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All Journal JURNAL AIR INDONESIA JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Ruliasih Marsidi
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

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TINJAUAN ASPEK TEKNIS PEMILIHAN MEDIA BIOFILTER UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH Said, Nusa Idaman; Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (218.088 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i3.2355

Abstract

There are literally dozens of different types of biofilters used for wastewater treatment applications. While many have common features, some are fundamentally different from the rest. The purpose of this article is to educate the reader about the types of packings used for fixed film biofilters.The types of biofilters under discussion are filters that employ a non-moving surface area to provide a substrate for various bacteria to attach and grow. The substrate remains in place while the water flows through the system. The heart of these biofilters is the packing or media used to provide the surface area. The type of packing used strongly influences both the capital and operating costs of the biofilter. It is important to emphasize however, that the packing merely provides surface area for bacteria to colonize. It is the bacteria that do the actual work of the biofilter. In order for the bacteria to do their job effectively, the biofilter and packing design must provide an even distribution of nutrients and oxygen while removing dissolved and suspended waste products. Most biofilters utilize aerobic bacteria but it is also possible to design and operate anaerobic systems for special purposes. Various types of packings exist for fixed film biological filters. Each different type has advantages and disadvantages but in terms of overall cost and suitability, the structured packings are the best choice for commercial biofilter designs. Kata kunci : biofilter, media, pengolahan air limbah.
MIKROORGANISME PATOGEN DAN PARASIT DI DALAM AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK SERTA ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN Said, Nusa Idaman; Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (346.647 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i1.2293

Abstract

Domestic waste are known to be a potential pollutant due to its’ organic and inorganic content. It is also harmful for society for its pathogenic microorganism contents such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasitic worms, parasitic protozoa, etc. The lack of domestic waste processing facilities is contributing to the increasing seriousness of this matter.One of the alternative ways to amend the problem is to process the waste individually or semi-communally by utilizing an aerobic-anaerobic biofilter process. Some of the advantage of utilizing this process is: easy maintenance, low operation cost, relatively lower sludge compared to the activated sludge  process, can remove nitrogen and phosphorus, relatively lower air supply requirement for aeration, applicable in processing waste water with large amount of BOD and it can also remove suspended solid (SS).  Results gained from experiments of the “Aerobic-Anaerobic Biofilter Combination” tool prototype, used for processing domestic waste showed that with a hydraulic retention time of 1 to 3 days and a Hydraulic   re-circulation ratio (HRR) of 1, is a highly efficient process which is: BOD 84.7% - 91%, COD 79.6%-95.3%, SS 94.1% - 95%, Ammonia (NH4-N) 89.3%-89.8%, Detergent (MBAS) 83% - 87% and phosphate (PO4) 44,4% - 47.3%. Kata kunci : Air limbah domestik, patogen, parasit, biofilter, anaerob, aerob. 
PROSES NITRIFIKASI DENGAN SISTEM BIOFILTER UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH YANG MENGANDUNG AMONIAK KONSENTRASI TINGGI Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 3 No. 3 (2002): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (440.327 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v3i3.255

Abstract

Limbah cair yang mengandung amoniak pada masa industrialisasi saat ini semakin banyak jumlahnya, karena semakin berkembangnya pabrik-pabrik yang memproduksi produk yang mengandung unsur nitrogen. Berdasarkan hal ini telah dilakukan penelitian dalam upaya untuk memperoleh suatu sistem pengolahan yang cukup sederhana yang dapat diterapkan di industri-industri kecil. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan pengolahan limbah yang mengandung amoniak konsentrasi tinggi dengan menerapakan sistem nitrifikasi biologis yang menggunakan reaktor biofilter tercelup. Dari hasil Penelitian diharapkan dapat diperoleh karakteristik proses nitrifikasi yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pembuatan alat pengolahan limbah amoniak. Penelitian ini merupakanpenelitian awal, karena hanya melakukan proses nitrifikasi yaitu suatu proses penurunan/penghilangan zat amoniak, yang kemudian hasil dari proses ini masih menghasilkan zat polutan nitrit dan nitrat, karena proses nitrifikasi adalah proses perubahan zat amoniak menjadi nitrit dan nitrat. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini disebut tahap awal karena untuk menghasilkan hasil olahan yang memenuhi standar baku air limbah, perlu dilakukan proses selanjutnya untuk menghilangkan nitrit dan nitrat yaitu melalui proses denitrifikasi. Hasil percobaan proses nitrifikasi yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan penurunan rata-rata amoniak sebesar 97,98 %, dengan volume reaktor (15x20x150)cm atau 45 liter, kapasitas maximum 4,8 l/jam dan waktu tinggal 24 jam.
PENGKAJIAN KEMAMPUAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM SKALA KECIL Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2003): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (332.295 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v4i3.288

