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Cryptic Species from Biodiversity Hotspot: Estimation of Decapoda on Dead Coral Head Pocillopora in Raja Ampat Papua Eka Maya Kurniasih; Andrianus Sembiring; Ni Putu Dian Pertiwi; Aji Wahyu Anggoro; Ni Kadek Dita Cahyani; Muhammad Dailami; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Christopher P. Meyer
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 25, No 1 (2020): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (404.259 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.25.1.1-6

Abstract

Cryptic organisms that live within the interstices of reef habitats contribute significantly to coral reef biodiversity. One example of this cryptic biodiversity is the high abundance of decapods in dead coral heads that associated with various biota. However, this diversity poorly studied especially species identification and species richness. This study aims to estimate the decapods diversity in Raja Ampat, Papua, using Pocillopora dead coral head method as semi-quantitative sampling approach. Raja Ampat in Papua is chosen because it situated in the center of Coral Triangle marine hotspot. Data were collected from 10 dead coral heads of genus Pocillopora from 10-meter depth near the islands of Kri and Misool. This study observed a total of 205 individuals Decapoda from Kri Island and 672 Individual from Misool Islands. Species richness observation (Chao1 and ACE) of the total samples reports only 11 families of decapoda detected in this study. Rarefaction curve reach an asymptote after all after all ten dead coral were analyzed; indicating that additional sample collection would not change estimates of diversity found in this study. The Shannon-Wiener index diversity on the Kri Island showed lower diversity value (2.09) compared to Misool Island (2.18). In the future, this research can be used as a basis for understanding the diversity of coral reefs as well as for management and conservation of coral reef ecosystems.
Bioecology of coral reef in Panjang Island of Central Java Indonesia Suryono Suryono; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Munasik Munasik; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Raden Ario; Ibnu Pratikto; Nur Taufiq-Spj; Syahrial V. Canavaro; Tiara Anggita; Bayu Kreshna Adhitya Sumarto; Justin Cullen
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2021): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.26.2.125-134

Abstract

Coral reefs currently are suffered from natural factors along with increasing anthropogenic activity. Panjang Island, a small reef island located in Jepara Regency, may also be experiencing such conditions. Therefore, this work was aimed to observe the condition of the coral cover of Panjang Island. Line intercept transect was applied to survey the coral cover and mortality index from fourteen stations. Insitu data consisted of the bottom substrate composition of the reefs and the physical parameters of the sea. The secondary data, i.e. coral reef area maps from 2001 to 2019 were taken from Landsat Image 7 and 8, data of wind were obtained from www.ogimet.com, while tidal data were collected from BMKG. The bathymetry was determined from the Geospatial Information Agency data, salinity global analysis forecast Phy 001.024 (CMEMS). Sea surface temperature (SST), and chlorophyll-a distribution were analyzed using ENVI software. The result showed that Panjang Island has a poor to the moderate condition of hard coral.  Two out of six categories of abiotic and dead coral were found to be high. The mortality index of coral was in the high category (average 0.52). During research periods the sea waters were characterized by high sea surface temperature (29.34-30.94°C), chlorophyll-a was also tended to be high (0-2.65 mg.m-3), and an average of salinity was high 32 ‰. The weak currents came to all sides of the island, therefore the coral reef was not exposed to extreme currents. The waves came from the east, then the energy decreases after being blocked by coral reefs on the eastern side of the island, so that coral reefs in the northeast and south sides were safer to be exposed. The results suggest that hydrodynamic ecology directly or indirectly affected the percentage of coral cover and mortality index at the reefs of Panjang Island.
Potential Bacterial Symbion of Sea Urchin As a Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Antibacterial Agent Against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli Bacteria Suzana Kristy Satriani Fofied; Agus Sabdono; Diah Permata Wijayanti
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 3 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (415.059 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.23.3.131-136

