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The correlation between IL-10 expression and histopathological type in nasopharynx carcinoma patients Hamita, Hamita; Yusuf, Muhtarum; Wiyadi, Manshur Shidiq
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 50, No 1 (2020): Volume 50, No. 1 January - June 2020
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy originated from nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. NPC therapy response could be predicted from histopathological type, but some patients with the same histopathological type, showed a different therapy response. Interleukin (IL)-10 expression is expected to be able to predict a better response of therapy in NPC patients. Purpose: To find out the correlation between IL-10 expression and histopathological type in NPC patients. Method: An analytic observational study with cross sectional approach towards 33 samples taken from the Oncology Polyclinic of Outpatient Unit of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens were obtained. The IL-10 expression was studied with immunohistochemistry using rabbit polyclonal antibody Anti IL-10. Assessment of the staining used Allred scale. The Fisher exact test was utilized to determine the correlation of IL-10 expression and histopathological type of NPC, with p value = 0.05. Result: The result of IL-10 expression in NPC patients with histopathological WHO type I NPC obtained 1 sample (8.3%) with strong positive expression and 2 samples (9.5%) with weak positive expression. In patients with histopathological WHO type II NPC obtained 2 samples (16.7%) with strong positive expression and 12 samples (57.1%) with weak positive expression. In patients with histopathological WHO type III NPC obtained 9 samples (75%) with strong expression and 7 samples (33.3%) with weak positive expression. Conclusion: There was moderate positive correlation between IL-10 expression and histopathological type in NPC patients.Keywords: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, IL-10 expression, histopathological typeÂ ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) adalah suatu keganasan yang berasal dari epitel nasofaring. Respon terapi KNF selama ini dapat dinilai berdasarkan tipe histopatologi, namun pada kenyataannya penderita KNF dengan tipe histopatologi sama dapat menunjukkan respon terapi berbeda. Pemeriksaan ekspresi interleukin (IL)-10 diharapkan dapat memberikan prediksi lebih baik mengenai respon terapi pada penderita KNF. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara ekspresi IL-10 dengan tipe histopatologi pada penderita KNF. Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada 33 sampel yang diperoleh dari Poliklinik Onkologi Unit Rawat Jalan, Departemen THTBedah Kepala Leher, RSUD Dr Soetomo. Ekspresi IL-10 diperiksa dari blok parafin dengan teknik pemulasan imunohistokimia menggunakan rabbit polyclonal antibody Anti IL-10. Ekspresi IL-10 dinilai dengan menggunakan skala Allred. Uji Fisher exact digunakan untuk menentukan korelasi antara ekspresi IL-10 dan tipe histopatologi KNF, dengan p = 0,05. Hasil: Ekspresi IL-10 pada KNF WHO tipe I didapatkan ekspresi positif kuat 1 penderita (8,3%) dan ekspresi positif lemah 2 penderita (9,5%). Hasil ekspresi IL-10 pada KNF WHO tipe II didapatkan ekspresi positif kuat 2 penderita (16,7%) dan ekspresi positif lemah 12 penderita (57,1%). Hasil ekspresi IL-10 pada KNF WHO tipe III 9 penderita (75%) dengan ekspresi positif kuat dan 7 penderita (33,3%) dengan ekspresi positif lemah. Kesimpulan: Didapatkan korelasi positif sedang antara ekspresi IL-10 dan tipe histopatologi pada penderita KNF

The Increase Level of Muscle Adductor in Idiopathic Vocal Cord Adductor Paralysis Post Biofeedback Vocal Therapy Rani Maharyati1, Irwan Kristyono1, Muhtarum Yusuf1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i2.3214

Background: The Idiopathic Vocal Cord Adductor Paralysis (KAKVI) is the inability of muscle that moves the vocalist notochord to medial in phonation time with the idiopathic. This condition might has impact to the emerge of hoarse voice and other lamentations which are related to the voice production. The conventional voice therapy still show the number of the recovery of low dysphonia. Method: The diagnosis of KAKVI is based on the anamnesis, physical check up, thorax photograph and laryngoscopy fiberoptic and is conducted the measurement of vocalist cord adductor muscular construction strength before the BF voice therapy with equipments. Then, the BF voice therapy is conducted twice a week for four weeks. The voice exercise is continued in home once a day by patients themselves. The measurement of the strength of vocalist cord adductor muscle contraction is conducted after the BF voice therapy. Results: The result of the study revealed that there were KAKVI. The result of adductor muscular contraction strength with statistic examination in a short test is p = 0,044. . The result of statistic examination of long a is p=0,000. . The result of statistic test of count test is p=0,000. Therefore, the change of adductor muscular contraction strength on KAKVI after the BF voice therapy is found a significant increase (p < 0,05). Conclusion: This study revealed that there are an increase of adductor muscular contraction strength in KAKVI after the BF voice therapy.

