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Growth and Yield Stability of Sweet Potato Clones across Four Locations in East Nusa Tenggara Oematan, Shirly S.; Arsa, I.G.B. Adwita; Ndiwa, Antonius S. S.; Mau, Yosep Seran
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

A number of promising sweet potato clones from East Nusa Tenggara and a checked cultivar were evaluated in several locations for the following objectives:Â 1) to elucidate genotype by environment effect on growth and yield of the sweet potato clones, and 2) to determine growth and yield stability of the clones across diverse locations in East Nusa Tenggara province. The study was carried out in four locations and was laid out in a Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 sweet potato genotypes as treatments and two replicates. Obtained data were subjected to combined analysis of variance to determine GxE interaction, followed by stability analysis based on joint regression model of Eberhart and Russell. Research results revealed that genotypes, locations and genotype by location interaction posed significant effect on the observed variables. Most of the evaluated clones were unstable for vegetative growth characters but were stable for tuber yield and yield components. The local clone LB-01 produced the highest mean tuber yield over all locations, averaging at 4.15 kg.plant-1 (~ 46.11 t.ha-1). Â Two local clones, i.e. ON-06 and LB-01, and the check cultivar Kidal were the most stable clones for tuber yield and yield components across diverse environments. Â Â Keywords: growth, yield, stability, sweet potato, location

EFFECTIVENESS OF OSMOPROTECTANTS IN IMPROVING AROMA QUALITY AND YIELD OF PARE WANGI UPLAND RICE VARIETY GROWN ON TWO DIFFERENT SOIL TYPES IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA I.G.B. Adwita Arsa; Ariffin Ariffin; Nurul Aini; H.J.D. Lalel
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 38, No 3 (2016): OCTOBER
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v38i3.672

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of exogenous osmoprotectant application in increasing the stability of aroma quality and grain yield of Pare Wangi on different soil types. A two factors greenhouse experiment was designed according to Split Plot design with three replications. The first factor was soil types of specific and target location. The second factor was application of exogenous osmoprotectants, i.e. without osmoprotectant, 10 mM proline, 20 mM proline, 10 mM sorbitol, 20 mM sorbitol, 10 mM sucrose and 20 mM sucrose. Observed data included soil physical and chemical properties, rice vegetative and reproductive growth and physiological characters, and rice aroma quality. Collected data were subjected to analysis of variance, followed by an Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc and a simple correlation tests. Results indicated that grain yield per pot was higher on soil from target location than on soil from specific location, but concentration of proline and 2AP, and the aroma scores were in the opposite direction. Besides more effective in increasing grain yield, the osmoprotectants proline and sucrose, each at 10 mM, were also better in maintaining rice aroma quality compared tosorbitol osmoprotectants, and aroma score showed a significantly positive correlation with 2AP concentration.

ANALISIS FENETIK JAGUNG RAS LOKAL NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR UMUR GENJAH BERDASARKAN KARAKTER AGRONOMI DAN INTER SHORT SEQUENCE REPEATS [Phenetic analysis of Local Landraces of Early Maturity Maize from East Nusa Tenggara based on Agronomic Traits and Inter Short Sequence Repeats] Yulita, Kusumadewi Sri; Bora, Charles Y.; Arsa, IGB Adwita; Murniningsih, Tri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Maize having maturity age less than 80 HST (days after planting) has played an important roles as part of food security system for the people of NTT since they can be harvested earlier than common maize and usually consumed by children. Local landraces of maize are usually heterogenous homozygote due to traditional farming system where the farmers used their own harvested maize for generations resulted in low level of heterogeinity. This study was aimed to assess phenotypic and genetic variability among 12 accessions of local maize on the basis of their agronomic perfomance and Inter Short Sequence Repeats profiles. Two accessions of non- early maturity maize were included as control. Ten agronomic traits and eight ISSRs âs primers were used to perform a phenetic analysis using unweighted pair group method with aritmethical average(UPGMA).Clustering dendrogram based on agronomic characters suggested that all accessions were forming three groups on the basis of their maturity (very early mature, early mature, and intermediate mature).On the other hand, analysis using ISSR profiles resulted on random grouping across the accesions.All accessions of early mature age having taxonomic distance of 0.83 and genetic similarity of 57%. This indicated that even though the landraces were open pollinated which allowed cross pollinations during the flowering time, phenotipic and genotipic variations observed to be considerably low.