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are pathogenic bacteria agent of many human diseases. Those bacteria infect in various levels and also been antibiotic resistants. Bacterial resistance has become a serious global problem. The purposes of this study were to isolate and identify the symbiotic bacteria of the Sea Urchin that have an antibacterial activity of the Strain Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Sea Urchin was taken from Panjang island, Jepara Indonesia at 2-3 m depth. The symbiotic bacteria were isolated from Sea Urchin by using dilution method and spread plate method. Phenotypic characteristics was observed on colony shape, color and texture of growing bacteria. While the streak method was used to purify bacterial symbion. The antibacterial activity test was performed using overlay method. The results showed that 3 out of 37 isolates have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The BB.03.35 isolate was selected for molecular identification due to the largest inhibitory zone diameter. The sequence of this bacterium showed 97% homology and closely related to Pseudoalteromonas flavipulchra.
Is genetic involve in the outcomes of contact reactions between parent and offspring and between siblings of the coral Pocillopora damicornis? Diah Permata Wijayanti; Michio Hidaka
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 2 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (761.325 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.23.2.69-80

Abstract

Various allogeneic responses have been characterized in stony corals. The responses were thought to be genetically control. However, very little is known about the genetic mechanism of allorecognition in corals. Therefore, the contact reaction between parent-offspring and between siblings of the coral Pocillopora damicornis has been studied. Three types of contact reactions were observed: between young colonies, between adult and young colonies, and between adult colonies.  Siblings, which were primary polyps or young colonies derived from the same broodparent, invariably fused. All but one pair of parent-offspring grafts exhibited fusion. However, some pairs of young colonies derived from the same two broodparents showed a different contact response than did the broodparents when their branch tips were paired. When the same pairs of the young colonies were repeated to contact at different age, most pairs yielded the same results. Together with the findings that young colonies were able to recognize their partner less than 1 month after the initial contact, we suggest that contact reaction in coral and time needed for the stable reaction are most probably under genetic control. Keywords: coral, young colonies, reproduction, parent-offspring relationship, histocompatibility 
Settlement and Metamorphosis of Coral Planulae Incubated with Commercial Peptide Hym-248 at Different Age (Penempelan dan metamorfosis planula karang yang diinkubasi peptida komersial Hym 248 pada umur berbeda) Mea Pradnawati; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 19, No 1 (2014): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (423.409 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.19.1.11-18

Abstract

Keberhasilan pemeliharaan planula karang membutuhkan dorongan pada planula untuk menempel pada substrat. Neuropeptida komersial Hym-248 diketahui mampu mendorong planula untuk menempel. Waktu pemberian peptida mempengaruhi penempelan dan metamorfosis planula. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan penempelan dan metamorfosis planula karang yang diberi peptida Hym-248 pada usia 1 hari dengan planula karang yang diberi peptida Hym-248 pada usia 6 hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan slick (kumpulan gamet yang dilepaskan koloni karang dari berbagai spesies yang melakukan spawning serentak) yang berasal dari perairan Pulau Sambangan, Kepulauan Karimunjawa. Planula diberi Hym-248 dengan konsentrasi 1×10-7 M dan 1×10-5 M untuk planula umur enam hari dan 1×10-7 M, 1×10-6 M,  dan 1×10-5 M untuk planula umur satu hari. Planula yang diberi Hym-248 pada usia 1 hari sudah mulai menempel pada jam ke-4 dan mulai bermetamorfosis pada jam ke-120, sedangkan planula yang diberi Hym-248 pada usia 6 hari tidak mengalami penempelan dan metamorfosis sama sekali hingga akhir penelitian. Keberhasilan menempel tertinggi terjadi pada planula yang diberi Hym-248 dengan konsentrasi 1×10-6 M sebanyak 5.83% pada jam ke-192. Penempelan dan metamorfosis planula dari slick yang diberi Hym-248 pada usia 1 hari lebih baik dari planula yang diberi Hym-248 pada usia 6 hari. Penelitian ini memberi harapan untuk memproduksi benih karang secara masal menggunakan benah yang berasal dari reproduksi seksual. Kata kunci: penempelan, metamorfosis, planula karang, slick, Hym-248 The success of coral planulae rearing needs stimulant for planulae to attach onto substrate. Commercial neuropeptide Hym-248 is known to induce planulae to metamorphose and settle. The timing to add peptide affects planulae attachment and metamorphosis. This research was aimed to describe the difference of  settlement and metamorphosis in coral planulae added Hym-248 at the age of 1 day and 6 days. This research used a slick, egg-spem bundles released from multi-specific spawning corals. The study conducted at Sambangan Island, Karimunjawa Islands. Planulae were added with Hym-248 at concentration of 1×10-7 M and 1×10-5 M for 6 days old planulae and 1×10-7 M, 1×10-6 M,  and 1×10-5 M for 1 day old planulae. The highest settlement rate was observed on the planulae treated with 1×10-6 M dose of Hym-248 at 144th hour with percentage of settled planulae was 32.08%. However, only 5.83% were metamorphosed after 60 hrs observation. One day old planulae incubated with Hym-248 started to attach at 4th hour and metamorphosed at 120th hour, whereas none of 6 days planulae attach or metamorphose until the end of the experiment. This study suggested that incubated planulae in Hym-248 media will give a better result when planulae are at one day old. This study highlight the possibility to produce mass-seedling colonies using sexually derived planulae. Keywords: settlement, metamorphosis, coral planulae, slick, Hym-248
Composition of Juvenile Corals on Different Morphotypes of Substrate at Karimunjawa Archipelago, Indonesia Munasik Munasik; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Retno Hartati; Rudi Pribadi; Yoko Nozawa
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 21, No 4 (2016): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (578.083 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.21.4.185-190