The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Tracheostomal Stenosis Following Total Laryngectomy Muhtarum Yusuf; Sofia Tiarini
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14822

Background: Tracheostomal stenosis (TS) following total laryngectomy is relatively common in patientsand a distressing complication with major effects on patient rehabilitation it affected 4-44% of patientsfollowing total laryngectomy worldwide. Various etiological factors and some risks have been indicated ascontributing to the onset of stenosis.Purpose: We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of tracheostomy stenosis following totallaryngectomyMethod: Tracheostomal stenosis was defined as respiratory insufficiency at rest or during exercise, difficultyin tracheal clearance due to non laminar flow, or both. Eighty data of patients were enrolled in this studyconsisting of 76 male (95.0%) and 4 females (5.0%). Baseline characteristics (BL) stage of cancer (SC), typeof surgery (TS), the onset of stenosis following surgery (OS) and risk factors (RF) from each patient wererecorded and analyzed using a pre-installed statistic software.Result: The overall prevalence of tracheostomal stenosis was 13.8% (11 of 80 patients). The prevalence andrisk factors of tracheostomal stenosis following total laryngectomy consisted of 7 hypertrophic scar patients(63.3%), 2 infection patients (18.12), and 1 radiotherapy and peristomal fat patient (9.01), respectively.Conclusion: Out of eighty patients, eleven patients indicates the characters of tracheostomal stenosisusing the bevel technique. The most common etiological factor is hypertrophic scar, followed by infection,radiotherapy and peristomal fat.

PROFIL PENDERITA DIFTERI YANG DIRAWAT YANG DIRAWAT DI RUANG ISOLASI KHUSUS RSUD Dr. SOETOMO SURABAYA Sarah Izdihar; Muhtarum Yusuf; Meisy Andriana
Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala Vol 19, No 2 (2019): Volume 19 Nomor 2 Agustus 2019
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jks.v19i2.18060

Abstrak. Latar Belakang: Difteri adalah penyakit menular mematikan yang dapat menjadi peristiwa luar biasa yang disebabkan oleh Corynebacterium diphtheria. Kasus difteri di Indonesia meningkat dan yang terbesar di Jawa Timur terutama di Surabaya pada tahun 2017 tergolong tinggi karena rendahnya cakupan imunisasi difteri. Difteri rongga mulut (tonsil-faring-laring) adalah yang paling sering (90%). Populasi risiko tinggi biasanya anak-anak yang tidak diimunisasi atau daerah dengan cakupan imunisasi DPT3 dan DT yang rendah. Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi difteri di Surabaya. Metode dan Materi: Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan total sampling. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 82. Data dikumpulkan melalui buku catatan Ruang Isolasi Khusus RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya dan rekam medis elektronik. Hasil: Dari 82 sampel, distribusi responden menunjukkan bahwa kelompok jenis kelamin tertinggi adalah pria (64,63%), Usia didominasi oleh 0-5 tahun (46,34%) dan 6-11 tahun (34,14%), Pendidikan terakhir terbanyak adalah SD (24,39%), dan kota terbanyak adalah Surabaya (56,09%). Status imunisasi DPT terbanyak adalah tidak lengkap (63,41%), lokasi difteri terbanyak di tonsil (92,68%), terapi terbanyak yaitu penisilin procain 92,68%. Simpulan: difteri terbanyak didapatkan pada usia 0-11 tahun, berjenis kelamin laki-laki, mayoritas bertempat tinggal Surabaya, tingkat pendidikan terbanyak SD, status imunisasi DPT terbanyak adalah tidak lengkap, lokasi difteri terbanyak tonsil, jenis terapi terbanyak penisilin procain. Kata Kunci: Difteri, Tonsil, Imunisasi Abstract. Background: Diphtheria is a deadly infectious disease that can be an extraordinary event caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria. Diphtheria cases in Indonesia increased and the largest in East Java, especially in Surabaya in 2017 was classified as high due to the low coverage of diphtheria immunization. Diphtheria of the oral cavity (tonsils-pharynx-larynx) is the most frequent ( 90%). High risk populations are usually children who are not immunized or areas with low DPT3 and DT immunization coverage. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence diphtheria in Surabaya. Material and Methods: The type of research is a retrospective descriptive study using total sampling. The research sample was 82. The data was collected through the Special Isolation Room Dr. RS. Soetomo Surabaya and electronic medical records. Results: From 82 samples, showed that the highest gender group was male (64.63%), age was dominated by 0-5 years (46.34%) and 6-11 years (34.14%), the most recent education was SD (24.39%), and most cities are Surabaya (56.09%). Most DPT immunization status is incomplete (63.41%), most diphtheria locations in tonsils (92.68%), the most therapy is penicillin procain 92.68%. Conclusio: Diphtheria is found at the age of 0-11 years, male sex, the majority lives in Surabaya, the highest level of education is elementary school, most DPT immunization status is incomplete, the location of the most diphtheria tonsils, the most type of therapy is penicillin procain.Keyword: Diphtheria, Tonsils, Immunization