RESPON KOMPONEN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL, SERTA KUALITAS AROMA TIGA VARIETAS LOKAL PADI GOGO AROMATIK ASAL SUMBA BARAT DAYA TERHADAP TINGKAT KELEMBABAN TANAH IGB Adwita Arsa
CROP AGRO, Scientific Journal of Agronomy Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Crop Agro, Januari 2020
Publisher : Department of Agronomy Faculty of Agriculture University of Mataram and Indonesian Society of Agronomy Branch NTB

Aroma quality of rice in addition to determined by genetic factor is also influenced by environmental factors. One of those that significantly affected the aroma quality of aromatic upland rice is soil moisture. The stronger fragrant aroma of rice often occurs at relatively low soil moisture level, so that the grain obtained relatively low, So that when the aroma quality of rice increases, the grain yield is lower. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of soil moisture to both growth and yield components, yield as well as the aroma quality of three local varieties of aromatic upland rice from South West Sumba. The experiment was carried out factorially in a split-plot design with three replications. The first factor was the level of soil moisture with four levels, namely: 100%, 80%, 60% and 40% FC and the second factor was local varieties, namely: Lapale Kuhi, Kiku Lapale, and Panenggo. The observed variables included: vegetative and reproductive characters, physiological characters and aroma quality. The data collected were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) Test at a 5% significance level. The results showed that: 1) Yield components and grain yield were the highest at 100% Field Capacity (FC) soil moisture level, and they were significantly lower at 40% FC soil moisture level, 2) Soil moisture level also significantly affected physiological characters, namely: N, Na, proline contents , and aroma quality of rice, 3) Decreasing the level of soil moisture reduces N content of leaves tissue, increases Na and proline contents of leaves tissue. Aroma score of rice increased with a decrease in soil moisture level, whereas 2-AP compound content of rice increased at soil moisture level 80 % FC and reduced both at 60% FC and 40% FC..

RESPON TANAMAN JAGUNG VARIETAS LOKAL NTT UMUR SANGAT GENJAH (PENA TUNUâ€™ ANAâ€™) TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGANÂ Arsa, I.G.B. Adwita; Bora, Charles Y.; Yulita, Kusumadewi Sri; Murningsih, Tri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1865

In dry land areas such as Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), low production of maize may due to selection of using local varieties that are mostly drought tolerant.One of the local varieties known as Pena Tunu? Ana? have been harversted in very early age of 1.5 month, hence it was categorised as very early mature maize. This variety is therefore play an important role in the food security system for people in NTT as they can be harvested earlier than other varieties. However, no information has yet on how this variety response to drought stress. Drought stress is one of the factors causing the decline in maize production. This study was conducted at experimental house in Cibinong Science Centre (CSC) to evaluate responses of Pena Tunu? Ana? against drought stress treatment. The experiment was done in six degree of drought treatments, 0 (control), 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days with 4 replications. Parameters measured were soil water, relative leaf water,proline and sugar content in leaves and roots at each level of drought stressed. Results showed that with increasing level of drought stress,soil water and relative leaf water content were decreased while proline and sugar content were increased. At the same level of drought stress, accumulation of proline and sugar in the roots was higher than those in the leaves. Drought stress terminated at 16 days, where the roots content of proline reached 10.36 mg/g and sugar 110.91 mg/g, while the leaves content of proline was of 2.84 mg/g and sugar was of 38.44 mg/g. At the level of drought stress during 16 days, the plants suffered temporary wilting but refreshed after watering.

GROWTH AND YIELD STABILITY OF SWEET POTATO CLONES ACROSS FOUR LOCATIONS IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA Yosep Seran Mau; Antonius S. S. Ndiwa; I.G.B. Adwita Arsa; Shirly S. Oematan
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 35, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v35i1.296

A number of promising sweet potato clones from East Nusa Tenggara and a checked cultivar were evaluated in several locations for the following objectives: 1) to elucidate genotype by environment effect on growth and yield of the sweet potato clones, and 2) to determine growth and yield stability of the clones across diverse locations in East Nusa Tenggara province. The study was carried out in four locations and was laid out in a Randomized Block Design consisting of 10 sweet potato genotypes as treatments and two replicates. Obtained data were subjected to combined analysis of variance to determine GxE interaction, followed by stability analysis based on joint regression model of Eberhart and Russell. Research results revealed that genotypes, locations and genotype by location interaction posed significant effect on the observed variables. Most of the evaluated clones were unstable for vegetative growth characters but were stable for tuber yield and yield components. The local clone LB-01 produced the highest mean tuber yield over all locations, averaging at 4.15 kg.plant-1 (~ 46.11 t.ha-1). Two local clones, i.e. ON-06 and LB-01, and the check cultivar Kidal were the most stable clones for tuber yield and yield components across diverse environments. Keywords: growth, yield, stability, sweet potato, location