Abstract

Patterns of coral recruitment are partially explained by fitness consequences of substrate selection, and may be affected by substrate morphology. This study examined juvenile coral assemblages on morphologically different dead coral substrate in shallow water reefs (4-5 m) at Karimunjawa Island, Java Sea (Indonesia). Surveys on juvenile corals were performed using 0.5×0.5 m transects on two different morphotypes of natural substrate; tabular dead corals (stable) and branching dead corals (unstable). Results showed that the morphological characteristics of dead coral substrate had a significant influence on the generic composition of juvenile corals. Coral recruits on tabular dead coral substrate (stable) which composed micro-cervices was more diverse than on branching dead coral substrate (unstable). Juvenile corals of the genus Acropora were dominant on (exposed microhabitats of) tabular dead coral substrate, while those of the genus Fungia and Montipora were dominant on (cryptic microhabitats of) branching dead coral substrate. These results suggest that Acroporid juveniles can besettled to the various morphotypes of the substrate, thus the distribution pattern of juvenile corals in shallow reef Karimunjawa may correlate with the distribution pattern of natural substrates.Keywords: juvenile, microhabitat, dead coral, substrate Karimunjawa Archipelago
Are Zooxanthellae Really Sensitive? Response of Zooxanthellae Size Exposed to Several Pollutants Ambariyanto Ambariyanto; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Munasik Munasik; Puji Eka Purnama; Mu’alimah Hudatwi; Ni Made Ernawati; Alferd Y. Ko'ou
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 23, No 1 (2018): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (320.935 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.23.1.19-24

Abstract

Pollution is one of the important issues faced by marine resources including zooxanthellae, which is known to be very sensitive to environmental changes. Some pollutants have been reported to have adverse effects on zooxanthellae, however, their sensitivity in regards to changes on cell size of these algae has not been widely explored. This study examined the effects of pollutants on the sensitivity of zooxanthellae through changes in size. Zooxanthellae were isolated from corals Porites lutea, Acropora aspera, and Montipora digitata collected from Panjang Island, Jepara, Indonesia. These algae were exposed to pollutants i.e. heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb) and nutrients (ammonium and phosphate) at concentrations of 5,10,15 ppb and 5,10,15 μM, respectively. Zooxanthellae size were measured five hours after pollutants exposure. The results showed that all treatments reduced the size of zooxanthellae. Algae isolated from P. lutea are the least affected by pollutants and the highest percentage cell size reduction was found in phosphate treatment. However, reduction on the size of algae were not statistically significant. These results indicate that in relation to reduction in the size, zooxanthellae are not sensitive to pollutants. Keywords: Zooxanthellae, pollutants, sensitivity, size reduction
Laju Pertumbuhan dan Kelulushidupan Transplan Spons Amphimedon sp. (Growth and Survival of Sponge Amphimedon sp. Transplants) Agus Trianto; Radisya N Nissa; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Azis Rifai; Dwi Haryo Ismunarti; Destio .
ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences Vol 18, No 4 (2013): Ilmu Kelautan
Publisher : Marine Science Department Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (199.274 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/ik.ijms.18.4.225-230

