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Strategy for Developing Local Chicken Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 4 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Chicken industry in Indonesia offer jobs for people in the village areas . The balance in development industry of selected and local chicken has to be anticipated as there has been threat of reducing importation of grand parent stock of selected chicken due to global avian influenza . In the mean time, high appreciation to the local chicken has been shown by the existence of local chicken farms in the size of business scale . For local chicken business, the government has been built programs, projects, and infrastructures, although the programs and projects were dropped scattered in to several institutions, which were end up with less significant impact to the people. Therefore, it is the time that the government should put more efforts to integrate various sources . focusing in enhancing local chicken industry . Key words : Local chicken industry, synergism, government programmes

Pelung-Kampung Crosbred Chicken : Dietary Protein for 12 Weeks Old Meat Production Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 2 (2006)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Increasing the utilization of local chickens has been put into national priority . Kampung chicken has been one of many local chickens used as a source of meat for consumption . Kampung chicken has actually an important role to rural community . Meat production of Kampung chicken is considerably low compared to modern selected broiler chicken . Pelung chicken is one of the local chickens, having larger body size that other local chickens . The crossing of Pelung male to Kampung female is one of the shortcuts in improving local chickens meat production . Pelung-Kampung cross could be a choice for commercial local meat type of chicken . Discussion is done on growth, carcass composition, body composition, and energy and nitrogen retentions. Keeping the bird up to 12 weeks of age with dietary protein of 21% for starter (0 - 6 weeks of age) followed by dietary protein 17% (6 - 12 weeks of age) resulted in the most economic return, but did not indicate a significant increase in biological variables . The rations with 19% dietary protein for starter followed by dietary protein of 15% for finisher up to 12 weeks of age were relatively a better choice of feeding strategy with lower input . Key words : Pelung x Kampung chicken, dietary protein, growth

The Characteristic and The Use of Pelung Chicken in Indonesia Susanti, Triana; Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Pelung chicken is one of livestock genetic resources in Indonesia, which has been playing an important role for years in the villagers in West Java Province. Pelung chicken originally came from Cianjur district in West Java area. It has been raised as a singing cockerel. This singing ability of the cockerel has become the main criteria for Pelung chicken regular competition in Cianjur. A serious attention on Pelung chicken can maintain the existence of Pelung chicken. The specific character of Pelung chicken compared to other native chicken in Indonesia is the large size of its body. This character could be used to improve the growth rate up to 20% bodyweight and the feed utilization efficiency up to 10% when crossbred with Kampung chicken. The economic value of Pelung chicken is not only its beautiful voice but also as a source of local chicken meat. Further research on any genetic potential of Pelung chicken is strongly suggested. Â Key words: Pelung chicken, characteristic, the use of

The Role of Dairy Cattle Husbandry in Supporting The Development of National Dairy Industry Iskandar, Sofjan; Anggraeni, Anneke
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

An intensive development in Indonesian dairy industry has expanded over two decades. During this period, the structure of the national dairy industry has progressed completely. The capacity of the national fresh milk production, however, has been able to supply only 35% of domestic milk demand. The milk domestic demand is predicted to be continous due to the increases in the national population and their welfare. Raising temperate dairy breed (Holstein-Friesian) under tropical climate has resulted many deteriorates in productivity. More inferiority has been found under a semi-intensive management at small dairy farms. The existence of various changes in the global trade regulation for agriculture commodities has been a considerable factor directly affecting the future development of the national dairy industry. Increasing efficiency of various determinant components of the national dairy industry is required to produce domestic fresh milk in a good quality at a competitive price. This paper is dealing with the status of various determined factors especially for dairy livestock components to improve the future national dairy industry prospectively, involving for the national dairy cattle population, domestic milk yield, productivity of dairy cattle, breeding system and supporting reproduction technology. More over, other essential factors providing for dairy institution as well as distribution and marketing domestic milk production are also described. Â Key words: Dairy cattle husbandry, small dairy farms, national dairy industry

Response of growth and digestive organs development of Pelung x Kampung crossbred chicken to dietary proteins Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 9, No 4 (2004)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

