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FEMINISME ISLAM DI INDONESIA: ANTARA GERAKAN MODERNISME PEMIKIRAN ISLAM DAN GERAKAN PERJUANGAN ISU GENDER Fathonah K. Daud
Jurnal Harkat : Media Komunikasi Gender JURNAL HARKAT : MEDIA KOMUNIKASI GENDER, 16(2), 2020
Publisher : Pusat Studi Gender dan Anak (PSGA), Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/harkat.v16i2.17572

Abstract. This article discusses the new face of the movement for the struggle of Indonesian Islamic women’s right. Starting from the geonology of Islamic Feminism, history and patterns of struggle. This writing method is a literature study (Library research) with descriptive analysis. The struggle for the emancipation of women in Indonesia has a long and dynamic history. The form of the movement and its emphasis on issues of struggle for Indonesian women are always changing. Especially in the last two decades, there has been a new awareness among women intellentuals and activists that the old paradigm in the women’s movement needs to be reviewed. This study found that the previous women’s movement emphasized “uplifting the rank of women”, then the significance of women’s participation in development without questioning gender inequalities. Now, the struggle has used a gender perspective and has penetrated into the reinterpretation of Islamic texts, spearheaded by a new wave that can be called Islamic feminism. They were from Muslims intellectuals, kyai (Islamic boarding school leaders), bunyai (Islamic female figures), ustadzah (teachers) and academics. Their goal is to show that Islam is a religion that is friendly and fair (righteous) to all creatures. In addition, the aim is to retorm laws related to gender issues and Islamic family law in Indonesia. Abstrak. Artikel ini membahas wajah baru gerakan perjuangan hak-hak perempuan Islam Indonesia. Mulai dari geonologi feminisme Islam, sejarah dan pola perjuangan. Metode tulisan ini adalah studi pustaka (library research) dengan deskriptif analisis. Perjuangan emansipasi perempuan di Indonesia memiliki sejarah yang panjang dan dinamis. Bentuk gerakan dan penekanannya pada isu-isu perjuangan perempuan selalu berubah. Terlebih dalam dua decade terakhir ini, mucul kesadaran baru di kalangan intelektual dan aktivis perempuan bahwa paradigm lama dalam gerakan perempuan perlu ditinjau ulang. Kajian ini menemukan bahwa gerakan perempuan sebelumnya menekankan pada “mengangkat derajat perempuan”, kemudian pentingnya partisipasi perempuan dalam pembangunan tanpa mempersoalkan ketidakadilan gender. Kini, perjuangan tersebut telah menggunakan perspektif gender dan telah merambah ke reinterpretasi teks-teks Islam, yang dipelopori oleh gelombang baru yang disebut feminism Islam. Mereka ini berasal dari intelektual Islam, kyai, bunyai, ustadzah dan akademisi. Tujuan mereka adalah untuk menunjukkan bahwa Islam adalah agama yang bersahabat dan adil bagi semua makhluk. Selain itu, tujuannya untuk mereformasi undang-undang terkait isu gender dan hukum keluarga Islam di Indonesia.

Otoritas Wali Nikah Dalam Islam: Analisis Perkawinan Tanpa Wali di Indonesia Perspektif Fiqh dan Hukum Positif Fathonah K. Daud; Ramdani Wahyu Sururuie
Akademika Vol 15, No 2 (2021): Akademika
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/adk.v15i2.544

Abstrak: Tulisan ini menganalisis tentang hukum perkawinan seorang perempuan tanpa wali dalam kajian fiqh dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia. Metode penulisan artikel dengan pendekatan library research. Adapun hasil dari tulisan ini menemukan bahwa pernikahan perempuan tanpa wali menurut hukum positif di Indonesia adalah tidak sah. Meskipun telah ditemukan adanya pendapat dari mazhab Hanafi dan Syiah Imamiyah bahwa perempuan dewasa dan berakal sehat diperbolehkan menikahkan dirinya sendiri dengan catatan bahwa calon lelakinya adalah sederajat (sekufu). Apabila tidak sekufu, wali berhak memaksa anak perempuannya. Namun, karena produk hukum di Indonesia adalah menganut mazhab Syafi’i, maka hukum perempuan yang menikah tanpa wali adalah dipandang batal. Hal ini berdasarkan argumentasi mazhab Syaf’i yang berlandaskan kepada hadits Nabi saw yang sangat popular, “tidak sah pernikahan tanpa wali”. Adapun bagi perempuan yang tidak punya wali atau walinya adhal, maka menggunakan wali hakim. Mazhab Maliki, Mazhab Syfi’i dan Mazhab Hanbali tidak membenarkan seorang perempuan, gadis atau janda, menikahkan dirinya sendiri.