Studi Retrospektif: Profil Penggunaan Obat Analgesik pada Pasien Pascatonsilektomi di Departemen SMF THT-KL RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Tahun 2015-2016 Tha'atam Mardhiyah; Maulydia Muhamad Cholid; Muhtarum Yusuf
JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia) Vol 13, No 1 (2021): Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jai.v13i1.16884

Latar Belakang: Nyeri merupakan keluhan yang umum terjadi pada hari pertama pascatonsilektomi dan merupakan hambatan yang signifikan dalam proses rehabilitasi. Pemberian analgesik yang dimulai sejak hari pertama pascatonsilektomi dapat meringankan nyeri. Peneliti melakukan pengamatan terhadap profil penggunaan obat analgesik pada pasien pascatonsilektomi di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.Tujuan: Mengetahui profil penggunaan obat analgesik dalam penanganan nyeri pada pasien pascatonsilektomi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan retrospektif deskriptif dengan mengamati profil pemberian obat analgesik berdasarkan golongan obat analgesik terbanyak, analgesik tunggal dan kombinasi, analgesik awal dan lanjutan, berdasarkan kelompok umur anak dan dewasa dan cara pemberian. Penelitian juga akan meliputi sosiodemografi (jenis kelamin dan umur) pasien dan tingkatan nyeri setelah pemberian analgesik.Hasil: Dari 28 sampel, kelompok analgesik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah pyazolon (metamizol, antrain) (51,3%), sedangkan pada terapi kombinasi didominasi tramadol dengan ketorolak (33,3%). Sebanyak delapan pasien (28,6%) dari total 28 pasien menerima analgesik lanjutan dari jenis lain. Metamizol adalah obat yang paling banyak digunakan untuk pasien anak-anak (57,7%), sedangkan pada pasien dewasa didominasi ketorolak (50%).Kesimpulan: Pemberian metamizol masih menjadi pilihan dalam penanganan nyeri pascatonsilektomi, diikuti oleh ketorolak yang paling diberikan kepada pasien dewasa. Terdapat juga kombinasi tramadol dengan ketorolak yang menjadi pilihan pada terapi multimodal. Jalur pemberian analgesik dengan rute intravena paling banyak dilakukan pada penanganan nyeri pascatonsilektomi.

Correlation between Cell Proliferation with Cervical Lymphoid Node Status in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Puguh Setyo Nugroho; Muhtarum Yusuf; Titiek Ahadiyah Hidayati
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 57 No. 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Several studies showed that the index of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell growth could be used to assess the carcinogenesis interaction factor, development and prognosis of NPC. Cell proliferation index could always be assessed with Ki-67 protein expression test. This research was conducted to study the correlation between cell proliferation index with cervical lymphoid node status in NPC in clinical manifestation to asses the progressivity and prognosis on NPC patients. This study used cross sectional design. Biopsy tissue specimen were acquired from 35 NPC patients clinically divided into four criteria of cervical lymphoid node status (N0, N1, N2 and N3). Expression of Ki-67 protein was acquired by immunohistochemistry test using monoclonal rabbit antibody anti-human Ki-67 clone 901-325-091911 (Biocare Medical, LCC. 4040 Pike Line, CA 94520 USA). The measurement of Ki-67 protein was conducted by pathology consultant. Spearman statistic test was performed to asses the correlation between Ki-67 protein expression and cervical lymphoid node status. The statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Positive expression of Ki-67 protein was found in 33 patients; 4 patients with N0 (11.43%), 5 patients with N1 (14.29%), 9 patients with N2 (25.71%), and 15 patients with N3. Negative expression of Ki-67 protein was found in 2 patients with N0 (5.71%). The Spearman test resulted at p=0.0001 with correlation coefficient of 0.758. The correlation between Ki-67 protein expression with cervical lymphoid node resulted in a significant correlation (p<0.05). In conclusion, cell proliferation index has correlation with cervical lymphoid node status in NPC patients.

