Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 4 Documents
Search

ASEAN and European Human Rights Mechanisms, What Should be Improved? Nurhidayatuloh Nurhidayatuloh; Febrian Febrian
PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) Vol 6, No 1 (2019): PADJADJARAN JURNAL ILMU HUKUM (JOURNAL OF LAW)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (345.141 KB)

Abstract

AbstractThe human rights mentioned in the Universal Declaration on Human Rights (UDHR) are universal values agreed upon countries in the world. This is reflected by the fact that no state rejects the United Nations General Assembly Resolution in 1948. It is even strengthened by the ratification of two major international human rights covenants, which have binding legal powers. They are the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights in 1966. European states are legally bound to human rights through the European Human Rights Convention that is signed in 1950 and come into force in 1953. On the other hand, ASEAN states are bound to human rights as parties of ICCPR, ICESCR, and their commitment to the regional level ASEAN Declaration of Human Rights. Both in European Union and ASEAN have their own human rights mechanisms: the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and ASEAN Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR). This study employed a comparison method with a normative legal research approach to compare the human rights mechanisms in Europe and in ASEAN. It also deals with the implementation of human rights protection by the states in the two regional organizations. As a result, although the two regional organizations have human rights mechanisms applied in their areas, with experiences through cases appealing to European Human Rights Courts, Europe provides more assurance and legal certainty towards individuals when a state commit human rights violations against individuals. On the other hand, the AICHR, as the equal commission in ASEAN region, tends not to have sufficient legal power in handling human rights cases occurred in its territory.Mekanisme HAM ASEAN dan Eropa, Apa yang Seharusnya Dibenahi? AbstrakHak asasi manusia yang terdapat dalam DUHAM merupakan nilai-nilai universal yang telah disepakati oleh negara-negara di dunia. Hal ini tercermin dengan tidak adanya satupun negara yang menolak Resolusi Majelis Umum PBB tersebut tahun 1948 dan diperkuat dengan disahkannya dua kovenan internasional utama HAM yang mengikat yakni Kovenan tentang Hak Sipil dan Politik (ICCPR) dan Kovenan tentang Hak Ekonomi, Sosial dan Budaya (ICESCR) tahun 1966. Negara-negara di Eropa memiliki keterikatan secara hukum terhadap HAM melalui Konvensi HAM Eropa yang disahkan tahun 1950 dan berlaku 1953. Di sisi lain, negara-negara di ASEAN memiliki keterikatan terhadap HAM sebagai pihak ICCPR, ICESCR dan komitmen mereka terhadap Deklarasi HAM ASEAN pada tingkat regional. Baik di organisasi regional Eropa maupun ASEAN memiliki mekanisme HAM masing-masing, Eropa memiliki Pengadilan HAM Eropa dan ASEAN memiliki Komisi HAM ASEAN. Artikel ini menggunakan metode perbandingan dengan pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif yakni dengan membandingkan mekanisme HAM yang ada di Eropa dan di ASEAN dan implikasinya terhadap praktik perlindungan HAM oleh negara di dua organisasi regional tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini adalah meskipun kedua organisasi regional tersebut sama-sama memiliki mekanisme HAM yang berlaku di wilayah mereka, dengan pengalaman yang dimiliki Eropa melalui Pengadilan HAM, Eropa lebih memberikan jaminan dan kepastian hukum terhadap individu ketika negara melakukan pelanggaran HAM terhadap individu. Di sisi lain, AICHR sebagai komisi yang berwenang untuk menyelesaikan persoalan HAM di wilayah ASEAN cenderung tidak memiliki kekuasaan dan kekuatan hukum yang memadai dalam menangani kasus-kasus HAM yang terjadi di wilayahnya.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v6n1.a8
Exercising No Harm Rule: Claims for Damage and Loss Due Climate Change Effects Mada Apriandi Zuhir; Febrian Febrian; Murzal Murzal; Ridwan Ridwan
Sriwijaya Law Review Volume 6 Issue 1, January 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/slrev.Vol6.Iss1.1646.pp174-188