HAK CERAI PEREMPUAN DALAM HUKUM KELUARGA ISLAM MAROKO Fathonah K. Daud; Nurrohman Syarif
Al-Ahwal: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 14, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ahwal.2021.14204

This paper examines the women’s right to divorce under Moroccan Islamic family law. This article relies on a statutory approach, accompanied by interviews. Most of the data were taken from Moroccan regulations on marriage. The data were also collected from books and journals on women and divorce in Moroccan Law. Additionally, interviews are conducted to enrich information. The result of this study shows that Morocco recognizes the right of woman to divorce (her husband) in two terms: tatliq li al-syiqaq and khulu'. Of these two rights, Moroccan women share an equal position with men in the chance to end marital ties. Following the divorce, Moroccan family law stipulates that joint property belongs to the wife, except for immovable assets in the husband's name. Due to this provision, Moroccan women's bargaining position is arguably strong, because they have the legal ‘power’ to negotiate whether the marriage should be continued or ended. This should encourage husbands to behave carefully of their wives during the marriage. Theoretically, Moroccan family law can be said progressive in terms of protecting the rights of women (and their child/s). Tulisan ini mengkaji hak bercerai bagi perempuan dalam undang-undang keluarga yang diterapkan di negara muslim Maroko. Artikel ini ditulis dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach) yang dilengkapi dengan wawancara. Data dikumpulkan dari peraturan-peraturan perkawinan di Maroko. Data juga didapatkan dari buku-buku dan jurnal yang membahas hak perempuan untuk bercerai. Di samping itu, data juga diperkaya melalui wawancara. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Maroko mengakui hak perempuan untuk menceraikan (suaminya) dengan dua jalan, yaitu: tatliq li al-syiqaq dan khulu’. Dari kedua hak menceraikan ini, perempuan Maroko mempunyai kedudukan yang cukup imbang dengan laki-laki dalam kemampuan memutuskan ikatan perkawinan. Pasca perceraian, hukum keluarga Maroko menetapkan harta bersama jatuh kepada istri, kecuali harta tidak bergerak yang atas nama suami. Dengan ketentuan ini, posisi tawar perempuan Maroko dapat dikatakan cukup kuat karena mereka memiliki modal negosiasi apakah pernikahan dilanjutkan atau tidak. Ini menjadi isyarat bagi para suami untuk berprilaku hati-hati kepada istrinya dalam berumah tangga. Secara teoretis, hukum keluarga Maroko dapat disebut progresif dalam memberikan perlindungan kepada hak-hak perempuan, termasuk hak-hak anak-anak.

LIVING LAW DALAM KHIȚBAH DAN LAMARAN PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGI HUKUM Fathonah K. Daud; M. Ridlwan Hambali
LISAN AL-HAL: Jurnal Pengembangan Pemikiran dan Kebudayaan Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022): JUNI
Publisher : LP2M Universitas Ibrahimy

This paper discusses the khiṭbah and engagement in the perspective of the sociology of law. The method is using a normative empirical juridical approach. This paper finds that the history of the practice of engagement or khitbah bigens with matchmaking of the sons and daughters of the prophet Adam as. Along with the development of the human population into ethnic groups and the development of the insight of society itself, new procedure and prohibitions emerged, including in choosing a patner. In addition the form of engagement into various ways of implementation. However, this engagement was later accommodated by Islam and has been stated in the Qur’an and Hadith which is termed khitbah. In practice there is a natural difference between khitbah and the engagement. Most of the customary applications by bringing along delivery and sometimes there are still gifts in the form of money or livestock. As is the tradition of engagement found in Indonesian society, such as Peningset (Javanese), the tradition of giving Belehan (Bojonegoro, East Java), neundeun omong(Sundanese), Merisik (Melayu-Riau), Marhusip (Batak), Maminang (Minangkabau) and Mappetuada (Bugis). However, both are still community practices that contain noble values and should be perpetuated in society.