Abstract

To fulfill the people’s primary need, the government is duty bound to stock remote regions with a steady supply of fresh water. That duty necessitates assasing and applying of appropriate water treatment system in these remote regions or villages. In fact the number of people needing the service is few, and the education level of the people is generally low. Having a small scale and simple water treatment technology would fit this standard. There are many water treatment technology, but only a few should be applied for a minimal capacity production. The applied technology should benefit the localpeople and, in accordance with local’s conditions, long-lasting. This paper will discuss various water treatment technology suitable for a small-scale production. The technologies are selected based on its ability to purify thewater and the cost of each system. The calculations were derived from otherwritten sources along with field data gathered by BPPT. These technology include the coagulation-filtration technology, slow-sand filtration technology, ion-exchange technology, reverse-osmosis technology and the active-carbon technology.
ZEOLIT UNTUK MENGURANGI KESADAHAN AIR Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2001): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (500.865 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v2i1.193

Abstract

Dalam penggunaannya, air mempunyai persyaratan tertentu, baik untuk air rumah tangga maupun air industri. Salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi adalah angka kesadahan air, yaitu angka yang berhubungan dengan jumlah kandungan calsium dan magnesium. Kedua unsur ini khususnya pada air minum diperlukan, namun hanya sampai dengan batas tertentu, karena kelebihan unsur ini dapat berakibat pada kesehatan. Pada penggunaan air untuk cuci dan mandi kelebihan unsur calsium dan magnesium akan mengurangi efektifitas sabun/detergen, bahkanuntuk air industri kandungan unsur-unsur tersebut sebaiknya nol, karena adanya kedua unsur ini dapat merusak peralatan pemanas pada industri.Untuk membantu masyarakat, terutama pelaku industri kecil dan industri rumah tangga, telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai cara penghilangan kandungan unsur calsium dan magnesium dari dalam air . Dalam tulisan ini diinformasikan beberapa cara penghilangan kesadahan air atau biasa disebut dengan pelunakan air, namun percobaan yang dilakukan hanya terbatas pada cara pelunakan air sadah dengan metoda penukar ion. Bahan penukar ion yang digunakan adalah zeolit alam, karena zeolit alam mudah diperoleh dan harganya relatif murah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar kesadahan, namun zeolit alam ini cepat sekali mencapai jenuh, sehingga harus sering dilakukan proses regenerasi.
MIKROORGANISME PATOGEN DAN PARASIT DI DALAM AIR LIMBAH DOMESTIK SERTA ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN Said, Nusa Idaman; Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i1.2293

Abstract

Domestic waste are known to be a potential pollutant due to its’ organic and inorganic content. It is also harmful for society for its pathogenic microorganism contents such as pathogenic bacteria, viruses, parasitic worms, parasitic protozoa, etc. The lack of domestic waste processing facilities is contributing to the increasing seriousness of this matter.One of the alternative ways to amend the problem is to process the waste individually or semi-communally by utilizing an aerobic-anaerobic biofilter process. Some of the advantage of utilizing this process is: easy maintenance, low operation cost, relatively lower sludge compared to the activated sludge  process, can remove nitrogen and phosphorus, relatively lower air supply requirement for aeration, applicable in processing waste water with large amount of BOD and it can also remove suspended solid (SS).  Results gained from experiments of the “Aerobic-Anaerobic Biofilter Combination” tool prototype, used for processing domestic waste showed that with a hydraulic retention time of 1 to 3 days and a Hydraulic   re-circulation ratio (HRR) of 1, is a highly efficient process which is: BOD 84.7% - 91%, COD 79.6%-95.3%, SS 94.1% - 95%, Ammonia (NH4-N) 89.3%-89.8%, Detergent (MBAS) 83% - 87% and phosphate (PO4) 44,4% - 47.3%. Kata kunci : Air limbah domestik, patogen, parasit, biofilter, anaerob, aerob. 
TINJAUAN ASPEK TEKNIS PEMILIHAN MEDIA BIOFILTER UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH Said, Nusa Idaman; Marsidi, Ruliasih
Jurnal Air Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 3 (2005): Jurnal Air Indonesia
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29122/jai.v1i3.2355

Abstract

There are literally dozens of different types of biofilters used for wastewater treatment applications. While many have common features, some are fundamentally different from the rest. The purpose of this article is to educate the reader about the types of packings used for fixed film biofilters.The types of biofilters under discussion are filters that employ a non-moving surface area to provide a substrate for various bacteria to attach and grow. The substrate remains in place while the water flows through the system. The heart of these biofilters is the packing or media used to provide the surface area. The type of packing used strongly influences both the capital and operating costs of the biofilter. It is important to emphasize however, that the packing merely provides surface area for bacteria to colonize. It is the bacteria that do the actual work of the biofilter. In order for the bacteria to do their job effectively, the biofilter and packing design must provide an even distribution of nutrients and oxygen while removing dissolved and suspended waste products. Most biofilters utilize aerobic bacteria but it is also possible to design and operate anaerobic systems for special purposes. Various types of packings exist for fixed film biological filters. Each different type has advantages and disadvantages but in terms of overall cost and suitability, the structured packings are the best choice for commercial biofilter designs. Kata kunci : biofilter, media, pengolahan air limbah.
ZEOLIT UNTUK MENGURANGI KESADAHAN AIR Ruliasih Marsidi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 2 No. 1 (2001): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (500.865 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v2i1.193