Abstract

Spons adalah salah satu sumber bahan hayati laut yang potensial. spons Amphimedon sp. terbukti memiliki potensi sebagai senyawa bioaktif anti kanker. Namun, pemanfaatan spons dari alam akan memberikan dampak yang buruk terhadap lingkungan, khususnya populasi organisme tersebut. Melalui budidaya spons dapat diaplikasikan untuk menyediakan bahan bioaktif dalam jumlah yang cukup secara berkesinambungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui laju pertumbuhan dan tingkat kelulushidupan spons Amphimedon sp. yang dibudidayakan melalui transplantasi secara in situ di perairan Pulau Panjang, Jepara, Jawa Tengah. Spons ditransplantasikan pada perairan laut dengan jarak 6 m dan 1 m dari dasar, dengan 2 ukuran awal eksplan (3cm x 3cm x 1,5cm dan 6cm x 6cm x 1,5cm). Laju pertumbuhan dihitung berdasarkan pertambahan volume eksplan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran awal eksplan memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan. Sebaliknya, perbedaan kedalaman tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap laju pertumbuhan spons. Laju pertumbuhan eksplan spons Amphimedon sp berkisar 3,01±1,60 cm3.hari-1 sampai dengan 3,43±1,08 cm3.hari-1. Kelulushidupan eksplan spons mencapai 100%. Hasil ini menegaskan bahwa untuk usaha budidaya spons sebaiknya menggunakan ukuran awal eksplan besar. Disamping itu perairan Pulau Panjang terbukti memiliki perairan yang sesuai untuk budidaya spons. Kata kunci: akuakultur, eksplan, spons, bahan bioaktif  Sponge is known as important marine natural product sources. Sponge Amphimedon sp. has been proven to have anticancer substances. However, direct exploitation of sponge from nature will give a bad impact to the marine environment. Sponge aquaculture can be applied for sufficiently and sustainably supply of bioactive compounds. In order to obtain data on growth and survival rates of transplanted sponge Amphimedon sp. in Panjang Island-Jepara waters, this in situ research was conducted. The sponges were explanted  at 6 m and 1 m above the sea floor with two initial approximate size (3cm x 3cm x 1.5cm and 6cm x 6cm x 1.5cm). The growth rate was indicated by volumetric increment. The results showed that initial explants size gave a significant effect on the growth rates of the sponge. On the other hand, two different depths of culture did not give significant effect. The explant growth rates range from 3.01±1.60 cm3.day-1 to  3.43±1.08 cm3.day-1. Survival rate of the sponge during the experiment was 100%. This result confirms that for the cultivation of sponges should use larger explants initial size. It also suggests that Panjang Island water has proven suitable for sponges cultivation activities. Keywords: aquaculture, explant, sponges, bioactive substance
Pasang Surut, Arus dan Gelombang Berdasarkan Data Pengukuran Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler di Perairan Pulau Cilik, Karimunjawa Elis Indrayanti; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Hendry Syahputra Ropinus Siagian
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 9, No 1 (2020): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (726.734 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v9i1.29065