KHULU' DAN TALAK, SAMAKAH? Kajian Filosofis-Komparatif Hak Cerai Perempuan dalam Fiqh dan Hukum Positif Fathonah K. Daud
Al Hakam : The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law and Gender Issues Vol 1 No 1 (2021): Al Hakam
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Keluarga Fakultas Syari'ah IAI Al Hikmah Tuban

This paper is a philosophical-comparative study of Islamic law in Islam and in the provisions of Positive Law. Are the discussions and provisions the same between khuluc and talak in fiqh and positive law? This research is a descriptive-qualitative research, using a literature review approach and analyzing it with the deduction method. The findings of this study indicate that khuluc in Indonesian law is called a divorce suit with different procedures. Both fiqh and positive law do not give the same meaning between khuluc (here called fasakh) and talak, this is the opinion of the Syafi'i school, except in Imam Malik's view that khuluc is talak bain. Therefore, the two have different legal provisions after the divorce. For example, for groups that distinguish the two, after the khulu’ occurs, they may be reconciled again. Meanwhile, those who equate khulu’ with talak bain, after khulu 'are prohibited from making reconciliation for ex-husbands and wives. However, between khulu 'and talak are different. Khulu’ occurs there must be 'iwad, while divorce there is no' iwad.

TRADISI NGEMBLOK DI DESA NGREJENG GRABAGAN TUBAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF ‘URF Mun'im .; Fathonah K. Daud
Al Hakam : The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law and Gender Issues Vol 2 No 2 (2022): Al Hakam
Publisher : Prodi Hukum Keluarga Fakultas Syari'ah IAI Al Hikmah Tuban

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35896/al hakam.v2i2.342

This article discusses the Ngemblok Tradition in Ngrejeng Village, Grabagan District, Tuban Regency in the 'Urf. This study aims to: 1) Knowing the Ngemblok tradition in Ngrejeng Village, Grabagan District, Tuban Regency 2) Knowing 'Urf's Review of the Ngemblok Tradition in Ngrejeng Village, Grabagan District, Tuban Regency. This research uses a qualitative case study method and uses data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews and documentation. Then the data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing and or verification. The results of this study are'Urf's review of the Ngemblok Tradition in Ngrejeng Village, Grabagan District, Tuban Regency that women as blockers are not prohibited in Islam. This is based on the time of the Prophet Muhammad, who was also proposed by Siti Khatidjah through his trusted female servant, Nafisah. The goal from a religious point of view is to get a husband who is pious, and good for marriage. The legal basis for blocking is on the rules of العادة (‘urf) and the rules of fiqh المحُاَفَظَةُ عَلَى القَدِيْمِ الصَالِحِ الأَخْذُ باِلجَدِيْدِ الأَصْلَحِ (maintaining good old things and taking new, better things).

Tradisi Pemberian Belehan Perspektif ‘Urf di Desa Megale Kedungadem Bojonegoro Diana Nur Safitri; Fathonah K. Daud; Muhammad Aziz
AL-FIKRAH: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Pendidikan dan Keislaman Vol. 4 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Pendidikan Agama Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36835/al-fikrah.v4i1.111

Tulisan ini merupakan hasil penelitian terhadap tradisi belehan di desa Megale Kedungadem Bojonegoro. Metode penulisan ini berupa deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian lapangan (field research) melalui metode wawancara mendalam terhadap subyek untuk mendapatkan informasi secara langsung. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pemberian belehan di Desa Megale Kedungadem Bojonegoro merupakan pemberian hewan ternak dari pihak laki-laki kepada perempuan asli Megale yang akan dinikahi. Hal ini bukan merupakan suatu kewajiban dalam pernikahan, tetapi sudah menjadi tradisi sehingga jika tradisi ini tidak dilaksanakan maka si pelaku akan dikenai sanksi sosial berupa gunjingan dari masyarakat sekitar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tradisi belehan yang dilaksanakan di Desa Megale Kecamatan Kedungadem Kabupaten Bojonegoro termasuk kategori ‘urf shahih sehingga tradisi ini boleh dilaksanakan karena tidak melanggar ajaran Islam. Jika dilihat dari segi bentuknya tradisi belehan di Desa Megale termasuk kategori ‘urf ‘amali, karena merupakan tradisi yang berupa perbuatan. Sedangkan jika ditinjau dari segi cakupannya tradisi belehan di Desa Megale termasuk kategori ‘urf khusus karena hanya berlaku di Desa Megale.