The Profile of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Patients at Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Surabaya Indonesia Ami Pratami Munifah1 , Rizka Fathoni Perdana1 , Sri Herawati Juniati1, Muhtarum Yusuf1 , Erni Rosita
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 4 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i4.12293

Introduction: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a collection of symptoms due to gastric contents orgastroduodenal backflow reflux fluid. The prevalence of LPR is very difficult to determine because of thelimitations of the gold standard and the considerable variation in LPR symptoms.Aim: to determine the profile of laryngopharyngeal reflection patientsMethod: This research used analytic retrospectively, the data obtained from the medical record of outpatientunit of the Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Outpatient Unit, Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital. Thedata obtained in the study are displayed in tables and analyzed descriptively. The research sample was takenaccording total sampling from January 2017 to December 2018 who met the inclusion criteria.Result: 42 samples met the requirements. 64.29% patient were female and 35.71% were male with themajority of patient was patient was 41-50 years old (26.19%). Most of the comorbidities had a history ofGERD about 76.2%. The mean of the reflux symptom index score performed was 18.38, with a standarddeviation of ± 8.01 and the reflux findings scores was 9.11, with a standard deviation of ± 4.25. The mostfrequent complaints experience was frequent mucus or clearing of the throat (90.48%) and the most frequentfinding in laryngeal endoscopy was erythema/hyperemia (88.1%).Conclusion: Profiles of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux were mostly female with age between 41and 50 years old. The main complaint of the throat felt blocked, and the most comorbidities were GERD.

Pattern of Perioperative Antibiotic Use in Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery at Third Referral Hospital In Surabaya Nabilah Puspa Utami; Dyah Fauziah; Muhtarum Yusuf
Biomolecular and Health Science Journal Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020): Biomolecular and Health Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bhsj.v3i1.19196

Introduction: Surgical site infection (SSI) often occurs in operation. SSI frequently only affects the superficial tissues, but some more serious infections can affect the deeper tissues or other parts of the body. The majority of SSIs become apparent within 30 days of an operative procedure, when a prosthetic implant is used, SSI may occur several months after the operation. To minimize surgical site infection occurrence, prophylaxis antibiotic is often used. The aim of the study is to evaluate the use of perioperative antibiotics for otorhinolaryngology surgery in third referral hospital in Surabaya.Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional method through the medical record of patients cases from December 2017 to January 2018. All data about sex, age, diagnosis, wound classification, surgical intervention including ICD 9 CM codes, and antibiotics regiments are presented descriptively.Results: Of total 68 patients, 42 (61.8%) were male and 46 (61.8%) were aged 18-65 years old. The most common type of operation was clean surgery 52 (76.5%). The most common prophylactic antibiotic was cefazoline 25 (96.6%). Conclusion: Most of the performed surgery was clean surgery. The use of perioperative antibiotics in most performed operations was in accordance with existing literature. The most widely used prophylactic and therapeutic antibiotic was cefazoline and ceftriaxone, respectively. Further research about risk factor of SSI, the use of prophylaxis antibiotic, and bacterial profile with more samples is needed for more accurate results.

Adherence of NSAID Administration in Patients with Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya Finna Permata Putri; Agus Turchan; Nurmawati Fatimah; Muhtarum Yusuf
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V12I22021.94-97