More information on the performance of local breed of chicken encourages more exploration on early digestive tract development of Pelung x Kampung cross chicken. One hundred and sixty day-old chicks (doc) of Pelung x Kampung crossbred were sexed and allocated to two different dietary proteins of 15 or 19% with the same level of dietary energy (2900 kcal/kg) and other nutrients according to levels suggested for light high breed chicken. Rations, in a form of mash, and water provided ad libitum during the 28 days of observation. Body weight and feed consumption were recorded weekly. Thirty-two day old chickens were sacrificed for digestive track analysis, then two chickens obtained from each trial replicate were also sacrificed at day 7, 14, 21 and 28, following at least 3 hours of starvation to clear the tract from remaining digesta. The cut organs (crop, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and caecum) were separated and cleaned carefully from digesta with tissue paper prior to weighing. Number of birds in each cage was rearranged to keep the number relatively the same throughout the replicates every week after sacrificing. Higher body weight of young chicken to 19% dietary protein compared to 15% dietary protein was shown at 28 days of age. Gizzard, duodenum, jejunum and ileum developments of male chicks were significantly higher than that of females when the chicks reached the age of 28 day. Generally the relatif weight of duodenum and jejunum were relatively higher than the development of growth or development of other digestive organ segmens. Response of other observed parameters other than mentioned above to dietary protein nor sex were not significantly different at any other ages. Â Key words: Pelung x Kampung crossbred chicken, growth, digestive organs developments, dietary proteins

Growth and carcass development of Kedu x Arab cross under two feeding regimes Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 4 (2005)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

One hundred unsexed chicks of each group of Kedu x Arab cross, of Arab x Arab and of Kedu x Kedu were kept under intensive husbandry for about 52 days (from 32 to 84 days of age). Each group was allocated to 10 cages of 10 unsexed birds. Experimental rations consisted of main ingredients of ground yellow corn, soybean meal, rice bran and fishmeal. Experimental ration were R1 containing energy of 2920 kkal ME/kg with crude protein of 15.17%. R2a contained energy of 3087 kkal ME/kg with crude protein of 7.36% and R2b contained energy of 2336 kkal ME/kg with crude protein of 42,51%. R1 ration was given ad libitum for 24 hours and R2a ration was given from 08.00 a.m.â12.00 p.m. and continued with R2b ration was given up to 8.00 a.m. in the following day. Results showed that live bodyweight and bodyweight gain were not significantly different among the three groups of chicken. Feed consumption of Kedu x Arab cross was significantly lower than that of Kedu x Kedu nor Arab x Arab. Feed conversion ratio of Kedu x Arab cross was also significantly lower (3.74) than its comparative groups. Birds on R1 ration grew faster (804 g/bird) than that on R2a-R2b ration (738 g/bird) with feed consumption of 2135 g bird-1 52 day-1 on R1 ration versus 2338 g bird-1 52 day-1 on R2a-R2b ration. FCR of the birds were lower on R1 ration (3.44) than on R2a-R2b ration (4.26). Energy consumption, protein consumption, protein efficiency ratio, energy efficiency ratio did not show significant different among the three groups of chicken, but for all those variables under R1 ration were significantly higher than for those under R2a-R2b ration. Whole carcass and carcass cuts were not significantly affected by neither the kind of chickens nor dietary treatments. Development of liver was the slowest among development of other carcass cuts and organs, whilst development of breast meat was 4.4â6.0 times, and drumstick meat was 4.6â6.6 times. Â Â Key Words: Kedu x Arab Cross Chicken, Growth, Carcass

Growth responses of native chicken Sentul G-3 on diet containing high rice-bran supplemented with phytase enzyme and ZnO Iskandar, Sofjan; ., Sumiati .; Hidayat, Cecep
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v19i3.1082

This study was conducted to determine the effect of phytase enzymes and ZnO supplementation on the performance of native chicken Sentul-G3 fed high rice-bran diet. Two hundred and seventy day old chicks (DOC) native chicken Sentul-G3 from three different hatcheries were used in this study. Factorial randomized block design (3 x 3) was applied in this study. The first factor was the enzyme phytase supplementation levels (0; 1000; 2000 U/kg), the second factor was the level of supplementation of ZnO (0; 1.5; 3.2 g/kg), so that there are nine treatment given, namely R1 = 50% commercial diet : 50% rice bran; R2 = R1 + 1.5 g ZnO/kg; R3 = R1 + 3.2 g ZnO/kg; R4 = R1 + phytase enzyme 1000 U/kg; R5 = R1 + (phytase enzyme 1000 U/kg + 1.5 g ZnO/kg); R6 = R1 + (phytase enzyme 1000 U/kg + 3.2 g ZnO/kg); R7 = R1 + phytase enzyme 2000 U/kg; R8 = R1 + (phytase enzyme 2000 U/kg + 1.5 g ZnO/kg); R9 = R1 + (phytase enzyme 2000 U/kg + 3.2 g ZnO/kg). Each experimental unit consisted of 6 head unsexed native chicken Sentul-G3. The experimental diet was fed for 10 weeks. The variables measured were body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, mortality, mineral deposition of Ca, P, Zn in the tibia bone, alkaline phosfatase enzyme activity in serum. Results showed that there was significant interaction (P<0.05) between phytase enzyme and ZnO supplementation on body weight, body weight gain, feed conversion, zinc deposition in the tibia bone. There was no significant interaction (P> 0.05) between phytase enzyme and ZnO supplementation on feed intake, mortality, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity in serum, and deposition of calcium and Â phosphorus in the tibia bone. It was concluded that supplementation of phytase enzyme and ZnO were not able to increase the growth of native chicken Sentul-G3 on fed diet containing high rice bran. Key Words: Phytase Enzymes, ZnO, Native Chicken Sentul-G3