PERLINDUNGAN ANAK ATAS TRAUMA PSIKOLOGIS PASCA PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA Yayuk Siti Khotijah; Fathonah K. Daud
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 23, No 2 (2021): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v23i2.13552

Abstract: This research elaborates the effects of parental divorce on the children psychological condition and are looking for a satisfactory solution to protect them from its negative-psychological effects through Islamic laws approach. This research applied descriptive qualitative method, with data collection conducted through observation, interviews, and documentation. The object of this research is the students of Al-Muhibbin Modern Islamic Boarding School Jatirogo Tuban with divorced parent. The results of this study indicate that the impact of parental divorce on the psychological conditions is shown on the student’s behavior, i.e. feeling inferior to others, become stubborn, rude, and naughty. Therefore, to minimize these negative impacts, one of the efforts that can be used is through Islamic counseling using the forgiveness method which is considered quite effective so the children with this condition can live and participate properly in their community as mandated by the child protection law in Indonesia. Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji tentang perlindungan bagi anak dari pengaruh perceraian orang tua terhadap kondisi psikologis anak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui solusi atas permasalahan akibat perceraian orang tua. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Obyek dalam penelitian ini adalah santri PPM Al-Muhibbin Jatirogo Tuban yang menjadi korban perceraian orang tua mereka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak perceraian orang tua terhadap kondisi psikologis yang terjadi pada diri santri di antaranya muncul sifat rendah diri terhadap teman-temannya yang lain, menjadi lebih bandel dan nakal, serta bersikap kasar dengan teman-temannya. Untuk mengatasi perubahan terhadap kondisi psikologis anak yang berdampak negatif tersebut, salah satu upaya yang dapat digunakan adalah melalui bimbingan penyuluhan Islam dengan menggunakan metode pemaafan yang dinilai cukup efektif dan sesuai dengan tuntunan ajaran Islam. Hal tersebut dilakukan agar ia dapat hidup, tumbuh, berkembang dan berpartisipasi secara wajar, selaras dengan yang diamanatkan oleh ketentuan tentang perlindungan anak di Indonesia.

Pembagian Peran Suami Istri di Desa Sidodadi Bangilan Kabupaten Tuban Perspektif Gender dan Hukum Islam Arina Fiddaroini .; Fathonah K. Daud; Fira Mubayyinah
Akademika Vol 16, No 2 (2022): Desember
Publisher : Universitas Islam Lamongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30736/adk.v16i2.939

This study discusses the division of husband and wife roles in the family in Sidodadi Village, Bangilan District, Tuban Regency. This study aims to understand the division of husband and wife roles in the family in Sidodadi Village, Bangilan District, Tuban Regency and to understaand the overview of gender equality and Islamic law on the division of husband and wife roles in the family in Sidodadi Village, Bangilan District, Tuban Regency. This study uses a qualitative method, namely the author collects data from the informants and then compares the sources with each other. The results of this study indicate that the lfe of Sidodadi Bangilan Tuban village community is a traditional society. The division of roles that occurs in the family in that village is divided into two groups with different role distribution patterns where first, husband and wife take roles in the public and domestic sectors; second, husbands take on public roles and wives take on public and domestic roles. The division of husband and wife roles that occurred in Sidodadi village, Bangilan district, Tuban district partly still has gender inquality. Meanwhile, according to the point of wiew of Islamic law that there is no prohibition for the wife to work, as long as both the wife and husband fulfill their rights and obligations, Islam views it as a good thing and no one is harmed.

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