Abstract

The act of utilising all the resources owned by a state, including natural resources, is the right of every state. However, its use is prohibited if it causes harm to other states. This is then referred to as the principle of no harm rule in international law. Therefore, each state is responsible not for causing damage to other States' environments or areas outside the limits of its jurisdiction. This article will analyse the development of the no harm rules and its application model for claiming state responsibility. As normative research, it used secondary data as the main data, and the primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials were analysed qualitatively. In discussion, this principle has long existed as customary international law to mitigate transboundary pollution. In the case of the environment in general, many studies have applied this principle. However, due to the uniqueness of the climate change issue, evidence and proof of the impacts caused cannot be used as the basis for a lawsuit like ordinary environmental cases. Based on the discussion and simulation conducted, it is concluded that the no harm rules principle can be applied to climate change issues. However, this principle is not satisfactory and has limitations in its application.
THE PROTECTION OF CONSUMER RIGHTS FOR AVIATION SAFETY AND SECURITY IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA Annalisa Yahanan; Febrian Febrian; Rohani Abdul Rahim
Sriwijaya Law Review VOLUME 1, ISSUE 1, JANUARY 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/slrev.Vol1.Iss1.7.pp027-043

Abstract

Indonesia and Malaysia have a good potency for cooperation in aviation industry. It can be seen in the establishing two aviation companies namely PT. Indonesia Air Asia and Malindo which both are low-cost carrier. These aviation industries are categorized as low-cost carrier, however safety and security are absolute factors because these are rights for consumers. This article will describe further about safety and security standard; protecting the rights for consumers in connection with safety aviation in Indonesia and Malaysia from the Consumer Protection Law and the Aviation Law. As a result of the research shows that safety standard passenger for air transportation in airport covers information and safety facility in the shape of availability of the emergency safety tools (fires, accidents and natural disasters); information, area and health facility; and healthcare workers. Moreover, safety standards for passenger in an aircraft include information and safety facility in the shape of availability information and the emergency safety tools for passenger in an aircraft. The protection for consumer rights for safety flight in Indonesia as follows: aviation industry has obligation to fulfill minimum standard of safety and security; consumers must be safety from false information which raises concern; aircraft operation which endanger of the passenger; and consumer protection in operating the electronic device which endanger flight. On the other hand, the law of consumer rights in Malaysia relating to aviation are ruled under the Aviation Law as a result of the Warsaw Convention 1929. In conclusion, the verdict of consumer rights related to security aviation begins when the passenger enter to an aircraft, in the aircraft, and by the time they get off the plane.
Phenomenon of the Increasing Single Candidates and Backsliding Democratic Values in Indonesia Febrian Febrian; Iza Rumesten; Nurhidayatuloh Nurhidayatuloh; Neisa Angrum Adisti
Hasanuddin Law Review VOLUME 8 ISSUE 3, DECEMBER 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/halrev.v8i3.2880

Abstract

One interesting thing to discuss regarding the holding of regional head elections in 2020 is the increasing number of single candidates participating in democracy contestation. This article offers a comprehensive assessment of the theoretical and practical connections between the number of single candidates in holding regional head elections to the weakening of democratic values in regional head elections. The research methodology adopted for this research was normative. The results show that the factors causing the increase in the number of single candidates are the high threshold that must be met by political parties, an expensive political dowry, and the failure of political parties in carrying out the regeneration function. The increasing number of single candidates in regional head elections is synonymous with the decline in democratic values because the closure of the freedom space for the people to choose candidates. A single pair of candidates will close the freedom space for the people to elect their candidate for leader. A single pair of candidates in regional head elections can close the freedom space for the people to know and discuss the vision, mission, and work program of the single candidate pair. A single candidate in the regional head election is a violation of human rights because it has the potential to block the opportunity for the lower middle class to compete in the elections. The regional head elections with a single candidate will limit broader community participation.