The effect of feeding pre-starter on performance efficiency of local chicken (KUB chicken) Cahyaningsih, T.; Hidayat, Cecep; Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 19, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v19i3.1083

An experiment in feeding pre-starter diets was carried out on local chicken (KUB chicken) raised to the age of 84 days. Four hundred and eighty day-old KUB chicks were allocated to experimental diets of P1 = standard diet without pre-starter; P2 = OASISÂ® pre-starter for 48 hours feeding; P3 = COBA-1, a mixture of 76.3% yolk powder, 0.76% inulin powder, 7.63 % honey and 15.3% tomato sauce, for 24 hours feeding; P4 = P3 given for 48 hours feeding; P5 = fresh papaya for 24 hours feeding; P6 = P5 for 48 hours feeding; P7 = fasting for 24 hours and P8 = fasting for 48 hours. Following treatment, the chicks were then fed with standard diet, containing 17.5 % crude protein with 2800 kcal ME/kg up to the end of the experiment. Results showed that the group of chicken on pre-starter diet of ripe papaya fruit (P5 and P6), responded better EPEF (European Performance Efficiency Factor) value of 442 and 356 g/bird, respectively in chicken of P5 and P6. This better response was due to particularly higher viability and the efficiency in utilization of feed. Key Words: Pre-starter Diets, KUB Chicken, Performance

The influence of cage density on growth and behavior of Tangerang-Wareng Pullets Rahayu H.S, Iman; Amanda, Y.; Setyaningrum, S.D.; Iskandar, Sofjan
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

One hundred and eight pullets of 13 weeks old white Tangerang-Wareng, were allocated to numbers of wire cages. Each cage had 4050 cm2 floor space. The treatments were three cage-densities (4, 6 and 8 pullets/cage) with six replications for each treatment for growth observation, while there were other three treatments (observation times), which were 07.00-08.00 (morning), 12.00-13.00 (noon) or 17.00-18.00 (afternoon), that were applied and replicated in three for behavior observation. Commercial ration containing 20.86% crude protein, 3.22 Ca, 0.87% total P and 2982 kkal metabolizable energy (ME)/kg and drinking water were provided ad libitum. Results showed that cage density neither significantly (P<0.05) affected birdsâ final bodyweight, bodyweight gain, feed consumption nor feed conversion ratio. Analysis of variance showed that there was no interaction effect of cage densites and observation times on every observed behavior variable, except on standing activity. Cage density did not significantly (P<0,05) affect behavior, except behavior of cleanning, which increased with the increase of space allocation. The presentages of eating and pecking were significantly increase in the morning, while presentage of bird having a rest increased at noon. Drinking behavior was not affected by both cage density and observation time. The most birds showed the highest activities in the morning. In general the most cage density of 8 birds/4050 cm2 of floor space (506 cm2/bird), was more likely comfortable to the birds to live. Key words: Cage Density, Tangerang-Wareng Pullet, Growth, Behavior

Growth response of Kampung and Pelung cross chickens to diet differed in protein content Sartika, T; Sastrodihardi, S; Z, Desmayati; Iskandar, Sofjan; Setiadi, P; Susanti, T
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 3, No 1 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Two lines of native chicken (Kampung and Pelung cross) were subjected to diets differed in protein content (21, 19, 17and 15%), but isocaloric (2,900 kcal ME/kg). Ten (5 males, 5 females) day old chicks were allocated as replicate and thetreatments were 2 lines x 4 levels dietary protein. The trial was conducted for 12 weeks period . Bodyweight gain of Kampungchicken (704 g/bird) was lower than ofPelung cross chicken (844 g/bird). Based on bodyweight gain and feed conversion ratio,the optimum level of dietary crude protein was 19% for both lines, whilst consumption was not affected either by lines nor bydietary protein. Pelung cross chicken converted feed to body weight more efficiently than Kampung chicken did. However feedconversion ratio increased with decreasing in dietary protein. Mortality was not affected either by lines nor by dietary protein.Twelve weeks carcass percentage of Pelung cross (64,9%) was higher than of Kampung chickens (62,9%), however carcass percentage was not affected by the dietary protein. Abdominal fat pad was not affected by lines of chickens nor dietary protein. Â Key words : Native chicken, protein, growth, carcass

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