RESPON TANAMAN JAGUNG VARIETAS LOKAL NTT UMUR SANGAT GENJAH (PENA TUNU’ ANA’) TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN Tri Murningsih; Kusumadewi Sri Yulita; Charles Y. Bora; I.G.B. Adwita Arsa
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i1.1865

In dry land areas such as Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), low production of maize may due to selection of using local varieties that are mostly drought tolerant.One of the local varieties known as Pena Tunu’ Ana’ have been harversted in very early age of 1.5 month, hence it was categorised as very early mature maize. This variety is therefore play an important role in the food security system for people in NTT as they can be harvested earlier than other varieties. However, no information has yet on how this variety response to drought stress. Drought stress is one of the factors causing the decline in maize production. This study was conducted at experimental house in Cibinong Science Centre (CSC) to evaluate responses of Pena Tunu’ Ana’ against drought stress treatment. The experiment was done in six degree of drought treatments, 0 (control), 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days with 4 replications. Parameters measured were soil water, relative leaf water,proline and sugar content in leaves and roots at each level of drought stressed. Results showed that with increasing level of drought stress,soil water and relative leaf water content were decreased while proline and sugar content were increased. At the same level of drought stress, accumulation of proline and sugar in the roots was higher than those in the leaves. Drought stress terminated at 16 days, where the roots content of proline reached 10.36 mg/g and sugar 110.91 mg/g, while the leaves content of proline was of 2.84 mg/g and sugar was of 38.44 mg/g. At the level of drought stress during 16 days, the plants suffered temporary wilting but refreshed after watering.

ANALISIS FENETIK JAGUNG RAS LOKAL NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR UMUR GENJAH BERDASARKAN KARAKTER AGRONOMI DAN INTER SHORT SEQUENCE REPEATS Kusumadewi Sri Yulita; Charles Y. Bora; IGB Adwita Arsa; Tri Murniningsih
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 14, No 3 (2015)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v14i3.1835

Maize having maturity age less than 80 HST (days after planting) has played an important roles as part of food security system for the people of NTT since they can be harvested earlier than common maize and usually consumed by children. Local landraces of maize are usually heterogenous homozygote due to traditional farming system where the farmers used their own harvested maize for generations resulted in low level of heterogeinity. This study was aimed to assess phenotypic and genetic variability among 12 accessions of local maize on the basis of their agronomic perfomance and Inter Short Sequence Repeats profiles. Two accessions of non- early maturity maize were included as control. Ten agronomic traits and eight ISSRs ‘s primers were used to perform a phenetic analysis using unweighted pair group method with aritmethical average(UPGMA).Clustering dendrogram based on agronomic characters suggested that all accessions were forming three groups on the basis of their maturity (very early mature, early mature, and intermediate mature).On the other hand, analysis using ISSR profiles resulted on random grouping across the accesions.All accessions of early mature age having taxonomic distance of 0.83 and genetic similarity of 57%. This indicated that even though the landraces were open pollinated which allowed cross pollinations during the flowering time, phenotipic and genotipic variations observed to be considerably low.

Tingkat Ketahanan Klon Potensial Ubi Jalar Lokal Asal NTT Terhadap Hama Lanas (Cylas formicarius Fab.) Yosep Seran Mau; Antonius SS Ndiwa; I GB Adwita Arsa
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 11 No. 2 (2011): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

A laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the potential sweetpotato clones from NTT for the following objectives: 1) to determine resistance level of the clones to sweetpotato weevil (SPW), 2) to investitage the effect of genotype by tuber production site interaction on SPW-resistance level, 3) to identify SPW-resistant clones. Sweetpotato roots employed in the experiment were obtained from two production sites in the fields. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design with a factorial treatment of two factors: sweetpotato genotype (10 clones) and root production sites (two sites). Experimental unit was replicated three times. Variables observed included percentage of SPW-injured root, severity of root injury, number of larva, pupae and imago, and root morphological characters. Quantitative data were subjected to analysis of variance while qualititave data were descriptively analyzed. Results of the study revealed significant interaction effect of genotype by tuber production site on severity of root injury and number of larva+pupae+imago. NBN-01 and NPL-02 produced the lowest (4.50%) and the greatest (67.03%) severity of root injury. NBN-01 was classified “resistant” and NPL-02 was “susceptible” while the remaining eight clones/check varieties were “moderately resistant” to SPW.

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