Abstract

Pulau Cilik merupakan gugusan pulau di Karimunjawa yang menjadi salah satu destinasi wisata bahari di Indonesia. Perairan ini kaya akan terumbu karang dan ikan berwarna-warni dengan  tutupan karang hidup yang masih tinggi. Proses hidrodinamika seperti pasang surut, arus laut dan gelombang laut secara langsung maupun tidak langsung berpengaruh terhadap kondisi terumbu karang, oleh karena itu penelitian ini perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik pasang surut, arus laut dan gelombang berdasarkan data pengukuran Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) di Perairan Pulau Cilik, Karimunjawa. Pengukuran dilaksanakan selama 7x24 jam dengan interval waktu 600 dt dan sample rate 300 dt. Posisi ADCP pada -5.8177°S  dan 110.5096°E. Kedalaman total pengukuran 14 m dengan kedalaman aktif pengukuran 12 m, yang terbagi menjadi 6 lapisan kedalaman yaitu 2 m, 4 m, 6 m, 8 m, 10 m, dan 12 m.  Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa Perairan Pulau Cilik, Karimunjawa memiliki tipe pasang surut campuran condong harian tunggal dengan nilai formzahl sebesar 2.55. Kecepatan arus bervariasi dengan rata-rata pada seluruh lapisan antara 5.57–6.35 cm/dt, sedangkan arahnya bi-directional yaitu memiliki dua muka arah (timur dan barat-barat daya). Tinggi dan periode gelombang yang didapatkan pada saat pengamatan relatif kecil. Cilik Island Waters in Karimunjawa is one of the marine tourism destinations in Indonesia. These waters are rich in coral reefs and colorful fish with high live coral cover. Hydrodynamic processes as tides, ocean currents, and waves influence the performance of coral reef through direct or indirect effects. Therefore this research needs to be done. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of tides, ocean currents, and waves based on Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurement data in Cilik Island Waters, Karimunjawa. Measurements were carried out for 7 x 24 hours (2 April 2017 - 9 April 2017) with a time interval of 600 s and a sample rate of 300 s. The ADCP position is -5.8177 ° S and 110.5096 ° E. The total depth is 14 m with an actual measurement depth of 12 m, which is divided into 6 layers of depth namely 2 m, 4 m, 6 m, 8 m, 10 m, and 12 m. Result shown that  Cilik Island, Karimunjawa, have a single mixed daily tidal type with a formzahl value of 2.55. Current velocity varies with the average in all layers between 5.57-6.35 cm/s, while the direction is bi-directional, which has two faces (east and west-southwest). The height and wave period obtained at the time of observation are relatively small. 
STUDI FILOGENETIK IKAN KARANG GENUS PSEUDOCHROMIS DAN PICTICHROMIS DI PERAIRAN INDO-PASIFIK Analis Finansi Twindiko; Diah Permata Wijayanti; Ambariyanto Ambariyanto
Buletin Oseanografi Marina Vol 2, No 3 (2013): Buletin Oseanografi Marina
Publisher : Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (618.873 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/buloma.v2i3.6948

Abstract

Indo-Pasifik merupakan kawasan perairan yang memiliki keanekaragaman yang tinggi. Salah satu keanekaragaman tertinggi di perairan Indo-pasifik adalah spesies ikan karang. Pseudocrhomis adalah salah satu spesies ikan karang yang tersebar luas di seluruh perairan Indo-Pasifik. Di dalam suatu kawasanyang memiliki keanekaragaman jenis melimpah, terdapat banyak spesiesyang bersaing untuksumber daya yang terbatas dalam bertahan hidup. Perbedaan kondisi lingkungan dapat mengakibatkan terjadinya perubahan karakter morfologi, anatomi dan filogenetik dari suatu populasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekerabatan Genus ikan Pseudochromis di sebagian perairan Indo-Pasifik dengan melihat perbedaan kedalaman dan perbedaan warna. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksploratif. Sedangkan untuk analisis molekuler melalui ekstraksi DNA dilanjutkan dengan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), elektroforesis, sekuensing dan yang analisis filogenetik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pohon tersebut terbagi dalam lima clade dengan jarak genetik terdekat 0% dan jarak genetik terjauh 16,4%. Perbedaan kedalaman dan warna pada ikan tersebut tidak terlalu signifikan sebagai petunjuk dalam menentukan spesies baru.   Kata Kunci : Pseudochromis, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Pohon Filogenetik, Lokus 16S, Lokus Control Region