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has a concerning incidence rate. One of the therapies for patients with TBI is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) administration as an analgesic with proper adherence to achieve optimal therapy results. This research aimed to evaluate physicians’ NSAID administration adherence in patients with mild and moderate TBI in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya.Methods: This was an observational descriptive study with a retrospective design. NSAID administration adherence was graded by evaluating the dose, route, frequency, and interval of NSAID administration. The variables were evaluated by observing the medical records of inpatients with mild and moderate TBI from 1 January to 31 December 2018.Results: NSAIDs used for TBI management were metamizole, paracetamol, mefenamic acid, and ketorolac. Metamizole was administered in 10 patients (34.5%), paracetamol in 1 patient (3.4%), metamizole and paracetamol in 15 patients (51.7%), metamizole and mefenamic acid in 1 patient (3.4%), metamizole and paracetamol with mefenamic acid in 1 patient (3.4%), and metamizole and ketorolac in 1 patient (3.4%). Adherence of paracetamol, mefenamic acid, and ketorolac administration in patients with mild and moderate TBI were well-administered in every evaluated variable. Metamizole administration’s adherence was already well-administered in drug dosage and drug administration route, but it was not well-administered in drug administration interval and frequency.Conclusion: Physicians’ adherence to NSAID administration in patients with mild and moderate TBI in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya was well-administered, except for metamizole.

Asosiasi antara mutasi gen p16 dengan tipe histopatologi karsinoma nasofaring Muhtarum Yusuf; Sabilarrusydi Sabilarrusydi; Mansur Shidiq Wiyadi
Oto Rhino Laryngologica Indonesiana Vol 47, No 1 (2017): Volume 47, No. 1 January - June 2017
Publisher : PERHATI-KL

Latar belakang: Pertumbuhan tumor dan metastasis penderita karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) yangdiduga karena peran beberapa biomarker molekular, dapat diidentifikasi dari spesimen tumor penderitaKNF. Inaktivasi gen p16 akibat mutasi gen p16 dapat digunakan sebagai indikator prognosis dan strategipemberian terapi yang lebih baik pada penderita KNF.Tujuan: Membuktikan asosiasi antara mutasi genp16 dengan tipe histopatologi KNF.Metode: Bahan biopsi dibagi menjadi 2 bagian untuk pemeriksaanhistopatologi dan polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Tipe histopatologi diketahui dari 21 tumor KNFdengan melakukan pengecatan hematoksilin eosin jaringan secara Meyer, terbagi 3 yaitu WHO tipe 1,tipe 2 dan tipe 3. Mutasi gen p16 diperiksa dari jaringan tumor primer KNF dengan PCR, menggunakanmesin Gene Touch Bioneer, dan sekuensing dengan mesin ABI PRISM 310. Analisis statistik menggunakanuji Spearman.Hasil: Didapati sebanyak 21 penderita KNF sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Diketahuisebanyak 19 penderita KNF (90,48%) mengalami mutasi gen p16 negatif. Sebanyak 2 penderita KNF(9,52%) mengalami mutasi gen p16 positif dengan histopatologi WHO tipe 3. Hasil uji Spearmanmendapatkan nilai p=0,568 dan koefisien korelasi sebesar –0,132. Asosiasi antara mutasi gen p16 dengantipe histopatologi (WHO tipe 1, 2, dan 3) pada penderita KNF didapatkan hasil yang tidak bermakna(p>0,05).Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat asosiasi antara mutasi gen p16 dengan tipe histopatologi KNF.Hal tersebut mungkin oleh karena insidens mutasi gen p16 yang rendah dan faktor etnis.Kata kunci: Karsinoma nasofaring, mutasi gen p16, tipe histopatologi ABSTRACTBackground: Tumor growth and metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients whichwere presumed caused by the roles of several molecular biomarkers, could be identified in tumor specimensof NPC patients. P16 gene inactivation that was caused by mutation, can be used as an indicator ofprognosis and as strategy for better therapy in NPC. Purpose: To identify the association between p16 genemutation with type of histopathology NPC. Methods: Biopsy specimens were divided for histopathologyexamination and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Type of histopathology was obtained from 21 NPCtumors by Meyer’s hematoxillin eosin staining, and divided into three types, WHO type 1, type 2 andtype 3. The mutation of p16 gene were identified with PCR from primary tumor tissues by using Bioneertermal cycler machine, and sequencing was performed by ABI PRISM 310. Spearman test was used forstatistical analysis. Results: We found 21 NPC patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.There were 19 (90.48%) NPC patients which had negative mutation of p16 gene. There were 2 NPCpatients (9.52%) who had positive mutation of p16 gene, with histopathology WHO type 3. Spearmantest results showed P=0.568 with a correlation coefficient –0.132. Association of mutation of p16 genewith histopathology type (WHO type 1, 2, 3) in NPC patients was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion:There was no association found in our study between mutation of p16 gene and histopathological typeof nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It might be caused by low incidence of gene p16 mutation in NPC, andethnic factor.Keywords: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, mutation of p16 gene, histopathology type

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