungsten Arch Welding (GTAW) was conducted to join the both of base metals. 100 and 120 Ampere of current were conducted on this research, V and double-V groove with 70o of the angle as well. The maximum hardness was obtained 623.2 HVN of ER 70S-6 filler metal with 120 A of current and V groove. While the maximum tensile strength was obtained from the joint using ER 308L with 100 A of current and V-groove of 673.74 MPa. The HAZ region was obtained from the joint using double-V groove was wider than HAZ region of joint using V-groove according the macrostructure image of the joints.