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Pengaruh Ekstrak Limbah Kulit Buah Nanas Cayenne dalam Menurunkan Jumlah Bakteri Coli pada Proses Desinfeksi Air Bersih P. Irawan, H. Djoko Windu; Karno, Karno; Jayadi, Hurip
Widya Warta No. 01 Tahun XXXVIII / Januari 2014
Publisher : Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Kampus Kota Madiun

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Abstract

The aim of this research is to know closely the effects of the extract of pineapple peels cayenne in killing the bacteria Eschericia coli in the disinfection process of fresh water. The variations of dosages in the research were as follows: treatment 1 : 1000 ml of sampling water intervened by 100 ml of extract of pineapple peels cayenne; treatment 2 : 1000 ml of sampling water intervened by 250 ml of extract of pineapple peels cayenne; treatment 3 : 1000 ml of sampling water intervened by 500 ml of extract of pineapple peels cayenne. The control was sampling water without any intervene of the extract. Each treatment was observed to see the effects of the extract in killing the bacteria Eschericia coli. The result of the literary study, field test, and laboratory test showed the characteristics of extract of pineapple peels cayenne pH : 3,86, the temperature : 29,4 ºC, the humidity : 74,8%, the total sum of acid : 1,71%, organic acid : 0,585, protein : 0,42% and enzyme bromelin : 0.050 – 0.075 unit/ml. The close estimation indicated the total sum of bacteria Eschericia coli in the treatment 1 : 104,6 per 100 ml; in the treatment 2 : 47 per 100 m; in the treatment 3 : 17 per  100 ml, and in the control group : > 2400 per 100 ml. In the treatments 2 and 3 the quality of bacteriology of sampling water already fulfilled the standard of quality as stated in The Regulation of The Health Ministry of Indonesia (Permenkes RI) no. 416/Menkes/Per/IX/1990 about The Standard of Quality of fresh water and drinking water that requires the maximum contents of Eschericia coli = 50 per 100 ml on non-plumbing water. The statistical result of Kruskal Walls Test and t-test proved that there were some effects and different effects among the variations of dosages of the pineapple peels extract cayenne in killing the bacteria Eschericia coli.
Effective Microorganism (EM) from Modified Bioinoculant to Increase Biogas Quantity Karno, Karno; Suyanto, Beny; Nurweni, Susi
Health Notions Vol 1 No 3 (2017): July-September 2017
Publisher : Humanistic Network for Science and Technology (Address: Cemara street 25, Ds/Kec Sukorejo, Ponorogo, East Java, Indonesia 63453)

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Abstract

The result of the study can be implemented by, of and for the community, as a renewable energy substitution for LPG easily and in reasonable prize
Respons Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Cabai Merah (Capsicum annum L.) Terhadap Waktu Pemberian Dan Konsentrasi Herbafarm Rahmawati, Eka; Karno, Karno; Agustina, Risqi Amalia
Jurnal Magrobis Vol 15, No 2 (2015): 2015
Publisher : Agriculture Faculty, University of Kutai Kartanegara, Indonesia

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Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui respons pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah terhadap waktu pemberian dan konsentrasi herbafarm. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Jl. Jelawat No.37 Kelurahan Timbau Kecamatan Tenggarong Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dari bulan September 2012 sampai Januari tahun 2013.Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terpisah (RPT) sebagai petak utama (main plot) adalah waktu pemberian pupuk Herbafarm dan sebagai anak petak (sub plot) adalah konsentrasi pupuk Herbafarm, masing-masing perlakuan dalam penelitian ini di ulang 3 kali. Faktor petak utama dalam penelitian yaitu waktu pemberian pupuk Herbafarm (W) yaitu w1 (5 hari sekali), w2 (10 hari sekali) dan w3 (15 hari sekali) sedangakan faktor anak petak penelitian adalah konsentrasi Herbafarm (K) yaitu k0 sebagai tanpa pupuk (Kontrol), k1 (4 cc L-1 air), k2 (6 cc L-1 air) dan k3 (8 cc L-1 air)Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respons pertumbuhan dan hasil cabai merah terhadap waktu pemberian dan konsentrasi herbafarm berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap umur tanaman saat berbunga, sedangkan berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot buah per tanaman dan berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap jumlah cabang. Hasil per tanaman tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan k3 (8 cc L-1 air) memberikan rata-rata bobot per buah 117,11 g. Hasil sidik ragam pengaruh pemberian herbafarm terhadap hasil bobot buah pertanaman (g) melalui persamaan linier maka didapatkan kurva kuadratik dengan persamaan ? = 104.962 + 0,028x dan r2 = 0,61. Pengaruh waktu pemberian pupuk herbafarm dengan dosis 8 cc L-1 air dan dengan waktu 15 hari sekali setelah tanam, dapat di anjurkan karena mampu memperoleh hasil yang tinggi.Kata Kunci : Respons, cabai merah, herbafarm
GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF LESSER DUCKWEED (Lemna minor) IN DIFFERENT MANURE SOLUTIONS AND CONCENTRATIONS Gena, Freddy; Karno, Karno; Sumarsono, Sumarsono
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2013): Volume 2, Nomor 1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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ABSTRACTThis study was done at the glass house of University of Diponegoro, Semarang. The research was about investigating the performance of Lemna minor from Lemna spp. of Lemnaceae family when grown for 14 days under 3 different manure types and concentration levels. The beef cattle manure, chicken manure and dairy cattle manure were mixed with 30 liters tap water in a triplicate media concentration of 0g/l, 5g/l and 10 g/l. In addition to the manures 1 kg top soil was added in all experimental units and 20 g of Lemna minor was planted as the initial plant weight. The manure type and manure concentration level were arranged in a 3x3 factorial completely randomized design arrangement and mean comparisons was done with Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results in ANOVA showed that there was significant interaction (F=6.31, p=.0023) as well as significant main effects (F=21.51, p=.0001; F=52.78, p=.001) for FY. For the GR the manure type x concentration level interaction was significant (F=6.30, p=.0024) and type of manure and level of concentration main effects were also significant (F=21.45, p=.0001; F=52.63, p=.0001). Significant interaction was also noticed for CPC (F=28, p=.0001) and significant main effects of manure and concentration (F=72.64, p=.0001; F=29.12, p=.0001). The average pH of the manure solutions before planting and after harvesting was 6.07 and 6.48 respectively. Prior to preparing the mediums duplicate samples of various manure as well as top soil were tested for Kjeldahl Nitrogen on dry matter basis.Key words: Lemnaceae, Lemna minor, Lemna spp., manure
PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI HIJAUAN GAMAL (Gliricidia sepium) DENGAN BERBAGAI DOSIS PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR Winata, Nur Arif Setya Hendra; Karno, Karno; Sutarno, Sutarno
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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The study was conducted to determine the growth and production gamal using liquid organic fertilizer. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using a completely randomized design (CRD) and tested further if there is a difference between treatments. Treatment of different doses of liquid fertilizer, which is 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% with 5 replicates, 75cmx50cm spacing so that each plot consisted of 16 cuttings of the experiment, the number of 320 eksplant. Implementation of the research carried out for 4 months, with the first 2 months and 2 months uniformity next crop done taking data. Based on the results of this study concluded that liquid organic fertilizer doses on forage gamal low so that growth and high forage production was not achieved. A need to increase doses of more than 5% liquid organic fertilizer.   Key Words: Growth, Production, Gamal, Liquid Organic Fertilizer   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan dan produksi gamal  dengan menggunakan pupuk organik cair. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statistik dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dan diuji lanjut bila terdapat perbedaan diantara perlakuan. Perlakuan dosis pupuk cair yang berbeda, yaitu 0%, 1%, 3% dan 5% dengan 5 ulangan, Jarak tanam 75cmx50cm sehingga  setiap petak terdiri dari 16 stek percobaan, jumlah tanaman 320 stek batang. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan selama 4 bulan, dengan 2 bulan pertama penyeragaman tanaman dan 2 bulan berikutnya dilakukan pengambilan data. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa dosis pemberian POC pada hijauan gamal masih rendah sehingga pertumbuhan dan produksi hijauan yang tinggi tidak tercapai. Perlu adanya peningkatan dosis pemberian POC lebih dari 5%.   Kata Kunci: Pertumbuhan, Produksi, Gamal, Pupuk Organik Cair.