Abstract

Dalam penggunaannya, air mempunyai persyaratan tertentu, baik untuk air rumah tangga maupun air industri. Salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi adalah angka kesadahan air, yaitu angka yang berhubungan dengan jumlah kandungan calsium dan magnesium. Kedua unsur ini khususnya pada air minum diperlukan, namun hanya sampai dengan batas tertentu, karena kelebihan unsur ini dapat berakibat pada kesehatan. Pada penggunaan air untuk cuci dan mandi kelebihan unsur calsium dan magnesium akan mengurangi efektifitas sabun/detergen, bahkanuntuk air industri kandungan unsur-unsur tersebut sebaiknya nol, karena adanya kedua unsur ini dapat merusak peralatan pemanas pada industri.Untuk membantu masyarakat, terutama pelaku industri kecil dan industri rumah tangga, telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai cara penghilangan kandungan unsur calsium dan magnesium dari dalam air . Dalam tulisan ini diinformasikan beberapa cara penghilangan kesadahan air atau biasa disebut dengan pelunakan air, namun percobaan yang dilakukan hanya terbatas pada cara pelunakan air sadah dengan metoda penukar ion. Bahan penukar ion yang digunakan adalah zeolit alam, karena zeolit alam mudah diperoleh dan harganya relatif murah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan adanya penurunan kadar kesadahan, namun zeolit alam ini cepat sekali mencapai jenuh, sehingga harus sering dilakukan proses regenerasi.
PROSES NITRIFIKASI DENGAN SISTEM BIOFILTER UNTUK PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH YANG MENGANDUNG AMONIAK KONSENTRASI TINGGI Ruliasih Marsidi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 3 No. 3 (2002): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (440.327 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v3i3.255

Abstract

Limbah cair yang mengandung amoniak pada masa industrialisasi saat ini semakin banyak jumlahnya, karena semakin berkembangnya pabrik-pabrik yang memproduksi produk yang mengandung unsur nitrogen. Berdasarkan hal ini telah dilakukan penelitian dalam upaya untuk memperoleh suatu sistem pengolahan yang cukup sederhana yang dapat diterapkan di industri-industri kecil. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan melakukan pengolahan limbah yang mengandung amoniak konsentrasi tinggi dengan menerapakan sistem nitrifikasi biologis yang menggunakan reaktor biofilter tercelup. Dari hasil Penelitian diharapkan dapat diperoleh karakteristik proses nitrifikasi yang selanjutnya dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pembuatan alat pengolahan limbah amoniak. Penelitian ini merupakanpenelitian awal, karena hanya melakukan proses nitrifikasi yaitu suatu proses penurunan/penghilangan zat amoniak, yang kemudian hasil dari proses ini masih menghasilkan zat polutan nitrit dan nitrat, karena proses nitrifikasi adalah proses perubahan zat amoniak menjadi nitrit dan nitrat. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini disebut tahap awal karena untuk menghasilkan hasil olahan yang memenuhi standar baku air limbah, perlu dilakukan proses selanjutnya untuk menghilangkan nitrit dan nitrat yaitu melalui proses denitrifikasi. Hasil percobaan proses nitrifikasi yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan penurunan rata-rata amoniak sebesar 97,98 %, dengan volume reaktor (15x20x150)cm atau 45 liter, kapasitas maximum 4,8 l/jam dan waktu tinggal 24 jam.
PENGKAJIAN KEMAMPUAN TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM SKALA KECIL Ruliasih Marsidi
Jurnal Teknologi Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 3 (2003): JURNAL TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Center for Environmental Technology - Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (332.295 KB) | DOI: 10.29122/jtl.v4i3.288

Abstract

To fulfill the people’s primary need, the government is duty bound to stock remote regions with a steady supply of fresh water. That duty necessitates assasing and applying of appropriate water treatment system in these remote regions or villages. In fact the number of people needing the service is few, and the education level of the people is generally low. Having a small scale and simple water treatment technology would fit this standard. There are many water treatment technology, but only a few should be applied for a minimal capacity production. The applied technology should benefit the localpeople and, in accordance with local’s conditions, long-lasting. This paper will discuss various water treatment technology suitable for a small-scale production. The technologies are selected based on its ability to purify thewater and the cost of each system. The calculations were derived from otherwritten sources along with field data gathered by BPPT. These technology include the coagulation-filtration technology, slow-sand filtration technology, ion-exchange technology, reverse-osmosis technology and the active-carbon technology.
Co-Authors Nusa Idaman Said