PERBANYAKAN VEGETATIF CARA STEK Desmodium cinereum DAN Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. DENGAN PEMBERIAN ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH ALAMI DAN AUKSIN SINTETIS Kusumah, Yayi Sonia Anggar; Karno, Karno; Sutarno, Sutarno
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 1 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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Penelitian bertujuan meningkatkan keberhasilan stek tanaman D. cinereum dan H. rosa sinensil L, membandingkan tingkat efesiensi pemakaian antara zat pengatur tumbuh alami yang bersumber dari urine dan ZPT sintetis. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis tanaman yaitu tanaman D. cinereum dan H. rosa sinensis L. dan faktor kedua adalah perlakuan zat pengatur tumbuh (0% urin, 25% urin, 50% urin dan 1% auksin sintetis). Parameter yang diamati adalah daya tumbuh, panjang tunas, jumlah tunas, jumlah daun, panjang akar, jumlah akar, bahan kering akar dan bahan kering daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukan Pemberian ZPT alami 25% urin, ZPT 50% urin tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap Pertumbuhnan bahkan menurunkan pertumbuhan terutama pada tanaman D. cinereum. Pemberian ZPT 1% Auksin Sintetis memberikan pengaruh yang lebih baik terhadap Daya tumbuh, pada tanaman D. cinereum dan H. rosa sinensis L dibanding pemberian ZPT 25% urin, ZPT 50% urin dan Kontrol.ABSTRACTThe study was conducted with the aim to improve the success of plant cuttings D. cinereum and H. rosa sinensil L. comparing the level of efficiency The use of the natural growth hormone from urine and synthetic auxin. The treatments were allotted to completely randomized design with 2x4 factorial pattern and 3 replications in each treament. The first factor is the type of plant is D. cinereum and H. rosa sinensis L. and the second factor is the growth hormone treatments (0% urine, 25% urine, 50% of urine and 1% synthetic auxin). Parameters measured were growing power, shoot length, number of shoot, number og leaves, root length, number of roots, root dry matter and leaf dry matter. The results showed 25%, 50 % Provision of natural growth hormone of the urine does not give effect to growth even lower growth mainly on the plant D. cinereum. Giving 1% Synthetic Auxin give better effect to the Power grows, the plant D.cinereum and H.rosa sinensis L compared with 25% giving urine, 50% urine and Control.
PENGARUH METODE PERBAIKAN TANAH SALIN TERHADAP SERAPAN NITROGEN DAN FOSFOR RUMPUT BENGGALA (Panicum maximum) Suharyani, Suharyani; Kusmiyati, Florentina; Karno, Karno
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 1, No 2 (2012): Volume 1, Nomor 2, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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Wilayah pesisir memiliki sumber daya alam yang berpotensi cukup besar untuk pengembangan ternak ruminansia. Hal ini didukung oleh banyaknya lahan marginal yang dapat digunakan untuk mendukung ketersediaan hijauan pakan. Namun ketersediaan hijauan pakan sering menjadi masalah karena sulitnya hijauan pakan untuk tumbuh di wilayah pesisir yang memiliki tanah dengan kadar garam (NaCl) yang tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh metode perbaikan tanah salin terhadap serapan nitrogen dan fosfor rumput benggala (Panicum maximum). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Rumah Kaca Laboratorium Ilmu Tanaman Makanan Ternak Jurusan Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan dan Pertanian UNDIP selama 5 bulan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 ulangan dan 7 perlakuan (T0 : Kontrol; T1 : gypsum (0,02 kg/pot);T2 : abu sekam padi (0,01 kg/pot); T3 : pupuk kandang (1,30 kg/pot); T4 : gypsum (0,02 kg/pot) dan abu sekam padi (0,01 kg/pot); T5 : gypsum (0,02 kg/pot) dan pupuk kandang (1,30 kg/pot); T6 : abu sekam padi (0,01 kg/pot) dan pupuk kandang (1,30 kg/pot). Parameter yang diamati adalah (1) serapan nitrogen, (2) serapan fosfor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode perbaikan tanah salin pada perlakuan gypsum dan pupuk kandang dapat meningkatkan serapan nitrogen dan fosfor pada tanah salin. Kesimpulan adalah penyerapan nitrogen dan fosfor oleh rumput benggala tertinggi dengan pemberian perlakuan gypsum dan pupuk kandang.Kata kunci : Rumput benggala, nitrogen, fosfor, tanah salin.Abstract The coastal area has a potential resource for livestock development. This is supported by large areas of marginal land that can be used for forage production. However, forage production in coastal areas is often limited by saline soil which has high sodium concentration. This study aimed to assess the effect of saline soil improvement methods on nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of Bengagala grass (Panicum maximum). The experiment was conducted for 5 months at the Greenhouse of Forage Science Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Agriculture, Diponegoro University. The experiment was arranged based on completely randomized Design (CRD) with 3 replications and 7 treatments (T0: Control; T1: gypsum (0.02 kg/pot), T2: rice husk ash (0.01 kg/pot); T3: animal manure (1.30 kg/pot); T4: gypsum (0.02 kg/pot) and rice husk ash (0.01 kg/pot), T5: gypsum (0.02 kg/pot) and animal manure (1.30 kg/pot); T6: rice husk ash (0.01 kg/pot) and animal manure (1.30 kg/pot). Parameters observed were (1) absorption of nitrogen, (2) absorption of phosphorus. The results showed that the treatment of gypsum and animal manure increased uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus in saline soil. It can be concluded that the treatment of gypsum and animal manure resulted in the highest nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by Benggala grass.Key word: Benggala grass, nitrogen, phosphorous, saline soil.
PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN DAN KADAR KALSIUM HIJAUAN SORGUM MANIS (Sorghum bicolor (L).Moench) DENGAN PEMUPUKAN FOSFAT DAN ORGANIK (Plant Growth and Calsium Content of Sweet Sorghum Forage (Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench) with Phosphate and Organic Fertilization) Benowo, Fendias Eko; Karno, Karno; Lukiwati, Dwi Retno
Animal Agriculture Journal Vol 3, No 4 (2014): Volume 3, Nomor 4, Tahun 2014
Publisher : Animal Agriculture Journal

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ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemupukan fosfat dan organik terhadap pertumbuhan dan kadar kalsium (Ca) hijauan sorgum. Materi dalam penelitian adalah benih sorgum manis, pupuk kandang (pukan), pukan ‘plus’ (pukan + BP yang didekomposisikan bersama), arang, pupuk batuan phosphate (BP) 27% P2O5 dan triple super phosphate (TSP) 46% P2O5 serta amonium sulfat (AS) 21% N dan KCl 50%K2O sebagai pupuk dasar. Penelitian dilaksanakan dalam percobaan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan pemupukan pada penelitian adalah T0 = Kontrol,  T1 = Pukan,  T2 = Pukan + BP,  T3 = Pukan + TSP,  T4 = Pukan ‘plus’, T5 = Pukan+ BP + arang, T6  = Pukan + TSP + arang,  T7 =  Pukan ‘plus’ + arang.Parameter pengamatan yaitu tinggi tanaman, kadar protein kasar (PK) dan kadar Ca hijauan pada pemotongan I (40 hari) dan pemotongan II (40 hari setelah potong pertama). Data dianalisis ragam kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pukan ‘plus’ menghasilkan kadar Ca pemotongan I nyata lebih tinggi dibanding pukan + BP, pukan dan kontrol. Pukan ‘plus’ menghasilkan tinggi tanaman dan kadar Ca pemotongan I serta kadar Ca pemotongan II setara dengan pukan + TSP. Pukan ‘plus’ + arang menghasilkan tinggi tanaman pemotongan II setara dengan pukan + TSP + arang.Simpulan penelitian ini adalah perlakuan pemupukan organik + pupuk P baik dengan maupun tanpa arang meningkatkan tinggi tanaman sorgum pada pemotongan II. Perlakuan pupuk kandang + TSP + arang menghasilkan kadar Ca hijauan sorgum tertinggi pada pemotongan I.Kata Kunci: sorgum manis; pertumbuhan;kadar kalsium; fosfat;organik. ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to examine the effect of phosphate and organic fertilization on the growth and calsium (Ca) content of sorghum forage. The materials in this study were sweet sorghum seeds, manure, manure 'plus' (manure + rock phosphate were decomposed together), charcoal, rock phosphate 27% P2O5 and triple super phosphate(TSP) 46% P2O5 as well as the sulphate ammonium (AS) 21% N and KCl 50%K2O as a basic fertilizer.The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Fertilizing treatments of this research was T0 = Control, T1 = Manure, T2 = Manure + rock phosphate, T3 = Manure + TSP, T4 = Manure ‘plus’, T5 = Manure + rock phosphate + charcoal, T6 = Manure + TSP + charcoal, T7 = Manure ‘plus’ + charcoal. The parameters were plant height, crude protein (CP) content and Ca content of sorghum forage at the first cutting (40 days)and second cutting (40 days after the first cutting). The data were analyzed using ANOVA, then followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT).The results showed that manure 'plus' resulted Ca content of first cuttingthat was significantly higher than that of manure + rock phosphate, manure and control. Manure 'plus' resulted in plant height and Ca content on both cutting (first and second cutting) similar to manure + TSP. Manure 'plus' + charcoal resultedin plant height of second cuttingsimilarto manure + TSP + charcoal.The conclusionof thisresearchisorganic+P fertilizationtreatment either used or without used charcoal was able to increase height ofsorghumplant on second cutting. Treatmentof manure+TSP+charcoalresultthe highestCacontent of sorghumforage onfirst cutting.Keywords : sweet sorghum; growth;calsium content; phosphate; organic.
ANALISIS PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS LAHAN DENGAN PENANAMAN POHON SENGON PADA AREAL KARET BELUM MENGHASILKAN (TBM) DI KEBUN SUKAMANGLI PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IX Mahmudi, Mahmudi; Karno, Karno; Purbajanti, Endang Dwi
Jurnal Penelitian Karet JPK : Volume 37, Nomor 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Karet - PT. Riset Perkebunan Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/ppk.jpk.v37i2.662

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Agroindustri perkebunan karet ditentukan oleh produktivitas tanaman, harga jual karet dan harga pokok produksi. Peningkatan produktivitas dan pendapatan lahan karet dapat dilakukan melalui pengembangan usahatani tamanan sela. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tanaman sela sengon terhadap pertumbuhan karet serta analisis kelayakan finansial usahanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanaman karet belum menghasilkan (tahun tanam 2010) dan sengon berumur 4,5 tahun menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial dua faktor yaitu pola penanaman sengon dan baris tanaman karet. Pola penanaman sengon terdiri dari kontrol, box system, tanaman pinggir jalan (TPJ) 3 meter dan TPJ 5 meter sedangkan baris tanaman karet dilakukan pengamatan terhadap baris pertama sampai dengan baris kesepuluh. Setiap baris tanaman terdiri atas 40 pohon karet. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penanaman tanaman sela sengon tidak mempengaruhi pertumbuhan karet di lahan TBM. Pola tanam sengon yang diterapkan hanya berpengaruh terhadap lilit batang pada baris 1 karet. Ketebalan kulit karet pola TPJ 5 meter lebih rendah dibanding pola tanam sengan yang lainnya. Namun pola TPJ 5 memberikan pendapatan tambahan bagi lahan TBM karet terbesar mencapai IDR 18.610.954 /Km/tahun tahun atau IDR 1.551.793 /Ha/tahun. Hasil analisis finansial diperoleh bahwa ketiga pola tanam sengon layak untuk dikembangkan di lahan TBM karet dengan pola TPJ 5 meter memberikan peluang investasi terbesar karena menghasilkan NPV mencapai IDR  41.034.157. Dengan demikian tanaman sela sengon dapat menjadi alternatif peningkatan produktivitas lahan dan pendapatan tambahan TBM karet.
Front-matter (June 2015) karno, karno
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 40, No 2 (2015): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.40.2.%p

Abstract